Tuberculosis hauv cov neeg laus: cov tsos mob tsis ua npaws ntawm ntau theem

Cov txheej txheem:

Tuberculosis hauv cov neeg laus: cov tsos mob tsis ua npaws ntawm ntau theem
Tuberculosis hauv cov neeg laus: cov tsos mob tsis ua npaws ntawm ntau theem

Video: Tuberculosis hauv cov neeg laus: cov tsos mob tsis ua npaws ntawm ntau theem

Video: Tuberculosis hauv cov neeg laus: cov tsos mob tsis ua npaws ntawm ntau theem
Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Tuberculosis yog ib qho kab mob sib kis thiab kab mob, tus kab mob ua rau tus kab mob uas yog mycobacterium hu ua Koch's bacillus. Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv mob hnyav lossis latent. Nws kuj tseem ua tau tias tus cab kuj ntawm cov kab mob tsis muaj qhov pib ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv lub cev. Feem ntau, tuberculosis yog multifaceted, thiab yog vim li cas nws yog heev txaus ntshai.

tus kab mob no yog dab tsi

Txhua xyoo, ntau lab tus tib neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog thiab xwm txheej tuag los ntawm tuberculosis. Thiab tag nrho vim hais tias tus kab mob no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim thiab insidious: ob peb xyoos tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm lub sijhawm kis mus rau kev loj hlob ntawm daim ntawv mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom kuaj tau tus kab mob nyob rau theem pib. Hauv cov neeg laus, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no tuaj yeem sib txawv kiag li. Tab sis yog tias koj paub lawv cov yam ntxwv, koj tuaj yeem suav nrog kev tshawb pom raws sijhawm thiab kev kho tus kabmob zoo.

Feem ntau, qhov tsis xws luag tshwm sim nrog qhov kub nce me ntsis hauv 37-38 degrees. Tab sis tuberculosis tuaj yeem txhim kho zoo yam tsis ua npaws. Thiab txawm hais tias daim ntawv no ntawm pathology yog qhov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim, nws yog nws uas suav tias yog feem ntautxaus ntshai. Tom qab tag nrho, tus neeg mob yuav tsuas tsis pom cov tsos mob ntawm tuberculosis tsis kub taub hau ntev. Hauv cov neeg laus, tus kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv latent, raws li lub cev sim tawm tsam cov kab mob. Tab sis qhov tshwm sim ntawm no "sib ntaus sib tua" yog yuav luag ib txwm zoo ib yam - tus kab mob yeej. Thiab txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no los ntawm qhov tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov cim qhia ntawm pathology hauv lub sijhawm, thiab nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob.

Puas muaj tuberculosis tsis ua npaws

Daim ntawv no ntawm pathology tshwm sim nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub ntsws. Cov kws kho mob paub qhov txawv ntau theem ntawm tus kab mob.

  • theem pib. Qhia txog lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm txij li lub sij hawm tus kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev mus txog rau thaum thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob yog mob me, qhov kub thiab txias feem ntau tsis tuaj. Qhov ntsuas kub ib txwm nyob hauv thawj theem ntawm tuberculosis yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm nws cov chav kawm. Txawm hais tias qee zaum hauv cov neeg mob qhov kub tseem nce mus txog 37 degrees. Tab sis ntau tus neeg tsuas yog tsis quav ntsej nws.
  • Latent stage. Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov tsos mob. Cov kws kho mob hu rau theem no yog ib daim ntawv kaw ntawm pathology. Rau cov neeg nyob ib ncig ntawm lub latent theem muaj kev nyab xeeb. Nws yog rau lub sijhawm no uas cov tsos mob ntawm tuberculosis hauv cov neeg laus tsis ua npaws thiab hnoos yog yam ntxwv.
  • Active stage. Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv qhib ntawm tus kab mob. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov duab kho mob tau hais. Nyob rau theem no, qhov tsis ua npaws tsis tshua muaj.
  • Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qhov rov ua dua ntawm pathology. Qhov no theemCov kws kho mob xav txog theem plaub ntawm tus kab mob.
Cov tsos mob ntawm thawj theem ntawm tuberculosis
Cov tsos mob ntawm thawj theem ntawm tuberculosis

Yog tias tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias hauv cov neeg laus, tsuas yog thawj ob theem ntawm cov kab mob tshwm sim, thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd tsis nyob hauv txhua kis. Txhua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kabmob mus rau theem tom ntej tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsis kho, tus kab mob yuav loj hlob sai.

