YCov qog adrenal yog cov qog endocrine uas tsim adrenaline. Nws koom nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm cov hlab plawv system. Nws tseem yog hu ua cov tshuaj hormones ntshai, raws li nws tso tawm rau hauv cov ntshav hauv qhov ntau thaum muaj kev ntshai, kev ntxhov siab, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Tab sis Adrenaline kuj yog tsim los ntawm kev lag luam kws tshuaj. Cov lus qhia muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais tias nws tau txais los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov qog adrenal ntawm cov tsiaj los yog hluavtaws. Tom ntej no, xav txog dab tsi yog qhov qhia rau nws siv, yuav siv li cas kom raug, cov kev mob tshwm sim yog dab tsi.
Cov tshuaj
Cov tshuaj muaj xws li epinephrine hydrochloride, uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv crystalline nrog lub ntsej muag pinkish hloov nrog oxygen thiab lub teeb. Kuj tseem muaj daim ntawv thib ob - adrenaline hydrotartrate, ua hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hmoov dawb nrog cov xim greyish. Zoo meej soluble hauv dej thiab hauv cov kua dej uas muaj cawv.
Daim ntawv tshuaj ntawm adrenaline (cov lus qhia muaj cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no) yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Tshuaj txhaj. Nws yog cov kua xim tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab nrog cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb. Ntim, raws li cov lus qhia, cov tshuaj adrenaline hauv 1 ml ampoules thiab ntim rau hauv lub thawv ntawm 5 ampoules.
- Tshuaj rau kev siv sab nraud. Cov kua no tsis muaj xim thiab muaj xim me ntsis, muaj qhov tsw tshwj xeeb. Ntim hauv 30 ml fwj.
1 ml tshuaj rau kev txhaj tshuaj muaj 1 mg ntawm epinephrine ua cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb. Kuj tseem muaj cov khoom xyaw ntxiv:
- Sodium disulphite.
- YHydrochloric acid.
- Sodium chloride.
- YChlorobutanol hydrate.
- YGlycerin.
- YDisodium edetat.
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws.
1 ml ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce muaj tib tus nqi ntawm epinephrine ua cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom xyaw ntxiv:
- Sodium metabisulphite.
- Sodium chloride.
- YGlycerin.
- YChlorobutanol hydrate.
- YDisodium edetat.
- 0.01M hydrochloric acid tov.
Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv, cov tshuaj "Adrenaline" yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob nkaus xwb. Nyob ntawm cov pathology, daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj raug xaiv.
kho mob rau lub cev
Cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj muaj qhov ua kom muaj zog ntawm α- thiab β-adrenergic receptors. Nws ua raucov lus teb hauv qab no lub cev:
- Ntau cov ntsiab lus calcium hauv cov leeg nqaij.
- Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha xaus tau qhib.
- Calcium channels qhib, tso cai rau cov tshuaj nkag mus rau ntawm tes.
- Cov nyhuv ntawm β receptors txhim kho cAMP synthesis.
- Qhov zaus thiab lub zog ntawm kev cog lus ntawm lub plawv cov leeg nce.
- Myocardial oxygen xav tau nce.
- Nkoj nyob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, mucous daim nyias nyias.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv "Adrenaline" hauv ampoules hais tias cov tshuaj txo cov leeg nqaij du, txo cov suab nrov ntawm lub plab zom mov, ua kom cov menyuam yaus, txo qis hauv lub siab.
"Adrenaline" tom qab nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntshav nce cov ntsiab lus qabzib thiab txhim kho cov metabolism hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Kev noj tshuaj pab ua kom cov leeg pob txha ua haujlwm tau zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim nyog nrog kev qaug zog hnyav, thaum lub cev tawm dag zog.
Cov kws tshaj lij sau tseg tias adrenaline hydrochloride thiab adrenaline hydrotartrate muab cov txiaj ntsig kho tib yam, tab sis muab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav molecular, cov tshuaj tom kawg tuaj yeem muab ntau dua.
