Keratitis yog ib yam kab mob qhov muag uas ua rau mob pob txha. Hauv qhov no, qhov pom kev acuity txo qis vim qhov opacities. Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm ob sab lossis ib sab. Yog tias koj ua tiav kev kho mob ntxov ntawm keratitis, feem ntau tus kab mob no kho tau.
Definition
Keratitis yog ib qho mob ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm lub qhov muag, uas muaj tearing, blepharospasm thiab photophobia. Tus kab mob no feem ntau muaj tus kab mob los yog raug mob, tus kab mob ua rau tus kab mob yog staphylococci, streptococci, tuberculosis, influenza, herpes. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm qhov muag, uas nws nyuaj rau kwv yees qhov tshwm sim. Heev feem ntau nws xaus nrog ib tug deterioration nyob rau hauv lub zeem muag vim yog tsim ntawm corneal opacity.
Type
Nws yog ib txwm ua kom paub qhov txawv ntawm ob hom kab mob no:
- Ntog. Nws yog characterized los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub sab sauv txheej ntawm lub cornea. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim vim yav dhau los conjunctivitis, o ntawm daim tawv muag thiab tsim teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub lacrimal sac. Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob keratitis no tsis yooj yim heev, vim tias cov epithelium cuam tshuam rau tus txheej txheem ntawm tus kab mob superficial.ntawm cornea, uas feem ntau muaj peev xwm ntawm tus kheej rov tsim dua tshiab, vim li ntawd, nti tsis nyob twj ywm. Rau hom kab mob no, nws txaus los tso lub qhov muag nrog "Sulfacyl".
- Ntxub. Nrog rau hom no, cov txheej txheem sab hauv ntawm lub pob txha raug cuam tshuam, stroma hauv keratitis feem ntau tsim cov caws pliav thiab clouding. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thaum xws li cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag axis, teeb pom kev zoo feem ntau tshwm sim. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog siv los kho keratitis hauv cov neeg laus, nthuav tawm hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thiab tee, xws li Dexamethasone thiab Diclofenac.
Hom thiab ua rau tshwm sim
Raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm chav kawm ntawm keratitis, cov npe hauv qab no tuaj yeem hu ua. faib cov fungal, kab mob, kab mob, herpetic, neuroparalytic, filamentous, onchocerciasis, photokeratitis thiab lwm yam. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb suav nrog cov kab mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob:
- Thaum lub sijhawm kis tus kabmob adenovirus, adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis tau tsim.
- Cov kab mob herpetic pib ua haujlwm nrog kev txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv thaum lub sijhawm muaj tus kab mob herpes.
- Cov kab mob tuaj yeem tsim vim kev puas tsuaj rau pob txha los ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Feem ntau tshwm sim vim muaj kab mob hauv cov kab nrib pleb tom qab raug mob, nrog rau kev tu cev tsis zoo thaum lub sijhawm siv cov lo ntsiab muag.
- Cov kab mob fungal pib nrog kev swb ntawm cov kab mob parasitic, lawv provoke loj reddening ntawm ob lub qhov muag. Feem ntau txhim kho nrog txo kev tiv thaiv thiabkuj siv tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Onchocercal keratitis pib thaum lub sij hawm muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj, nrog rau o ntawm conjunctiva thiab redness ntawm daim nyias nyias.
- Tom qab raug mob rau ntawm qhov muag, qhov txhab tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
- Photokeratitis pib tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm kub hnyiab ntawm lub pob kws thiab cov kab mob conjunctiva. Cov kab mob no yog tsim los ntawm lub hnub ci ci, thiab vim yog kev ua txhaum cai ntawm kev nyab xeeb thaum lub sij hawm vuam.
Keratitis cov tsos mob
Kev kho thiab tiv thaiv tus kab mob no tseem ceeb heev, vim muaj ntau yam teeb meem tshwm sim nyob ntawm cov tsos mob:
- Ntau zaus, thawj cov tsos mob yog mob thiab ntshai lub teeb.
- Qee lub sijhawm muaj xws li kev xav ntawm cov khoom txawv teb chaws hauv lub qhov muag nrog qhov liab ntxiv.
- Qee zaum yuav muaj qhov kaw ntawm daim tawv muag tam sim ntawd - blepharospasm vim yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha trigeminal.
- Nrog ib qho kev tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob, lub pob txha ua pos huab. Thaum cov txheej txheem inflammatory yog tsim rau saum npoo, ces qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem dhau mus. Nrog rau kev sib sib zog nqus configurations, pom acuity txo thiab ib tug pos yog tsim. Qhov kev tshwm sim no tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv, xim dawb, paj yeeb, daj lossis grey.