Cov tsos mob Tuberculosis tsis ua npaws rau cov neeg laus

Cov cim qhia ntawm daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob no tsis yog tshwj xeeb, yog li tus neeg mob xav tau kev kuaj xyuas kom meej txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov tseeb. Daim duab kho mob muaj ob peb yam tseem ceeb. Hauv cov neeg laus, cov tsos mob ntawm tuberculosis tsis ua npaws feem ntau mob me.

  • hnoos tsis tu ncua lossis ntuav. Nws zoo nkaus li excruciating, debilitating tawm tsam nrog suffocation. Muaj ib qho hnoos qeev ntawm purulent lossis serous sputum. Muaj tseeb tiag, nyob rau theem pib ntawm tuberculosis nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus, cov tsos mob yuav tsis tuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias lub cev kub nyob rau hauv ib txwm txwv.
  • Tsis hnov tsw, gurgling hauv ntsws. Kev ua pa ntawm tus neeg mob ua rau hnyav, tsis sib xws, hoarse. Tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab muaj kab mob los ntawm lub suab ib leeg.
  • hnoos ntshav. Cov tsos mob no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum ntxov ntawm tuberculosis. Ntshav nchuav tuaj yeem qhia qhov pib ntawm neoplastic phenomena. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, thaum xws li ib tug kos npe rau tshwm, kws kho mob tej zaum yuav xav tias kev loj hlob ntawm malignant los yog benign neoplasms nyob rau hauv lub ua pa system. Kev tso ntshav yog vimkev puas tsuaj rau me me capillaries. Maj mam, cov txheej txheem pathological tseem npog cov hlab ntsha loj. Yog tias qhov ntim ntawm cov ntshav tso tawm ntau dua 50 ml, tom qab ntawd los ntshav tau pib hauv lub ntsws.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov theem lig ntawm tuberculosis
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov theem lig ntawm tuberculosis

Nws tsim nyog hais tias thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntsws ntsws hauv cov poj niam laus thiab cov txiv neej zoo ib yam nkaus. Hauv lwm lo lus, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob xav tias muaj cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb, nyob ntawm seb yog ib tug poj niam txiv neej. Yog, thiab pathology tshwm sim sib npaug feem ntau hauv ob leeg poj niam txiv neej. Cov tsos mob ntawm pulmonary tuberculosis nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam yuav txawv tsuas yog tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev thiab lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv. Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias cov neeg sawv cev ntawm kev sib deev muaj zog tiv taus tus kab mob yooj yim dua - hauv qhov no, txhua yam yog tus kheej nkaus xwb.

Txoj kev kho mob daim duab

Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj tau tus kabmob raws sijhawm thiab pib kho? Txhua tus neeg yuav tsum paub cov tsos mob ntawm pulmonary tuberculosis hauv cov laus. Tom qab tag nrho, tsuas yog los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas thawj cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob txaus ntshai nyob rau lub sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem suav rau qhov txiaj ntsig zoo. Yog li nco ntsoov cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum ceeb toom koj txawm tias qhov kub thiab txias.

  • Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob blush ntawm ob sab plhu lossis, hloov pauv, ntau dhau ntawm lub ntsej muag.
  • Ua tsis taus pa hnyav heev. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsis yog thaum lub sijhawm ua si, tab sis kuj thaum so.
  • Txhob poob siab. Nyob rau theem kawg ntawm tus kab mob, lub ntsws ntim qis, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ua haujlwm tau hloov los ntawm caws pliav. Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov txheej txheem no, ib tug neeg poob lub peev xwm ua pa ib txwm.
  • Mob nraub qaum thiab hauv siab. Cov tsos mob TB no hnyav dua los ntawm kev sim ua pa tob.
  • Ntau ntxiv ntawm cov qog ntshav hauv cheeb tsam.
  • Cov cim qhia ntawm ntshav qab zib tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis muaj hlau: qaug zog, tawv nqaij qhuav, nkig rau tes, plaub hau poob, tsis muaj zog, tsis txaus ntseeg, hloov kev nyiam saj.
  • Kev tsis qab los noj mov.
  • Ascites - qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kua dej hauv plab kab noj hniav.
  • Sudden yuag poob vim tsis muaj laj thawj. Qhov no tsis siv rau cov neeg noj zaub mov nruj.
  • mob nkees, tsis muaj siab xav ua txawm tias ua haujlwm yooj yim txhua hnub.
  • tawm hws hnyav, tshwj xeeb yog hmo ntuj.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tuberculosis hauv cov laus
Cov tsos mob ntawm tuberculosis hauv cov laus

Nov yog thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntsws ntsws zoo li hauv cov neeg laus. Txhawm rau xav tias tus kab mob no, lub cev kub tsis tas yuav tsum tau nce.