Yuav ua li cas yog cov tshuaj qhia
Cov lus qhia rau cov tshuaj "Adrenaline" tshuaj xyuas kom meej cov lus qhia rau kev sau tshuaj. Cov tshuaj tau raug sau tseg rau xws li pathologies thiab tej yam kev mob:
ntshav siab tsawgtsis tuaj yeem kho los ntawm kev qhia txog cov kua dej hloov pauv. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim nrog kev raug mob, poob siab, tom qab kev phais ntawm lub plawv qhib, nrog kev loj hlob ntawm lub plawv thiab lub raum tsis ua haujlwm
- mob hawb pob lossis bronchospasm vim yog tshuaj loog.
- Txoj ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Cov tshuaj tsis haum uas tshwm sim tom qab kev qhia tshuaj, kab tom, noj zaub mov, tom qab tso ntshav.
- YInsulin overdose ua rau hypoglycemia.
- Open-angle glaucoma.
- Kev phais ntawm qhov muag kom nthuav dav cov menyuam kawm ntawv.
Hauv cov lus qhia rau cov tshuaj "Adrenaline" kuj tseem muaj cov lus hais tias cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm ua kom lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj loog hauv zos.
Contraindications rau kev siv ntawm Adrenaline
Tsis txhob muab cov tshuaj raws li hauv qab no:
- mob atherosclerosis.
- ntshav siab.
- ntshav ntshav ntawm ib qho etiology.
- Lub sijhawm yug me nyuam.
- Ntsuag mis.
- Nyob rhiab heev rau cov khoom xyaw tshuaj.
- Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv, Adrenaline hauv ampoules yuav tsum tsis txhob siv yog tias siv tshuaj loog siv Cyclopropane, Fluorothane lossis Chloroform.
Txhua yam tsis quav ntsejcontraindications tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus neeg mob. Nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob siv tshuaj rau tus kheej siv Adrenaline, thiaj li tsis ua rau qhov teeb meem nyuaj.
Txoj kev tsis zoo ntawm kev kho tshuaj
Yog tias cov lus qhia rau cov tshuaj Adrenaline tsis ua raws, ces muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntawm kev tsim cov kev mob tshwm sim uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv:
- Cov kab mob hauv plab yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog: xeev siab, ntuav, tsis qab los noj mov.
- nyuaj tso zis, txiv neej tseem muaj prostatic hyperplasia.
- cov txheej txheem metabolic yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm cov poov tshuaj concentration thiab hyperglycemia.
- Nyob rau ntawm lub paj hlwb, muaj: mob taub hau, tshee tshee, nce nervous excitability, nqaij tic, nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob kuaj mob parkinsonism, txhav nce.
- Tus neeg mob lub siab lub ntsws hloov pauv: kev ntxhov siab ntau ntxiv tshwm sim, lub peev xwm taug kev hauv qhov chaw ploj, nco tsis zoo, thiab pom kev tsis nco qab ib ntus, lub xeev zoo li schizophrenic tau sau tseg.
- Cov kab mob plawv tsis tuaj yeem tab sis teb rau cov tshuaj: angina pectoris txhim kho, lub plawv dhia nce, mob hauv siab tshwm sim, lub plawv dhia tsis zoo, cov ntaub ntawv ECG cuam tshuam, ntshav siab nce.
- Bronchial spasm lossis angioedema.
- Daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem tsim tawm pob, erythema tsim.
Nrog rau lwm yam kev tshwm sim ntawm lub cev, cov neeg mobNote:
- Nyob.
- o thiab mob tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj.
- Tes thiab ko taw txias.
- Thermoregulation yog cuam tshuam.
- tawm hws ntau dhau.
Yog tias rov txhaj tshuaj dua, ces muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntawm necrotization ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, ob lub raum thiab daim siab, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev nqaim ntawm lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Yog li, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau ua tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob, yog li, yog tias tsim nyog, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem muab kev pab sai.
Cov tsos mob ntau dhau
Yog tias "Adrenaline" raug tshuaj, thiab tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia thiab cov lus pom zoo tsis ua raws, ces kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua tau. Tshaj qhov koob tshuaj tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- Sudden in ntshav siab.
