Lub neej ntawm cov tshuaj pib nrog lub npe, uas tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam - tshuaj lom neeg, kev lag luam, lub teb chaws tsis muaj tswv, generic lossis thoob ntiaj teb lub npe tsis muaj tswv cuab ntawm cov tshuaj (ua luv ua INN). Cov yav tas yog suav hais tias tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm kho mob thiab kws kho mob. Lub npe no tau muab rau cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj, muaj kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb thiab suav tias yog cov khoom ntiag tug.
Qee keeb kwm tseeb txog INN
Qhov pib ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov npe thoob ntiaj teb tau teeb tsa los ntawm kev daws teeb meem ntawm World He alth Assembly hauv tsib caug xyoo. Thawj daim ntawv teev npe INN tau tshaj tawm peb xyoos tom qab.
Txij lub sijhawm no, lub kaw lus pib ua haujlwm. Tam sim no, lub koom haum no niaj hnub tshaj tawm cov npe thoob ntiaj teb cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj.cov nyiaj thiab ib phau ntawv xov xwm uas muaj cov npe ntawm INNs. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub cev yog los pab cov kws kho mob, siv ib qho tshwj xeeb thiab tib lub sijhawm uas muaj npe thoob ntiaj teb, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas txhua yam tshuaj. Ib qho thoob ntiaj teb ntau yam ntawm cov tshuaj no hauv daim ntawv INN yog xav tau rau:
- Kev sib pauv thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob thiab kws kho mob, nrog rau cov kws tshawb fawb;
- teem caij nyab xeeb thiab tso tus neeg mob;
- tshuaj txheeb xyuas.
Txoj haujlwm ntawm INN system
Lub npe tshuaj thoob ntiaj teb yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob ua raws li lwm lub npe kom nws tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab nrog lwm cov npe siv. Txhawm rau siv thoob ntiaj teb, cov npe no tsis yog tus tswv, piv txwv li lawv tuaj yeem siv yam tsis muaj kev txwv los txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj tshuaj. Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm INN system yog vim yog siv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj uas zoo sib xws hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj, lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo tuaj yeem taug qab.
Vim li ntawd, txhua tus kws tshaj lij hauv chaw muag tshuaj lossis tshuaj nkag siab tias cov tshuaj muaj nyob hauv qee pawg uas muaj cov haujlwm zoo sib xws.
Siv INN
INN koom nrog tib pab pawg kws tshuaj muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws. Kev siv cov npe tshuaj thoob ntiaj teb:
- thaum kos;
- hauv kev tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm;
- hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb;
- hauv cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm;
- hauv cov lus qhia tshuaj;
- hauv tshuaj.
Lawv daim ntawv thov yog muab los ntawm kev cai lij choj thoob ntiaj teb lossis lub tebchaws. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab txhawm rau tshem tawm kev hem thawj rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg, nws raug txwv tsis pub qiv cov npe lag luam los ntawm INN. Muaj ntau lub teb chaws uas qhov tshwj xeeb font loj yog txhais tau tias tso cai rau lub npe generic luam nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tshaj tawm lossis hom npe.
Vim li cas INN thiaj muab?
International generic tshuaj npe, raws li ib tug txheej txheem, yog muab los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb tsim commission ntawm lub World He alth Organization (WHO). Lub npe generic pab cov kws tshwj xeeb nkag siab txog ntau yam tshuaj uas tshwm sim hauv khw muag tshuaj tom qab tas sij hawm ntawm patent rau thawj cov tshuaj. Ntau cov tshuaj nrog tib INN muaj cov npe lag luam sib txawv. Piv txwv li, ib qho tshuaj hu ua "Ciprofloxacin" - qhov no INN muaj txog peb caug yim lub npe lag luam, "Diclofenac" - tsib caug-ob, thiab cov npe nrov "Paracetamol" - peb caug-peb. Ntau qhov kev npaj yog tsim los ntawm ib yam khoom, piv txwv li:
- 55 tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm penicillin;
- ntawm nitroglycerin - 25;
- from diclofenac - 205.
Txhua xyoo tag nrho cov naj npawb ntawm INNs nce ntau dua ib puas yam khoom. Tam sim nomuaj ntau tshaj yim thiab ib nrab txhiab ntawm lawv.
Cov npe tshuaj thoob ntiaj teb cov npe tshuaj tau xaiv thiab luam tawm li cas?
INN tsuas yog muab rau cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov tshuaj formula lossis nomenclature. Raws li txoj cai ua raws li WHO, cov npe tsis raug xaiv rau kev npaj tshuaj ntsuab thiab kev npaj homeopathic, nrog rau kev sib xyaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov npe tsis raug xaiv rau cov khoom siv rau lub sijhawm ntev rau kev kho mob raws li cov npe tshwj xeeb thiab rau qee cov npe tshuaj, xws li acetic acid. Cov txheej txheem xaiv nws tus kheej yog ntev heev, thiab kav ntev tshaj li ob xyoos. Tom qab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm tus neeg xa ntawv, txhua lub npe raug luam tawm los ntawm WHO hauv ib phau ntawv xov xwm tshwj xeeb. Thoob plaws xyoo txij li xyoo 1997, cov npe hauv qab no tau raug tso tawm:
- muaj;
- recommended.
Ntxiv mus, lawv tau suav ua lus Mev, Askiv, Fabkis, thiab tseem muaj lub npe Latin ntawm txhua INN. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib daim ntawv teev npe ntawm cov npe tshuaj thoob ntiaj teb tau luam tawm. Nws raug hloov kho tsis tu ncua. Nws teev cov npe ua rau hom lus sib txawv, suav nrog Latin.
Siv INN
Kev loj hlob ntawm cov npe dav dav nthuav dav ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov. Vim lub ntiaj teb no lees paub thiab nquag siv ntawm INN system hauv cov tshuaj siv tau, feem ntau cov tshuaj tau raug xaiv los siv thoob ntiaj teb.tsis muaj npe. Thaum sau cov ntaub ntawv kho mob lossis ua ntau yam kev tshawb fawb, INN tau siv dav heev thiab twb dhau los ua qhov qub. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm INN tau nce ntxiv los ntawm kev siv cov npe nrov rau cov khoom siv tshuaj.
Siv INN hauv cov tshuaj siv tau
Lub npe tshuaj uas tsis muaj npe thoob ntiaj teb yog dab tsi? Nyob rau hauv Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Cai "Nyob rau hauv Kev Siv Tshuaj" lub tswv yim no yog deciphered raws li hauv qab no - qhov no yog lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau npaj los ntawm WHO. Raws li tau hais los saum no, INN system tau tsim los faib thiab sau cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj nquag thiab lawv siv dawb hauv zej zog kev kho mob thiab tshuaj. Pib txij li xyoo 2012, hauv cov tshuaj siv tau, tag nrho cov ntawv sau tshuaj thiab tshuaj kho mob tau ua raws li INN, thiab hauv lawv qhov tsis muaj - raws li pawg npe. Thaum xaiv cov tshuaj, cov kws kho mob yuav tsum paub qhov txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus xws li:
- npe ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag;
- lub npe lag luam ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj siv tshuaj, piv txwv li cov tshuaj nquag.
Nyob hauv khw muag tshuaj, muaj ntau lub npe lag luam ntawm cov tshuaj uas tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv, tab sis muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia raug cai rau kev siv tshuaj kho mob, nrog rau ntawm cov pob khoom, muaj lub npe thoob ntiaj teb uas tsis yog tswv cuab ntawm cov tshuaj. Kev paub thiabKev siv INNs ua rau cov kws kho mob sau tshuaj tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig, nrog rau kev siv nyiaj tsawg tsawg ntawm kev lag luam.
Tshawb nrhiav cov analogues thiab cov lus sib piv
Analogues yog cov tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj zoo sib xws thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua. Cov tshuaj zoo li no tuaj yeem koom nrog pawg kws tshuaj sib txawv, muaj cov teebmeem kev kho mob sib txawv, muaj qhov sib txawv contraindications thiab kev phiv. Piv txwv li, "Remantadin", "Kagocel", "Ingavirin" yog cov txhais tau tias zoo sib xws. Synonyms yog cov tshuaj nrog cov npe lag luam sib txawv, tab sis muaj tib INN. Xav txog ob peb yam piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj-synonyms. Cov npe hauv qab no yog cov tshuaj nrog lub npe thoob ntiaj teb uas tsis yog tus tswv "Drotaverine" thiab "Paracetamol".
Thawj suav nrog "No-shpa", "Spazmol", "Spakovin", "Spazmoverin", qhov thib ob - "Kalpol", "Ifimol", "Prohodol". Ntau tus neeg tsis meej pem ob lub ntsiab lus no thiab feem ntau nrhiav cov analogues pheej yig hauv khw muag tshuaj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias cov analogues tsis zoo ib yam, thiab tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem xaiv lawv kom raug. Thiab txhua tus neeg mob tuaj yeem xaiv cov tshuaj sib txawv ntawm lawv tus kheej, nyob ntawm qhov nyiam ntawm ib lub npe lag luam thiab lub teb chaws ntawm cov tshuaj.