Raws li cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas, daim duab piav qhia yuav ua tau ntxiv los ntawm kev kis kab mob ntev, ntuav thiab xeev siab.

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov mob thib ob

Hmoov tsis zoo, thaum ntxov, tus kab mob xyaum tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob latent tuberculosis hauv cov neeg laus pib cuam tshuam rau tus neeg mob twb nyob rau theem tom ntej ntawm kev loj hlob. Tab sis nyob rau theem no nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev los nres cov txheej txheem pathological, thiab qee zaum nws tsis yooj yim sua.

Yog tias qhov mob thib ob ntawm qhov mob tshwm sim hauv lub cev, cov tsos mob hauv zos ntawm cov kab mob ntsws thib ob tshwm sim.

Cov neeg mob laus muaj cov cim qhia ntawm nwsleakage:

  • kub kub;
  • xov ntshav;
  • hnoos hnoos ntev ntev;
  • poob ceeb thawj;
  • mob hauv cheeb tsam cuam tshuam;
  • virtually tsis qab los.

Kev kho mob ntawm tuberculosis tshwm sim tom qab cov kab mob nkag ncaj qha rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Thaum pib, lawv yuav luag tsis pom, tab sis raws li tus kab mob loj tuaj, thawj cov cim qhia tau hais tawm.

Nws yooj yim dua los kuaj pom tus kab mob ntsws ntsws. Cov tsos mob hauv cov neeg laus yog:

  • poob ceeb thawj;
  • tsis ua haujlwm, tsis txaus siab;
  • mob plab;
  • siab nkees;
  • kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua, ntxhov siab heev;
  • hnoos ntub;
  • tawm hws hnyav thaum so.
Cov tsos mob ntawm ib tug qhib daim ntawv ntawm tuberculosis
Cov tsos mob ntawm ib tug qhib daim ntawv ntawm tuberculosis

Tag nrho cov cim no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhib ntawm tus kab mob tau hais. Yog li teeb meem nrog kev tshawb pom ntawm pathology yuav tsum tsis txhob tshwm sim. Tab sis nrog hom mob latent, qhov xwm txheej txawv heev.

Kab mob tsis sib haum

Cov tsos mob dab tsi ntawm tus kab mob ntsws ntsws hauv cov neeg laus tshwm sim nrog daim ntawv kaw ntawm tus kab mob? Hom kab mob no suav hais tias yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws thiab insidious. Thiab tag nrho vim hais tias cov tsos mob tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv no tsuas yog tsis tuaj. Daim duab kho mob ntawm kev kaw hom tuberculosis muaj ntau yam nta:

  • tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv tseem zoo li qub;
  • daim tawv nqaij kuaj muabpom zoo;
  • sputum test is negative;
  • kev hloov pauv hauv lub ntsws tsis pom ntawm x-ray.

daim ntawv no tsis kis rau lwm tus, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob so. Tom qab tag nrho, daim ntawv kaw ntawm tuberculosis tuaj yeem hloov mus rau qhov qhib ntau yam.

Diagnosis

txhawm rau kuaj tus kab mob yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom meej. Yog tias tus kws kho mob xav tias cov tsos mob ntawm tuberculosis hauv tus neeg laus, nws xa nws mus rau tus kws kho mob.

Nyob rau theem kawg ntawm pathology, qhov kev kuaj mob tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem, txij li daim duab kho mob tau hais. Tab sis nws yog qhov nyuaj dua los kuaj tus kab mob nyob rau theem pib.

Yuav kuaj tuberculosis li cas
Yuav kuaj tuberculosis li cas

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, tus kws kho mob sau tag nrho cov anamnesis tsim nyog, nug tus neeg mob txog qhov muaj kev tsis txaus siab thiab lub sijhawm ntawm lawv qhov tsos. Nov yog tib txoj hauv kev los txheeb xyuas lub sijhawm muaj peev xwm kis tau tus mob thiab cov xwm txheej ua ntej.

Tom qab sau cov anamnesis, tag nrho cov kev ntsuas ntsuas raws li.