- Tachycardia.
- Irregular heart rhythm.
- Ntxhais tawv nqaij.
- Txiv tes thiab taw.
- ntuav heev.
- Ntshai, nce kev ntxhov siab, kev nyuaj siab.
- Headache.
- YMetabolic acidosis.
- Cov neeg mob laus muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv hlwb.
- Kev txhim kho lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.
- Kua kua hauv lub ntsws.
- Ntawm qhov mob hnyav tshaj, tuag.
Yog tias tus neeg mob lub neej muaj kev phom sij tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj Adrenaline, cov lus qhia pom zoo kom tso tseg cov tshuaj tam sim ntawd. Txhawm rau txo tus neeg mob tus mobadrenoblockers, LS-nitrates nrog cov nyhuv nrawm yog siv. Nyob rau hauv ib qho xwm txheej uas tus neeg mob mob heev, tag nrho cov kev ntsuas raug coj los ua kom rov ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev hauv nruab nrog cev.
Txoj kev tswj hwm thiab noj ntau npaum li cas
"Adrenaline" tsis yog tshuaj uas koj tuaj yeem sau koj tus kheej. Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob yuav tsum txiav txim siab txog qhov yuav tsum tau kho. Raws li cov lus qhia, Adrenaline 0.1% raug pom zoo kom muab tshuaj intramuscularly, subcutaneously lossis los ntawm drip rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Tus qauv thiab ntau npaum li cas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob thiab qhov kev kuaj mob uas twb muaj lawm.
Cov lus qhia dav dav yog:
- Txhawm rau tshem tawm anaphylactic poob siab, cov tshuaj "Adrenaline" hauv ampoules, cov lus qhia pom zoo siv cov tshuaj intravenously ntawm ib koob ntawm 0.1 txog 0.25 mg. Rau dilution, siv 10 ml ntawm isotonic kua. Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem tswj hwm cov tshuaj drip, yog tias tus neeg mob zam cov tshuaj zoo, ces qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm 0.3 txog 0.5 mg ntawm cov tshuaj nquag. Yog tias koj xav tau rov muab cov tshuaj, ces qhov no yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau lub sijhawm tsawg kawg 20 feeb, tab sis tsis pub ntau tshaj peb zaug.
- Thaum muaj mob hawb pob, raws li hauv qab no los ntawm cov lus qhia rau kev siv, Adrenaline 0.1% yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj subcutaneously ntawm ib koob ntawm 0.3-0.5 mg hauv diluted lossis ntshiab daim ntawv. Kev txhaj tshuaj tom ntej tuaj yeem muab tau tsuas yog tom qab 20 feeb, yog tias tsis muaj kev txhim kho. Rau kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau diluted nrog saline.
- Kev siv tshuaj los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm hauv zostshuaj loog. Hauv qhov no, qhov ntau npaum li cas nyob ntawm cov tshuaj siv. Qhov nruab nrab yog 5 µg / ml. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov tshuaj loog ntawm tus txha caj qaum, 0.2-0.4 mg ntawm Adrenaline yog siv.
Kev siv tshuaj kho cov menyuam yaus kuj raug tso cai.
"Adrenaline" hauv kev xyaum menyuam yaus
Nyob ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob thiab kev mob ntawm tus neeg mob me, cov kev kho mob hauv qab no tau siv thiab ntau npaum li cas:
- Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm anaphylaxis, cov menyuam yaus raug muab tshuaj subcutaneously lossis intramuscularly. Cov koob tshuaj yog noj ntawm tus nqi ntawm 10 mcg rau 1 kg ntawm tus menyuam qhov hnyav. Qhov ntau npaum li cas yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 0.3 mg. Kev txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem ua tiav tsis pub dhau 3 zaug nrog kev so 15 feeb.
- Txhawm rau txo cov bronchospasm, 0.01 mg ib kilogram ntawm tus menyuam qhov hnyav yog noj thiab txhaj tshuaj subcutaneously. Kev txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem muab txhua 15 feeb, tab sis tsis pub ntau tshaj 4 zaug. Yog tias yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj, tom qab ntawd, raws li cov lus qhia rau Adrenaline hauv ampoules, cov tshuaj raug pom zoo kom txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha loj.
Kev kho mob thaum yau yuav tsum tsuas yog ua raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm kws kho mob. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tsis txaus los sau tshuaj rau tus menyuam ntawm koj tus kheej.
Kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv lub plawv cov leeg
Xinesmas feem ntau qhia yuav ua li cas txhaj Adrenaline ncaj qha rau hauv lub plawv cov leeg. Tab sis tam sim no cov kws tshaj lij xav txog txoj kev no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau yam tsis zoo, txawm tias nws muaj peev xwm coj tus neeg rov qab los. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb raug kev txom nyem thiab qhov muaj feem ntawm kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tsis zoo yog qhov siab, thiab kev ciaj sia tsis nyob ntawm qhov no nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev.
Yog lub plawv mobnres, ces "Adrenaline" yog siv raws li kev txhaj tshuaj thiab ua ke nrog lub hauv siab compressions, thiab nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob qhov chaw, ib tug defibrillator yog siv.
Tshuaj thaum cev xeeb tub
Cov lus qhia rau "Adrenaline" qhia txog kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj, uas tso cai rau nws yooj yim hla cov placenta thiab mus rau hauv cov kua mis. Kev tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ncauj lus no tsis tau ua, tab sis nws tsis pom zoo kom ua cov tshuaj kho mob hauv txoj haujlwm nthuav dav rau cov poj niam thiab thaum pub niam mis.
Raws li cov lus qhia, cov tshuaj "Adrenaline" hauv ampoules tuaj yeem raug sau rau cov niam uas xav tau yog tias qhov txiaj ntsig rau nws ntau dua qhov ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus menyuam hauv plab. Qhov teeb meem no tsuas yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Ib qho tseem ceeb nuances ntawm txoj kev kho
Rau qhov kev ua tiav ntawm kev kho thiab tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo, nws yuav tsum ua raws li qee qhov lus pom zoo:
- Thaum kho, nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov ntshav siab, nyeem cardiogram, potassium ions thiab lwm yam ntsuas tseem ceeb.
- koob tshuaj ntau dhau thaum lub plawv nres tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv cov leeg xav tau oxygen, uas yuav ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm pathology.
- Adrenaline nce qhov concentration ntawm qabzib, yog li cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau kho cov tshuaj txhaj "Insulin".
- Kev kho ntev ntev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov nqaim loj ntawm lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha, uas yog fraught nrog kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg necrosis.
- Cov tshuaj tsis pom zoo rau cov poj niam hauv kev ua haujlwm uas muaj qisntshav siab, raws li theem ob ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav qeeb.
- Cov koob tshuaj ntau kom tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev thiab kev loj hlob los ntshav.
Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv, cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus raug qhia kom tshem tawm Adrenaline maj mam, txo cov koob tshuaj, vim tias kev tshem tawm sai sai yuav ua rau txo qis ntshav siab.
Kev sib tham nrog lwm yam tshuaj
Thaum muab tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau txiav txim siab seb nws tuaj yeem ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj:
- Kev txais tos ib txhij nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tsaug zog txo qhov kev kho mob tom kawg.
- Kev tswj hwm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm "Adrenaline" nrog cov tshuaj hauv lub plawv, "Quinidine", tshuaj rau kev nqus tshuaj loog thiab cov tshuaj yeeb dawb provokes lub plawv atherosclerosis. Kev sib xyaw ua ke no yuav tsum tau zam, yog tias xav tau kev kho sai sai, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau npaj cov nyiaj pab rau kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev.
- Kev sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj uas muaj kev phiv los ntawm kev mob plawv, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv.
- Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj diuretic poob qis.
- Kev siv nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab yog qhov txaus ntshai nrog kev dhia nrawm hauv cov ntshav siab, mob taub hau hnyav, kev loj hlob ntawm arrhythmia.
- "Adrenaline" tsis muaj zog ntawm nitrates.
- Cov tshuaj muaj cov thyroid hormones txhim kho.
"Adrenaline hydrochloride" lengthens QT ntu ntawm daim cardiogram, txhim khu kev kho mob.cov nyhuv ntawm kev siv tshuaj nrog iodine. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau noj thaum koom nrog cov tshuaj uas muaj ergot alkaloids. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau ischemia thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm gangrene, nrog rau txo cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj noj los kho cov tshuaj insulin.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem sib xyaw "Adrenaline" nrog lwm cov tshuaj hauv ib lub koob txhaj tshuaj, kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam nws cov nyhuv.
"Adrenaline" nrog "Furacilin"
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas cov cuab yeej siv tau rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw:
- Furacilin muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
- "Adrenaline" constricts cov hlab ntsha.
Kev siv cov tee uas muaj ob yam no yog siv los kho cov nasopharynx. Kev kho mob yog siv rau cov mob hauv qab no thiab kab mob:
- Kev kho mob ntawm sinusitis nrog purulent tawm.
- rau ntxuav qhov ntswg.
- Nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob sib kis.
- Rau kev kho mob rhinitis ntev.
- Yuav ua kom yooj yim ua pa thaum lwm yam kev kho tsis tuaj yeem txo qhov congestion.
- Rau kev kho cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv cov sinuses.
- Nrog kev loj hlob ntawm adenoiditis, sinusitis.
"Furacilin" txo qhov o thiab txo qhov ntswg qhov ntswg, "Adrenaline" constricts cov hlab ntsha thiab txo qhov tsim ntawm mucous secretions. tee pab daws cov teeb meem hauv qhov ntswg, ua rau muaj kab mob los yog kab mob.
"Adrenaline" nrog "Furacilin" (cov lus qhia hais txog qhov no) tsuas yog kws kho mob tau sau tseg, qhia txog kev noj zaub mov thiab noj ntau npaum li cas. Lub sijhawm kho yog los ntawm peb mus rau xya hnub, tab sis tsis pub ntau tshaj ib lub lis piam.
Cov lus pom zoo rau kev siv cov cuab yeej muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- Ua tib zoo ntxuav qhov ntswg qhov ntswg los ntawm cov hnoos qeev thiab crusts. Koj tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej txheem los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj ntsev, yuav los ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj lossis npaj los ntawm koj tus kheej.
- Kub poob me ntsis rau lub cev kub. Ua li no, cia li tuav lub raj mis ntawm koj txhais tes ib pliag.
- Drip 1-3 tee rau hauv txhua qhov ntswg, rov ua cov txheej txheem peb zaug hauv ib hnub.
- txhuam koj lub qhov ntswg tom qab 10-15 feeb.
Kev kho cov menyuam yaus, koj tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab nqus pa. Cov tee kuj tseem siv tau los ua kev txhaj tshuaj sab nraud. Siv tau zoo rau kev nqus pa. Yog tias tus menyuam muaj hnub nyoog ib xyoos mus rau 6 xyoo, ces 10 tee ntawm cov tshuaj rau ib tus txheej txheem yog txaus. Rov ua dua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau yam tsawg kawg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub.
Rau menyuam mos, cov khoom muaj:
- Aqueous adrenaline daws.
- YFuracilin.
- Boric acid daws.
- "Ephedrine".
- Salicylic sodium daws.
Nws raug pom zoo rau cov menyuam mos kom tso cov tee hauv qhov ntswg 15 feeb ua ntej pub mis, 1-2 tee. Yog hais tias qhov ntswg qhov ntswg yog clogged heev, ua ntej tus txheej txheem nws yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev nrog ib tug syringe.
Kev siv cov khoom yuav tsum tau ua tsuas yog tom qab kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob. Nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub tshaj qhov pom zoodosage.
Kev kho mob nrog txhua yam tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua nrog kev tso cai los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj loj xws li Adrenaline. Kev noj tshuaj rau tus kheej thiab kev tswj tsis tau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj.
