Tsis ntev los no, ntau yam khoom siv tau nthuav dav hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj thiab lwm yam lag luam. Hauv peb tsab xov xwm, peb yuav saib seb propylene glycol thiab glycerin yog dab tsi. Cov tshuaj no siv los ntawm tib neeg li cas? Dab tsi yog kev puas tsuaj los ntawm lawv? Lawv puas tuaj yeem pab tau?
Txoj kev xav
Propylene glycol yog ib qho dej cawv dihydric. Nws yog xim tsis muaj xim, kua nplaum uas muaj qab zib thiab tsw ntxhiab tsw. Nws muaj hygroscopic zog. Lub boiling point ntawm cov khoom no yog 200 degrees, thiab lub freezing point yog 60 degrees. Nws suav hais tias yog ib qho hnyav hnyav.
Propylene glycol yog ib feem ntawm cov lipid daim nyias nyias ntawm cov hlwb hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov fatty acids tseem ceeb koom nrog hauv kev thauj cov molecules loj rau hauv cov hlwb.
Glycerin yog cov tshuaj muaj roj thiab dej, uas dej cais cov rog ua cov khoom me me. Nws yog xim tsis muaj xim, kua nplaum uas muaj qab zib thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw. Nws kub taw tes yog 290 degrees. Glycerin tuaj yeem nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov muaju uas yaj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Npe
Propylene glycol yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nws tau tsim thiab lees paub thawj zaug thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Lo lus "propylene glycol" tau tsim los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov lus "propylene" (hydrocarbon radical) thiab "glycol" (dihydric cawv). Cov npe muaj peev xwm rau cov khoom no yog:
- YPropylene Glycol.
- YPropylene glycol.
- Monopropylene glycol.
- YDipropylene glycol.
- YTripylene glycol.
- E-1520.
Glycerin yog tsim nyob rau hauv Russia. Cov tshuaj no tau tsim thawj zaug thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th Lub sij hawm "glycerin" yog txhais los ntawm Latin li "qab zib". Cov npe muaj peev xwm rau cov khoom no yog:
- YGlicerin.
- E-422.
Composition
Propylene glycol yog tsim los ntawm carbon, hydrogen thiab oxygen. Cov ntsiab lus no raug coj los sib txawv proportions. Cov tshuaj formula ntawm cov khoom yog C3H8O2. Nws yog cov kua uas yog cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau cov qauv isomeric. Ib tug ntawm lawv tig lub dav hlau ntawm polarization mus rau sab laug, lwm qhov mus rau sab xis. Qhov no yog vim txoj hauj lwm asymmetric ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom.
Glycerin muaj cov pa roj carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. Txhua cov pa roj carbon atom txuas nrog cov pa roj carbon atom thiab pawg hydroxyl. Cov tshuaj formula ntawm cov tshuaj yog C3H5 (OH) 3. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua cov pa roj carbon atom muaj kev sib txuas ntxiv nrog hydrogen atom. Glycerin muaj valence ntawm plaub. Qhov no qhia tau tias nws muaj lub siab xav tsim plaub daim ntawv cog lus.
Production
Propylene glycol feem ntau tsimlos ntawm qee cov khoom siv roj av los ntawm sublimation thiab purification txoj kev, nrog rau kev sim ntxiv rau kev sib raug zoo nrog cov hlwb ntawm cov tsiaj keeb kwm.
Cov khoom siv tshuaj thiab lub cev ntawm propylene glycol tso cai rau nws los ntawm propylene oxide ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov khoom ntawm kev tsim khoom yog peb yam: tripropylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom. Cov khoom tiav tau npaj noj. Lawv lub neej txee yog 2 xyoos.
Glycerin siv los ntawm xab npum. Cov txheej txheem no nyuaj heev. Cov xab npum tau tsim los ntawm tsiaj thiab zaub rog. Thaum cov rog tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog alkali, tau txais cov tshuaj soapy. Thaum ntsev ntxiv, xab npum tau tsim. Tseem tshuav ib qho sib xyaw ntawm glycerin nrog impurities. Nyob rau theem tom ntej, cov khoom raug cais los ntawm hydrolysis, ces lim, lim.
Tsis ntev los no, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tau txhim kho. Glycerin yog tsim los ntawm tsiaj thiab zaub roj. Cov tshuaj yog tsim raws li hauv qab no: ib tug npaum li cas ntawm cov dej yog ntxiv rau cov rog; cov sib tov yog rhuab thiab decomposed rau hauv fatty acids thiab glycerin, uas yog sib cais, lim, purified. Lub txee lub neej ntawm cov khoom yog 5 xyoos.
Siv
Propylene glycol yog suav tias yog cov khoom noj tsis muaj tshuaj lom uas yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom qab zib thiab ci ua cov dej khaws cia thiab muag muag. Nws tso cai rau koj los txhim kho cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo thiab ua kom lawv lub neej txee. Cov tshuaj no feem ntau hu uaE-1520.
Propylene glycol muaj lub peev xwm zoo tshaj plaws los khaws cov dej noo. Yog li ntawd, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cosmetology rau kev tsim cov khoom tsim los moisturizing thiab cleansing ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tsis tas li ntawd, propylene glycol yog siv hauv kev tsim tshuaj.
Propylene glycol nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj aqueous yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam lag luam. Nws yog siv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib pauv (cov tub yees). Cov khoom no, piv txwv li, yog siv los ua kom txias thiab khov cov khoom thermal, berries, zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab lwm yam.
Hauv kev lag luam tsim khoom thiab thauj khoom lag luam, propylene glycol yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov dej txias ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov dej nres. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv los ua cov yas.
Glycerin yog siv los ua zaub mov ntxiv rau kev ua khoom qab zib thiab ci:
- kom txhim kho lawv saj;
- kom nce lawv lub neej txee;
- ua rau lawv muag muag thiab qab zib tshwj xeeb;
- tiv thaiv kev hloov xim, thiab lwm yam.
Nws suav nrog ntau yam cawv thiab tsis muaj cawv. Cov khoom no hu ua E-422.
Glycerin yog siv rau hauv cosmetology rau kev tsim cov cream moisturizing, qhov ncauj qhov ntswg rau lub ntsej muag, tes, lub cev. Cov tshuaj no yog ib feem ntawm ntau cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj pleev rau cov tawv nqaij. Cov tshuaj no yog siv los ua tshuaj laxative. Muaj ntau ntau yam zaub mov txawv tshuaj raws liglycerin. Cov no yog cov zaub mov rau hnoos, rau mob pob qij txha.
Glycerin yog siv hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab kev lag luam. Nws yog siv los kho cov noob. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam thauj: nws yog ib feem ntawm antifreeze thiab nres kua. Glycerin tuaj yeem siv los ua cov roj lubricating rau txhua yam ntawm cov khoom. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias roj av thiab benzene tsis yaj hauv glycerin. Glycerin yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm cov stains, ntxuav cov khoom tawv, ci laminate flooring, thiab lwm yam.
Nyob zoo
Propylene glycol nyob rau hauv ib nrab tsis suav tias yog tshuaj lom thiab txaus ntshai rau tib neeg lub cev. Nws tsis ua rau lub qhov muag thiab cov mucous membranes, tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj. Vim yog cov cuab yeej no, nws yog siv hauv cosmetology rau kev tsim cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau, balms, lipsticks thiab lwm yam tshuaj pleev ib ce. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov khoom txig khi cov rog, displaces kua rau hauv lub Upper txheej ntawm lub epidermis, ua rau cov nyhuv ntawm daim tawv nqaij smoothness.
Cov tshuaj no pheej yig dua glycerin. Yog li, nws yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv ntau cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, uas feem ntau muaj 10-20% propylene glycol. Cov tshuaj no nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim tshuaj rau kev tsim ntawm ntau yam tshuaj.
Propylene glycol yog siv hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus raws li cov khoom tawg, dej tuav thiab muag muag. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom nram qab no: ncuav qab zib, lub zog haus, dej qab zib, khoom qab zib, thiab lwm yam.
Lub cev muaj zogpropylene glycol kom boil thiab khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog siv rau hauv cov khoom noj thiab kev tsim khoom. Nws yog siv, piv txwv li, rau khov berries, zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm cov tshuaj no yog siv los ua cov dej txias rau ntau yam khoom siv.
Note: propylene glycol yog siv los tsim "cov nyhuv pa taws" hauv kev hais kwv txhiaj. Rau lub hom phiaj no, cov tshuab pa luam yeeb tshwj xeeb yog siv. Ua tsaug rau qhov tseeb concentration ntawm cov khoom no, siab thiab tsis muaj teeb meem vaporization tuaj yeem ua tiav.
Glycerin muaj tus nqi qis. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov yooj yim los siv nws hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam. Nws txhim kho qhov saj thiab zoo ntawm confectionery thiab pastries nyob rau hauv moderation. Lub peev xwm adsorb noo noo los ntawm ib puag ncig tso cai rau nws siv rau hauv cosmetology rau kev tsim cov moisturizers.
Glycerin muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo thiab kho kom zoo, uas tso cai rau nws siv rau hauv kev tsim tshuaj. Kev npaj raws li nws yog suav tias yog ntau concentrated. Glycerin muaj cov nyhuv laxative zoo heev. Nws txo qhov irritation ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias. Piv txwv li, nws yog siv los txo qhov muag siab. Glycerin txhawb kev poob phaus.