  • suav ntshav kom tiav. Qhia cov duab kho mob classic ntawm cov txheej txheem mob hnyav lossis qeeb qeeb. Yog tias tus neeg mob tau zais los ntshav, muaj qhov txo qis hauv hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav.
  • Kev kuaj zis. Yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm ob lub raum thiab muaj qhov thib ob foci ntawm tuberculosis hauv genitourinary system.
  • Kev tshuaj xyuas cov hnoos qeev. Muab lub peev xwm los ntes Koch lub wand.
  • Mantoux cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Niaj hnub no, qhov kev xeem no suav hais tias tsis muaj ntaub ntawv txaus, vim nwstej zaum yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm yam kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov kev sim Pirquet yog suav tias yog qhov tseeb dua - nws yog nws uas tau qhia rau cov neeg laus uas xav tias muaj kab mob ntsws.
  • X-ray. Daim duab yuav tsum pom qhov khoob lossis duab ntxoov ntxoo. Muaj tseeb tiag, cov tsos mob no yuav tsis tuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv kaw ntawm tus kab mob.
Kev kuaj mob tuberculosis
Kev kuaj mob tuberculosis
  • Bronchoscopy. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev kuaj mob sib txawv ntawm pathology. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub qhov txawv tuberculosis yam tsis ua npaws thiab hnoos los ntawm cov qog. Txhawm rau kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob, tus neeg mob yuav raug xa mus kuaj endoscopic.
  • CT tsuas yog siv rau qhov xwm txheej hnyav.

kho tuberculosis tsis ua npaws

Cov neeg mob nrog qhov kev kuaj mob no xav tau kev kho mob nyuaj. Cov tsos mob ntawm pulmonary tuberculosis hauv cov neeg laus raug tshem tawm nrog kev pab los ntawm ntau pawg tshuaj:

  • tshuaj tua kab mob - feem ntau cov tshuaj fluoroquinolones hluavtaws;
  • tshuaj TB tshwj xeeb xws li Rifampicin lossis Isoniazid.
Kev kho mob tuberculosis
Kev kho mob tuberculosis

Kev kho mob rau daim ntawv latent ntawm tus kab mob yuav kav li ntawm rau lub hlis. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob muaj ib tug ntev lub sij hawm ntawm tuberculosis, lub xub ntiag ntawm txhua yam teeb meem los yog ntau lwm yam foci, kev kho yog txuas ntxiv mus. Nws raug txwv tsis pub cuam tshuam kev kawm txawm tias ib hnub.

Nco ntsoov tias Koch's wand yog qhov hloov tau zoo thiab txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sai sai. Yog tias koj tsis kam siv tshuaj, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob mus ib txhisnce ntau zaus.

Yog tias cov txheej txheem inflammatory tau npog thaj tsam loj ntawm lub ntsws, yuav tsum muaj kev phais. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov ntaub so ntswg cuam tshuam raug tshem tawm thiab cov txheej txheem raug ntxuav. Muaj tseeb tiag, kev cuam tshuam kev phais yog muab rau tus neeg mob tsuas yog tom qab tag nrho cov kev kho mob kev saib xyuas. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tuberculosis kaw rau hauv daim ntawv qhib, txaus ntshai rau tib neeg nyob ib puag ncig.

Thaum kawg ntawm kev kho mob, tus neeg mob tau pom zoo kom rov ua haujlwm dua: noj cov tshuaj vitamin complexes thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm txhua txoj kev muaj. Yog zoo mus rau sanatorium.

Yam yuav tshwm sim

Txawm tias tus kab mob tshwm sim yam tsis tau hnoos thiab ua npaws, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ncua kev kho mob. Daim ntawv latent ntawm tuberculosis tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb, nws tsuas yog nyuaj dua los kuaj xyuas cov kab mob. Yog tias tus neeg mob tsis tau txais kev kho mob tsim nyog, kev txhim kho ntau yam teeb meem tsis suav nrog.

  • Kev hloov ntawm tus kab mob mus rau theem nquag, uas ib tus neeg ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lwm tus.
  • Kev txhim kho ntshav hauv lub ntsws. Yog tias tus neeg mob tau kuaj pom tus kab mob siab heev, tus mob no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
  • Tsim cov foci thib ob ntawm qhov mob hauv lub genitourinary system, hlwb, plab hnyuv, tawv nqaij, pob qij txha thiab pob txha.
Vim li cas tuberculosis thiaj txaus ntshai
Vim li cas tuberculosis thiaj txaus ntshai

Zoo kawg

Tuberculosis tsis ua npaws tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob. Daim ntawv no ntawm pathology suav hais tias yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tshaj plaws, vim tias nws cuam tshuam qhov kev kuaj mob. Tsuas yog raws sijhawmKev kho mob muab tau txiaj ntsig zoo.

Pom zoo: