Lupus yog hom kab mob autoimmune uas lub cev tiv thaiv pib los tua nws cov hlwb. Cov txheej txheem pathological feem ntau yog nrog kev mob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Yog li ntawd, lupus provokes cov tsos ntawm lwm yam, feem ntau mob hnyav dua.
Lupus erythematosus: tus kab mob no yog dab tsi?
Duab ntawm ntau yam kab mob ua rau muaj kev ntshai. Lupus yog ib tug ntawm lawv. Qhov no yog lub npe nrov rau tus kab mob, uas muaj suab zoo li systemic lupus erythematosus (erythematous) lupus. Nws hais txog pathologies ntawm autoimmune system. Lawv yog cov cim los ntawm qhov tsis tuaj yeem ntev ntawm cov tsos mob, yog li kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm feem ntau nyuaj. Nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau xyoo rau qee tus neeg mob kom ncav cuag qhov kev txiav txim zaum kawg.
Lupus feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog mob caj dab rheumatoid thiab lwm yam mob uas zoo sib xws. Lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob no yog o uas tshwm sim ib txhij nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Kev sib deev ncaj ncees yog qhov cuam tshuam rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob no. Feem ntau,Tus kab mob no tau kuaj pom rau cov poj niam hnub nyoog 20-40 xyoo, tab sis cov txiv neej tsis muaj kev zam.
keeb kwm keeb kwm
Hauv xyoo 1828, cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm lupus tau piav qhia thawj zaug. Tom qab 45 xyoo, tus kws kho mob dermatologist Kaposhi tau tshawb pom lwm qhov. Nws pom tias nrog tus kab mob no, cov tsos mob tshwm sim tsis yog ntawm daim tawv nqaij xwb, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev.
Cov kws tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv mus kawm cov neeg mob kuaj mob lupus erythematosus. Nws yog hom kab mob dab tsi, nws tau paub hauv xyoo 1890. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau tawm tswv yim txog cov kab mob asymptomatic ntawm tus kab mob no thiab lees paub nws nrog cov piv txwv tshwj xeeb. Yog tias tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij, cov kab mob tuaj yeem "noj" cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, yog li cuam tshuam rau lub cev tseem ceeb.
Xyoo 1948 muaj lwm qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb txog tus kabmob. Cov kws kho mob tau pib ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov ntshav ntawm tus kab mob. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov hlwb hu ua LE, uas yog, cov ntsiab lus ntawm lupus erythematosus, tau tshawb pom. Qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam no tau siv rau hauv kev kho mob niaj hnub no, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov neeg mob thaum ntxov.
Hauv xyoo 1954, qhov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau tsim, uas tau pab piav qhia qhov ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob autoimmune. Cov protein txawv teb chaws tau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus kab mob, uas ua rau cov hlwb noj qab haus huv. Kev kuaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau pab txhim kho cov kev sim ntsuas ultra-rhiab uas tso cai rau kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm ntawm lupus.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb
Nws tsis tuaj yeem sau npe tsis meej vim li cas rau kev txhim kho tus kabmob no. Txawm li cas losQhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm pathology paub tseeb.
Lupus yog ib hom kab mob autoimmune. Nws yog nrog los ntawm kev tso tawm ntawm cov proteins tshwj xeeb uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev cov hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob no hu ua autoimmunization. Hom kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob no yog vim muaj qee qhov kev tsis sib xws ntawm qib caj ces. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lupus erythematosus muaj ib qho kev mob tshwm sim. Qhov tseeb no kuj tau lees paub los ntawm ntau tsev neeg muaj tus kabmob.
Nyob hauv keeb kwm ntawm tus kab mob, ib lub luag haujlwm tau muab rau ntau yam kab mob. Lawv cov etiology tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb, txij li lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog "nruj" ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom ntej. Hauv kev kis kab mob, kev puas tsuaj cuam tshuam tau pom nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev taw qhia cov kab mob (piv txwv li, mucous membranes). Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev tiv thaiv kab mob tau tsim thiab cov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws yog tsim rau kev tsim cov autoantibodies.
Ntawm lwm yam uas ua rau muaj tus kabmob no yog cov hauv qab no:
- ncua hnub raug;
- rho menyuam thiab yug menyuam;
- psycho-emotional overload, stress;
- hormonal imbalance;
- noj tej pawg tshuaj.