FYI: Ib tus qauv Nyij Pooj Masako Mizutani qhov kev zoo nkauj thiab kev noj qab haus huv zais cia yog vitamin E thiab glycerine daim npog qhov ncauj uas nws niaj hnub siv.
Kev npaj, uas suav nrog cov khoom no, tiv thaiv cov tawv ntoo ntawm cov kab tsuag. Lub cevCov khoom ntawm glycerin tso cai rau nws siv tau zoo hauv kev lag luam.
Harm
Propylene glycol yog siv hauv cosmetology. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau, nws ua rau kev quav tshuaj rau lub cev thiab ntau yam kev phiv. Kev ua xua ntawm lub cev yuav tshwm sim, uas yog nrog los ntawm daim tawv nqaij dermatitis. Hauv cov koob tshuaj loj, propylene glycol yog suav tias yog ib qho tshuaj lom rau cov kab mob ua pa thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog li ntawd, manufacturers sim siv cov khoom no nyob rau hauv nruab nrab concentrations.
Kev nkag mus rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, propylene glycol coj zoo li protoplasmic thiab vascular tshuaj lom uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv daim siab, ob lub raum thiab lwm yam kabmob. Ntshiab propylene glycol hlawv daim tawv nqaij.
Cov vapors ntawm cov khoom no tsis ua rau lub qhov muag thiab cov mucous membranes, tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai, tab sis tseem tsis pom zoo kom ua pa rau lawv. Nyob rau hauv siab concentrations, propylene glycol tuaj yeem lwj cov khoom qab zib thiab pastries, ua rau tsis kaj siab saj.
Glycerin, yog siv tsis raug, ua rau lub cev qhuav dej ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nws intensively nqus noo noo los ntawm lub sib sib zog nqus khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm lub epidermis mus rau saum npoo, es tsis txhob noj nws los ntawm ib puag ncig. Cov tawv nqaij ua kom qhuav, ziab ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov epidermis nce.
Thaum noj qhov ncauj, cov kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm plab, ntuav, kiv taub hau. Glycerin yog contraindicated rau cev xeeb tub thiab lactating cov me nyuam.poj niam. Hauv cov tib neeg rhiab heev, nws tuaj yeem ua rau khaus thiab ua xua vim tsis haum rau cov khoom.
Tshuaj pleev ib ce yuav tsum muaj li ntawm 7% ntawm cov tshuaj no, ces nws yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Glycerin yog diuretic heev, yog li peb pom zoo kom noj nws nyob rau hauv moderation.
Glycerin vapors hnyav dhau ua pa thiab saj qab zib. Muaj kev paub txog kev mob ntshav qab zib los ntawm cov pa luam yeeb ntawm glycerin. Thaum siv nws, yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no uas hloov cov vapors mus rau hauv cov pa taws tsis zoo nrog kev pab ntawm cov kua tshwj xeeb.
Glycerin yog tshuaj lom. Cov ntshiab, tshuaj yog suav tias yog non-toxic nyob rau hauv cov koob tshuaj. Tab sis thaum thermally decomposed thiab khaws cia rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, nws tsim acrolein, uas yog yooj yim absorbed rau hauv daim tawv nqaij thiab ua rau mob cancer nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau. Kuv xav hais ntxiv ib zaug ntxiv tias glycerin vapors yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb, txawm tias peb tsis nco qab txog acrolein.
Kev sib piv
Propylene glycol thiab glycerin yuav luag siv tib yam. Hauv peb tsab xov xwm peb yuav sim xyuas seb qhov twg yog qhov zoo dua. Propylene glycol, glycerin yog siv rau hauv cosmetology, khoom noj khoom haus thiab tshuaj, kev lag luam.
Glycerin thiab propylene glycol muaj lub cev zoo sib xws. Glycerin muaj viscosity ntau dua li propylene glycol. Propylene glycol zoo dua absorbed rau hauv daim tawv nqaij. Chav los ntawm propylene glycol dissipates zoo dua, sai dua thiab muab lub zog zoo. Propylene glycol ua rau khaus thiab ua xua hnyav txawm tias me me, tsis zoo lilos ntawm glycerin. Cov khoom no raug nqi tsawg dua glycerin.
Glycerin muaj lub suab qab zib ntau dua. Nyias glycerin. Propylene glycol muaj cov tuab tuab. Cov molecules ntawm cov tshuaj no muaj cov hauv paus zoo sib xws. Propylene glycol, glycerin yog tsim los ntawm carbon, hydrogen, oxygen atoms, tab sis lawv cov mis molecular thiab txheej txheem ntau lawm txawv.
Kev sib tham
Hauv peb tsab xov xwm, peb yuav saib seb qhov sib xyaw ntawm propylene glycol thiab glycerin puas tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov tshuaj no yog siv nyob rau hauv ib qho piv txwv nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm ntau lawm.
Piv txwv li, propylene glycol thiab glycerin muaj nyob rau hauv e-kua cartridges rau luam yeeb. Cov vapor uas e-luam yeeb tus hlub inhales yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm glycerin thiab propylene glycol. Lub decomposition ntawm cov tshuaj tso tawm acrolein, uas nyob rau hauv ntau koob yuav ua rau mob cancer.
Qhov ntawd yog yam khoom txaus ntshai rau tib neeg tuaj yeem yog propylene glycol, glycerin! Nicotine, uas tso tawm hauv cov pa luam yeeb, yuav zoo li tus menyuam tham! Tsis tas li ntawd, cov vapors ntawm cov tshuaj no muaj qhov ua rau khaus thiab txawm tias muaj cov nyhuv narcotic. Nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm qhov concentration thiab koob tshuaj ntawm chav.
Tam sim no, kev tshawb fawb tau ua pov thawj tias cov vapors nyob hauv lub ntsws ntawm tus neeg, tsis yaj, tsis tawm hauv lub cev. Nws tsim nyog kwv yees tias yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim rau tus neeg nyiam haus luam yeeb hauv 15-20 xyoo, thaum lub ntsws nqus cov tshuaj phem no.
Vim nws cov adsorbentpropylene glycol yog cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb hauv e-kua cartridges rau cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob. Kev sib piv ntawm cov tshuaj yog tham saum toj no.
Rau koj cov ntaub ntawv: kwv yees li 65% ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb hauv Russia tam sim no siv cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog ib tug staggering tooj xav seb lawv kim npaum li cas. Cov cuab yeej yooj yim tshaj plaws yuav raug nqi 1000 rubles.
Cov khoom sib txawv ntawm lawv lub cev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau xaiv qhov sib piv ntawm glycerin thiab propylene glycol. Cov kev faib ua hauv qab no suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws: 70% propylene glycol, 30% glycerin. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias propylene glycol yog sib dua, absorbs tsw thiab saj zoo dua. Txhawm rau tsim cov kua, glycerin thiab propylene glycol yog sib xyaw. Flavors ntxiv kawg.
yuav qhov twg
Glycerin thiab propylene glycol tuaj yeem yuav ntawm txhua lub tsev muag tshuaj hauv qhov me me yam tsis muaj ntawv sau tshuaj. Lawv pheej yig. Piv txwv li, 100 ml ntawm glycerin tuaj yeem yuav rau 95 rubles. Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom no yog kim dua. Propylene glycol thiab glycerin feem ntau yog siv hauv e-luam yeeb kua.
Glycerin thiab propylene glycol tuaj yeem yuav ntau los ntawm ntau qhov chaw hauv Is Taws Nem lossis hauv khw muag khoom uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev muag cov tshuaj no. Ua ntej yuav khoom, peb qhia koj kom paub tseeb tias lub vev xaib txhim khu kev qha, kev tshuaj xyuas, ntawv pov thawj. Tam sim no, cov khoom no muaj cov nqi sib txawv, nyob ntawm thaj tsam ntawm Russia. Piv txwv li, 100 ml ntawm kev sib tov (propylene glycol, glycerin) hauv Moscow thiab cheeb tsam Moscow yuav raug nqi ntau dua li lwm thaj tsam ntawm Russia.
Zaj lus
Nyob rau hauv 15 xyoo dhau los, muaj ob peb txheeb cais ntawm kev siv propylene glycol thiab glycerin. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau paub tias vapor ntawm cov khoom no twb ua rau muaj kev phom sij tsawg rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Qhov no yog vim kev siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hauv txhua qhov kev lag luam. Cov tshuaj thiab lawv cov kev ua yog tseem tsis txaus kawm los ntawm tus txiv neej. Glycerin thiab propylene glycol cuam tshuam rau lub cev li cas? Cov proportions ntawm cov khoom no yuav txawv heev. Txhua yam nyob ntawm lawv.
Yog li qhov xaus: nws yuav tsum tau kawm txog propylene glycol thiab glycerin. Cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no yuav tsum tau siv los ua haujlwm nrog cov tshuaj no, lawv cov kev sib cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau kawm txhawm rau ua kom lawv tsis muaj mob rau lub cev. Lawv yuav tsum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Nov yog tib txoj hauv kev los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom tseem ceeb no nyob ntawm kev pabcuam ntawm tus neeg.