Diagnosis
Tus kws kho mob tsim kev kuaj mob kom raug tsuas yog thaum kuaj tus neeg mob. Cov neeg mob feem ntau yuav tsum hnav looj tsom iav dub. Thaum pib, nws yuav tsum tau sau keeb kwm tiav, tus kws kho mob nug tus neeg mob txog kev raug mob thaum ntxov thiab cov kab mob sib kis. Tom qab ntawd kev ntsuam xyuas sab nraud ntawm lub qhov muag yuav ua tiav.thiab thaj chaw tseem ceeb, nrog rau kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm qhov reflex thiab fundus.
Thaum muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm qhov endogenous, tus neeg mob tau kuaj xyuas cov kab mob xws li mob syphilis thiab tuberculosis. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob, nws yuav tsum tau mus rau kev soj ntsuam kab lis kev cai, nrog rau kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm scrapings. Lwm qhov ntawm tus kws kho mob txoj haujlwm yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov qauv ntawm lub qhov muag sab hauv lub qhov muag, qhov nyem thiab qhov ntim ntawm qhov txhab uas siv biopsy.
Kev kho ntau hom keratitis
Kev kho yog nqa tawm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau theem purulent thiab mob hnyav. Tom qab cov etiology tau raug txheeb xyuas, cov kab mob tseem ceeb tau pib kho. Txhawm rau txo qhov mob thiab mob, Atropine tee yog siv los kho keratitis 4-6 zaug hauv ib hnub. Thiab thaum hmo ntuj, 1% atropine ointment yog siv. Yog tias cov khoom no tsis pom los ntawm ib tus neeg, ces 0.25% kev daws ntawm Scopolamine Hydrobromide yog siv los hloov.
Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob keratitis, nyob rau hauv uas muaj corneal ulcers, "Monomycin", "Kanamycin" los yog "Neomycin" yog siv, uas yuav tsum tau txhaj nyob rau hauv lub conjunctiva ntawm ib koob ntawm 10,000-25,000 IU. Thiab tseem nyob rau tib koob tshuaj koj tuaj yeem qhia "Lincomycin".
Yog tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob tsawg, ces yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj tua kab mob: "Oletetrin", "Erythromycin" lossis "Tetracycline".
Yuav kom nthuav cov menyuam kawm ntawv, ib lub paj rwb swab nrog 0.1% tov ntawm Adrenaline Hydrochloride muab tso rau hauv qab daim tawv muag.
Kev kho mob keratitis hauv tib neegtsis zoo ib yam, nyob ntawm nws cov duab, yog li koj yuav tsum paub cov yam ntxwv:
- Yog tias muaj kab mob nrog rau qhov tsis raug kaw ntawm lub plab palpebral, kev txhim kho txhua hnub ntawm cov roj almond, chloramphenicol thiab tetracycline ointment yuav tsum tau nqa tawm.
- Yog tias tus neeg mob mob meibomian keratitis, kev kho mob ntawm cov mob meibolitis ntev ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab. Ua li no, daim tawv muag tau massaged nrog kev tshem tawm ntawm cov qog, thiab cov npoo yog ua tiav nrog ci ntsuab.
- Nyob rau hauv kev kho kab mob keratitis, ntxiv rau kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, nws tseem pom zoo kom siv tshuaj pleev tetracycline.
- Txhawm rau txo qhov mob hauv neuropalitic keratitis, 1% "Quinine hydrochloride" yog txhaj nrog rau cov tshuaj "Morphine". Nws tseem pom zoo kom noj 0.25 grams ntawm "Amidopirine" thiab "Analgin" sab hauv, nrog rau kev siv cov ntaub qhwv.
- Cov tsos mob yuav tsum tau kho rau filamentous keratitis. Rau qhov no, ntses roj los yog vaseline ointment thiab tshwj xeeb tee yog muab tso rau. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tso cov tawv muag ob peb zaug hauv ib hnub nrog 5% sodium chloride tov thiab haus cov vitamins complex (A, B1, B2, B6, B12, PP thiab C).
Kev kho mob phais (optical iridectomy thiab keratoplasty) raug sau tseg rau qee qhov qhia. Yog tias txoj kev kho tau raug xaiv kom raug thiab raws sijhawm, ces tag nrho cov infiltrates sab saum toj daws lawv tus kheej.
Kev kho neeg pej xeem ntawm keratitis yog qhov muaj ntau, cov tshuaj ntsuab muaj txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau ib hom. Lawv siv los kho ntau yam kab mob ophthalmic:
- Calendula ice cubes. Hauv 250 ml dej, ntxiv 3-4 tbsp. l. calendula thiab boil tshaj qis cua sov rau 10 feeb, lim thiab ncuav rau hauv ib lub ice pwm. Tom qab ua noj ua haus, thaj tsam ib ncig ntawm lub qhov muag thiab daim tawv muag yog massaged nrog ib lub voos xwmfab.
- Compress ntawm flaxseed, eyebright thiab chamomile. Tag nrho cov khoom xyaw yog tov nyob rau hauv sib npaug proportions. Cov sib tov yog boiled nyob rau hauv 200 ml ntawm dej thiab txias. Cov ntaub paj rwb yog moistened nrog cov kua no thiab siv rau qhov muag rau 20 feeb.
- Rau kev kho mob ntawm keratitis, ib daim duab uas tuaj yeem pom hauv qab no, siv cov compress ntawm chamomile thiab zib mu. Ib tug me me ntawm paj yog boiled tshaj medium tshav kub, decanted thiab txias. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tau ntxiv me ntsis zib mu rau lub broth. Ib lub paj rwb ntaub yog xa mus rau ib qho dej sov so, uas tom qab ntawd siv rau qhov muag rau 15 feeb.
- Y Txhawm rau npaj cov dill compress, nws cov noob raug crushed thiab boiled hauv 100 ml dej. Tom qab txias rau hauv lub decoction, discs yog moistened thiab thov rau lub qhov muag rau 10 feeb.
- Txhawm rau npaj cov tshuaj pleev ib ce los ntawm yolk, mis nyuj thiab qos yaj ywm, cov khoom xyaw kawg yog boiled rau hauv daim tawv nqaij thiab kneaded nrog rab rawg. Tom qab ntawd cov yolk thiab cov mis nyuj kub raug xa mus rau qhov ntawd, txhua yam yog tov rau lub xeev mushy. Cov txheej txheem npaj tau muab tso rau ntawm ib qho me me ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab siv rau qhov muag kaw. Ua 3 zaug hauv ib hnub rau 15-20 feeb.
Baths
Rau kev kho mob keratitis, cov txheej txheem no feem ntau siv:
- Koj yuav tsum sib tov cov noob dill, plantain, eyebright thiab ncuav boiling dej tshaj txhua yam, tos 5 feeb, thiab cesmob. Cov kua no yog nchuav rau ntawm daim tawv muag 4-5 zaug hauv ib hnub.
- Txhawm rau npaj da dej raws li cov nplooj raspberry, ncuav me me rau hauv 250 ml ntawm cov dej npau npau thiab tawm mus rau infuse rau 15 feeb, thiab tom qab ntawd lim. Ob lub qhov muag ntxuav nrog dej txias 2 zaug ib hnub.
- Rau kev kho mob ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm keratitis hauv tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu, feem ntau siv dill-based chav da dej. Cov noob crushed yog boiled nyob rau hauv 1 liter dej, thiab ces koj yuav tsum tau khoov tshaj lub lauj kaub thiab npog koj lub taub hau nrog ib tug phuam, tshuav nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm no rau 10-15 feeb. Txij li thaum nws tsis yooj yim heev rau cov tsiaj los ua cov txheej txheem no, nws txaus rau lawv ntxuav lawv ob lub qhov muag nrog cov tshuaj no (feem ntau, qhov zoo dua).
- Herbal steam bath. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum sib tov sib npaug proportions ntawm eyebright, chamomile paj, valerian paus thiab elderberry. Qhov sib tov no yog luv luv boiled tshaj kub tsawg nyob rau hauv dawb wine, thiab ces rau 15 feeb koj yuav tsum tau soar koj ob lub qhov muag nyob rau hauv ib daim pam.
tshuaj ntsuab
Nrog rau cov kab mob ophthalmic (thiab tshwj xeeb - keratitis), tshuaj ntsuab tuaj yeem kho cov kab mob no:
- Decoction of eyebright yog cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev kho qhov muag kab mob. Ib qho me me ntawm cov nyom yuav tsum tau xa mus rau 1 liter dej, boil me ntsis thiab cia txias. Ntau tus neeg siv cov decoction no ua compress thiab ntxuav. Nws ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws thaum noj sab hauv. Thiab tseem muaj koj tuaj yeem ntxiv me me ntawm cov paj chamomile.
- ThaumNyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm herpetic keratitis, ib tug sau yog feem ntau siv, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv chamomile, eyebright thiab dill. Ua li no, tag nrho cov khoom yuav tsum tau noj nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 2 tbsp. l., ncuav 250 ml dej thiab boil me ntsis, txog 10 feeb. Tom qab ntawd, cov kua yog npog nrog lub hau thiab txias rau lub cev kub. Tom qab ntawd ib nrab ib teaspoon ntawm arnica tincture raug xa mus rau ntawd. Qhov no decoction tau pom zoo rau kev ntxuav thiab compresses, nrog rau kev noj cov tshuaj yej no nrog rau cov txheej txheem.
- Kev siv horsetail infusion yog pom zoo kom ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev. Ib co zaub mov txawv hu rau ib tug sitz da dej ntawm muaj zog horsetail broth. Rau kev ua noj, koj xav tau 3 tbsp. l. xa cov pawg mus rau 3 liv dej thiab boil, thiab tom qab ntawd nqa tawm chav da dej rau 15 feeb. Rau qhov no, nws raug pom zoo kom siv tshuaj yej los ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm echinacea, eyebright, horsetail thiab xim calendula.
- Decoction raws li qhov muag pom, wormwood thiab aloe. Tag nrho cov nplooj yog tov nyob rau hauv sib npaug zos qhov chaw ntawm 2 tbsp. l., thiab tom qab no sib tov yog coj mus rau ib tug boil nyob rau hauv 0.5 liv dej. Qhov no decoction yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qab lub hau kom nws yog infused. Nrog cov tshuaj yej no, koj tuaj yeem ntxuav koj ob lub qhov muag thiab siv nws sab hauv, tsuas yog me me xwb.
- Txhawm rau npaj cov kua zaub ua ntej, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv nplooj blueberry, paj ntoo thiab chamomile rau qhov muag pom kev. Tom qab ntawd txhua yam yog crushed, thiab lub loj yog siv raws li kev npaj ntawm zoo tib yam tshuaj yej, uas yuav tsum tau noj 2-3 zaug ib hnub twg. Los ntawm qhov sib tov no, koj tuaj yeem npaj cov decoction rau compresses thiab ntxuav, thaum tag nrho cov nyomsiv ob zaug ntau dua.
- Infusion ntawm calamus, heather, celandine thiab chamomile. Rau kev ua noj, koj yuav tsum tau noj txhua yam ntawm 1 tsp. Txhua yam yog nchuav nrog 1 liter dej thiab boiled. Brewed tshuaj yej yog qaug rau ib lub sij hawm luv luv, siab tshaj 4 hnub.
Keratitis hauv dev
Tus kab mob no tshwm sim nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm o ntawm lub qhov muag cornea, txuam nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm specularity, brilliance thiab pob tshab. Ntawm cov dev, tus kab mob no muaj ntau heev. Nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj, nws ua rau tsis xis nyob thiab txo qis lub neej zoo ntawm tus tsiaj, nrog rau cov teeb meem txaus ntshai.
Nyob ntawm cov tsos mob, kev kho mob thiab kev rov zoo yog muab los ntawm kws kho tsiaj nkaus xwb. Thiab tseem qhov kev pom zoo nyob ntawm qhov tob ntawm qhov txhab pob txha thiab feem ntau suav nrog ntau yam:
- broad-spectrum sulfonamides thiab tshuaj tua kab mob;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (interferon, nrog rau nws cov tshuaj stimulants, ntau hom acyclovir) thaum muaj daim ntawv herpetic;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua xua - rau kev ua haujlwm dav dav thiab hauv zos;
- kev noj haus;
- vitamin-mineral complex.
Rau kev kho mob ntawm keratitis hauv tus dev, ntau qhov muag te, tshuaj pleev, nrog rau kev txhaj tshuaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tom qab lossis cov kab mob conjunctiva. Cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab intramuscular (los yog subcutaneous) kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj yog siv sab hauv.
Keratitis hauv miv
Tus kab mob no tshwm sim vim qhov mob ntawm pob txha. Feem ntau xws liQhov teeb meem tsis suav hais tias yog ib qho kab mob hauv lub cev, tab sis tau txais.
Nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm superficial ntawm tus kab mob, ib qho kev daws ntawm levomycetin nyob rau hauv tee yog sau, uas yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm "Hydrocortisone", "Novocaine" thiab "Prednisolone". Lub sijhawm ncua ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj yog 5 hnub. Tshuaj tua kab mob siv ntau zaus hauv ib hnub.
Rau kev kho mob vascular keratitis hauv miv, yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj Lidaza thiab cov ntaub so ntswg kho. Thiab kuj yog ib chav kawm ntawm "Peloid distillate" raug tshuaj rau 25 hnub.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm purulent keratitis nrog rwj ntawm pob kws yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thaum xav tau tshuaj tua kab mob dav dav, uas tau txhaj rau hauv lub cev intramuscularly. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj pleev, Erythromycin, Dibiomycin, Kanamycin yog siv.
Tsis tshua txaus, tab sis tseem, txhaj tshuaj tau ncaj qha rau hauv cov fiber ntau. Ua li no, tus tsiaj yuav tsum xub muab tso rau hauv lub xeev tsaug zog. Thaum lub sij hawm kev phais, cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam raug tshem tawm thiab siv stitches.