Ua ke, cov xwm txheej no cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob xws li lupus. Cov laj thawj uas tau piav qhia saum toj no txiav txim siab txog kab mob thiab nws qhov tshwm sim hauv ntau hom.
daim duab kho mob
SymptomsCov kab mob hauv txhua tus neeg mob tshwm sim lawv tus kheej hauv ntau txoj kev. Coob leej neeg yws txog kev nkees. Qee zaum muaj qhov nce me ntsis hauv qhov kub thiab qhov hnyav. Cov tsos mob no feem ntau nrog rau cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- Tsis xis nyob hauv cov leeg thiab pob qij txha. Cov neeg mob feem ntau tsim kev mob ntawm pob qij txha thiab cov leeg, uas ua rau thaum sawv ntxov. Qee lub sij hawm lupus erythematosus yog nrog los ntawm me ntsis o ntawm qhov chaw cuam tshuam. Nws yog qhov tsawg heev rau cov kws kho mob txhawm rau kuaj mob caj dab lossis lwm yam kab mob sib koom ua ke.
- Daim tawv nqaij, plaub hau, qhov ncauj puas. Irritation nyob rau hauv lub puab tsaig cheeb tsam yog ib tug tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob. Cov pob liab liab tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov kab hluav taws xob ultraviolet feem ntau ntaus. Tus kab mob no tseem cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha, cuam tshuam lawv txoj haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, cov neeg mob muaj patchy alopecia.
- Ntshav thiab lymphatic system. Lupus feem ntau nrog rau qee hom ntshav ntshav. Nws qhov teeb meem atypical yog tsim cov ntshav txhaws thiab o ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav.
- Lub plawv, lub ntsws thiab lub raum. Lupus feem ntau yog nrog los ntawm kev mob ntawm cov nqaij mos ntawm lub ntsws thiab cov leeg nqaij ntawm lub cev. Qhov tshwm sim yog mob thiab tsis xis nyob hauv siab. Cov txheej txheem inflammatory nyob rau hauv ob lub raum yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov protein thiab cov ntshav secretions uas tawm nrog zis.
- Lub hlwb thiab CNS. Feem ntau, lupus erythematosus nrog rau kev nyuaj siab thiab kev xav tsis zoo ntawm kev xav.
Kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yuav txawv. Qee tus neeg muaj mobtsuas yog ib qho kos npe los ntawm cov teev saum toj no, lwm tus muaj tag nrho cov teeb. Thaum pib, lupus yog ntaus nqi rau lwm yam kab mob, vim hais tias yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog nrog los ntawm qaug zog thiab tag nrho malaise. Raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv nws cov chav kawm muaj lub sij hawm ntawm exacerbations thiab remissions. Cov laj thawj ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv no tseem tsis tau txheeb pom.
Kev faib kab mob
Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv dav dav ntawm tus kab mob, muaj peb hom ntws. Tom ntej no, xav txog txhua yam ntxiv.
Tus ntsim variant yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov pib tam sim ntawd. Feem ntau, cov neeg mob tuaj yeem sau npe lub sijhawm thaum lupus erythematosus pib tsim. Cov kab mob zoo li cas lawv feem ntau pom tom qab mus ntsib kws kho mob. Ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb tuaj yeem pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, kev loj hlob ntawm polyarthritis, kub taub hau. Ntau yam kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub cev ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj hauv qhov xwm txheej, uas nyob rau qee kis yuav kav ntev txog ob xyoos. Kev kho mob raws sij hawm nrog cov tshuaj tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav qhov kev tso cai ruaj khov.
Rau cov chav kawm subacute undulating, maj mam txhim kho cov txheej txheem pathological yog yam ntxwv. Nws pib cuam tshuam cov pob qij txha thiab tawv nqaij. Cov seem ntawm cov kabmob txuas nrog txhua lub sijhawm rov tshwm sim. Cov kab mob lupus loj hlob qeeb heev thiab yog li ntawd muaj cov duab kho mob multisyndromic.
Tus kab mob sib txawv ntawm tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm ib lossis ntau cov tsos mob. Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev noj qab haus huv zoo, cov neeg mob tsim cov pob khaus tawv nqaij thiab mob caj dab. Cov txheej txheem pathological tsim maj mam, maj mamntes puas tau lub cev tshiab.
Lupus hauv menyuam yaus thiab poj niam cev xeeb tub
Hmoov tsis zoo, lupus kuj tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg mob hluas. Cov duab ntawm cov menyuam yaus, uas tau nthuav tawm hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kab lus no, qhia txog cov duab kho mob dav dav. Nws xyaum tsis txawv ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cov neeg laus. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pib kawm ntawv thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua rau tus kabmob.
Lupus, daim duab uas feem ntau ua rau muaj kev ntshai, suav tias yog poj niam mob. Tias yog vim li cas nws tshwm sim thaum cev xeeb tub yog tsis tshua muaj. Lub tswv yim ntawm tus me nyuam tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob los yog nws exacerbation. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv qee zaum ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntawm tus poj niam, thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub no, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub tsis muaj kev rho menyuam lawm. Lub neej yav tom ntej niam yog ib puag ncig los ntawm kev saib xyuas los ntawm gynecologists thiab rheumatologists. Cov kws tshaj lij no koom ua ke xaiv cov tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws los tswj tus neeg mob. Cov kev tswj xyuas zoo li no tso cai rau 50% ntawm cov poj niam kom nyab xeeb mus txog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm cev xeeb tub thiab dhau los ua leej niam. Kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg mob tsim teeb meem hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntau yam los ntshav thiab fetal tuag.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus neeg mob
Thaum cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb ntawm lub chaw txais tos yuav tsum qhia koj tias cov tsos mob ntawm lupus erythematosus feem ntau nrog rau, nws yog hom kab mob dab tsi. Cov duab ntawm cov neeg mob los ntawm cov phau ntawv kho mob yog piav qhiapov thawj ntawm qhov mob hnyav.
Lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev kuaj mob yog los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas dav. Nws suav nrog immunological, chaw kho mob, kuaj thiab cov ntaub ntawv histological. Thaum xub thawj, tus kws kho mob ua ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas lub cev, ua tsaug uas nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pob liab liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov mucous membranes. Tshaj tawm cov tsos mob sab nraud twb nyob rau theem no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm xav tias tus kab mob lupus erythematosus. Daim duab txaus los kuaj pom zaum kawg.
Immunological kev kuaj mob yog siv los qhia meej txog cov kab mob hauv lub cev (kev kuaj xyuas cov chaw noj qab haus huv thiab cuam tshuam, kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg). Nrog rau Wasserman cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo yuav raug pom. Yog tias xav tias lupus, kuaj ntshav ntxiv yog ua tiav. Antinuclear cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov ntsiab lus nrog ob-stranded DNA feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv lom neeg ntawm cov neeg mob.
Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau txhua tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ntxiv ntawm lub plab zom mov txhawm rau ntsuas qhov kis tus kabmob. Nws qhia txog kev kuaj ntshav dav dav / biochemical, x-ray, ultrasound, ECG.
Puas muaj kev kho mob zoo?
YLupus yog ib yam kab mob uas kho tsis tau. Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias txoj kev kho tau pib raws sijhawm, qhov kev vam meej tshaj plaws tuaj yeem ua tiav thiab cov tsos mob tuaj yeem txo qis. Txoj kev kho mob yog tsim los ntawm tus kheej. Cov neeg mob uas mob lupus me ntsis feem ntau tsis tas yuav kho tshwj xeeb.
Subacute thiab mob articular cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kab mob yog kho nrog non-steroidal anti-inflammatory tshuaj (Voltaren, Brufen). Thaum daim tawv nqaij koom nrog cov txheej txheem pathological, cov tshuaj quinoline tau muab tshuaj ("Delagil", "Chloroquine"). Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho mob zoo li no yog siv tshwj xeeb, vim tias cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv los ntawm cov kab mob dermatitis thiab dyspeptic mob.
Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv kev tawm tsam lupus tseem yog glucocorticoids ("Prednisolone"). Lawv raug sau tseg tsis hais tus kab mob, daim duab kho mob thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological. Cov poj niam hluas thiab cov hluas feem ntau tsis kam txais cov tshuaj hormones vim kev ntshai ntawm qhov hnyav dhau. Lupus yog ib yam kab mob loj heev uas yuav tsum tsis txhob xaiv. Yog tsis muaj kev siv cov glucocorticoids, lub neej expectancy yog txo, thiab nws qhov zoo poob qis heev. Yog tias ntev npaum li kev siv cov tshuaj hormones tsis ua rau muaj qhov zoo, lawv hloov mus rau kev kho mob nrog cytotoxic immunosuppressants.
Ntxiv nrog rau kev noj tshuaj, cov neeg mob uas kuaj mob no xav tau kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb thiab kho cov tsos mob (vitamins, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob).
Yuav ua li cas nrog lupus?
Yog tias koj tau kuaj pom tus kab mob no, tsis txhais tau tias koj tuaj yeem tso koj tus kheej. Ntau tus neeg nyob nrog kev kuaj mob ntawm lupus erythematosus. Cov duab ntawm cov neeg mob no qhia meej meej tias nws tsuas yog tsim nyog los tawm tsam tus kab mob. Tej zaum koj yuav tau hloov koj tus cwj pwm me ntsis. Kev ua neej nyob. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom so raws li qhov xav tau. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los pw ob peb zaug hauv ib hnub dua li ua haujlwm hnyav.
Kawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb uas qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kab mob mus rau theem ntawm exacerbation. Feem ntau nws yog ua ntej los ntawm kev ntxhov siab hnyav, raug lub hnub ntev, txias. Zam kev ua kom lub neej yooj yim dua.
Tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev ua lub cev tsis tu ncua, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua haujlwm dhau lub cev. Raws li kev ua kis las tseem ceeb, koj tuaj yeem xaiv Pilates lossis yoga. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tso tseg txhua tus cwj pwm phem. Kev haus luam yeeb thiab haus dej cawv tsis ntxiv kev noj qab haus huv. Cov neeg zoo li no feem ntau yuav mob, overload lub plawv thiab ob lub raum. Tsis txhob ua rau koj lub neej txaus siab rau ib pliag.
Txais koj qhov kev kuaj mob, nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog tias tsim nyog. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum qhia seb lupus txhim kho li cas, nws yog hom kab mob dab tsi. Cov duab ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob no tuaj yeem txhawb nqa koj mus txuas ntxiv mus tawm tsam nws.
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau kev noj haus. Nws raug nquahu kom tso tseg tag nrho cov khoom tsim kev puas tsuaj, vim tias lawv cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv. Caffeine thiab cov khoom uas muaj caffeine kuj raug txwv. Cov tshuaj no ua rau lub plawv dhia nrawm dua, tsis tso cai rau so, yog li overloading lub hauv paus paj hlwb. Kev noj zaub mov yuav tsum muaj nqaij ntshiv, ntses hauv qhov ntau, nrog rau zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov khoom siv mis nyuj. Lawv muaj cov mob ntawm calcium thiab vitamin D, uas tso cai rautiv thaiv osteoporosis.
tiv thaiv kab mob
Tam sim no koj paub tias cov tsos mob lupus nrog dab tsi, nws yog hom kab mob dab tsi. Cov duab ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kab lus no. Nws puas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau?
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov txheej txheem zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus kabmob no tseem tsis tau tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm relapses thiab tswj tus mob ntawm cov neeg mob kom ruaj khov. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tsis tu ncua kev kuaj mob los ntawm tus kws kho mob rheumatologist, noj cov tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj pom zoo. Yog tias muaj kev phiv tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum rov mus ntsib kws kho mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li txoj cai ntawm kev ua hauj lwm thiab so, pw tsawg kawg yog yim teev ib hnub twg. Kev noj zaub mov kom zoo yog lwm kauj ruam los tiv thaiv kev rov qab los.
Thaum kuaj pom tus kab mob lupus erythematosus, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum piav qhia qhov ua rau tus kab mob no. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov no pathology yog " ntshai" ntawm kev phais mob, hypothermia thiab tsis lees txais "chocolate tan". Cov neeg mob Lupus yuav tsum tsis nco qab txog kev so nyob rau yav qab teb latitudes mus tas li ntawm lawv lub neej.
