Penicillin inhibits lub peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob thiab tsim tawm

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Penicillin inhibits lub peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob thiab tsim tawm
Penicillin inhibits lub peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob thiab tsim tawm

Video: Penicillin inhibits lub peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob thiab tsim tawm

Video: Penicillin inhibits lub peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob thiab tsim tawm
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Txoj kev kho no tau tshawb pom yuav luag ib puas xyoo dhau los thiab coj cov tshuaj mus rau theem tshiab. Ntau yam kab mob tau kho tau tom qab nws tshawb pom. Nws yog hais txog penicillin, thawj cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Penicillin inhibits lawv cov synthesis hauv cov kab mob, uas tiv thaiv kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov tshuaj no rau cov tshuaj pharmacology tsis tuaj yeem raug overestimated. Penicillin cawm neeg txoj sia niaj hnub no. Tab sis dab tsi ua ntej nws nrhiav tau? Leej twg ua khoom plig zoo li no rau tib neeg? Xav paub ntxiv txog qhov no hauv kab lus.

penicillin inhibits cov kab mob
penicillin inhibits cov kab mob

Penicillin yog dab tsi

Penicillin inhibits kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob thiab yog cov khoom pov tseg (synthesis) ntawm penicillium fungus. Qhov no yog fungus ntawm genus pwm.

Dab tsi yog qhov peculiarity ntawm cov khoom no? Txawm tias cov neeg uas hla cov chav kawm biology hauv tsev kawm ntawv tau hnov lo lus "cov kab mob" tsawg kawg yog ob peb zaug, thiab, feem ntau, lawv paub tias cov kab mob no.muaj ob qho tib si cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub cev (lacto-, bifidobacteria), thiab tsis zoo. Qee qhov me me "dab" ua rau cov kab mob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws: meningitis, tuberculosis, pneumonia, diphtheria - tsuas yog ib puas ntawm lawv. Penicillin inhibits cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv cov kab mob (ntxiv rau qhov no hauv qab no), uas nres lawv cov kev tsim tawm. Ntawd yog, raws li nws hom kev ua, cov tshuaj tau piav qhia los ntawm peb yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob dav dav.

Penicillin inhibits cov kab mob synthesis
Penicillin inhibits cov kab mob synthesis

keeb kwm me ntsis

Nyob rau xyoo 1928 (yuav luag ib puas xyoo dhau los), muaj kev huam yuaj tsis zoo rau tus kws kho tsiaj txhu tau tshwm sim hauv chav kuaj ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb Alexander Fleming. Los ntawm lub sijhawm, pwm tau nkag mus rau hauv nws lub thawv nrog kev cog cov kab mob. Thiab thaum tus kws tshawb fawb tab tom xav txog yuav ua li cas nrog cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kev sim, nws pom tias muaj qee yam tsis zoo nrog cov kab mob hauv lub thawv. Raws li peb twb paub lawm, penicillin inhibits synthesis ntawm cov kab mob, uas txwv tsis pub lawv cov kev loj hlob. Cov kab mob bactericidal ntawm cov fungus xav tsis thoob thiab puzzled Fleming. Qhov kev huam yuaj no tau cim qhov pib ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Tab sis thawj cov tshuaj tua kab mob pib kho tsuas yog ob xyoo caum tom qab.

Nyob rau xyoo 1940-1941, cov kws tshawb fawb Askiv Howard Chlory thiab Ernst Chain tau mob siab rau lawv txoj kev paub thiab kev txaus siab rau kev tsim cov tshuaj penicillin thiab pib qhia rau hauv chaw muag tshuaj. Thaum kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, xyoo 1945, cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov neeg nrhiav pom Fleming tsim nyog tau txais qhov khoom plig Nobel.

penicillin inhibits kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob
penicillin inhibits kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tshawb pom ntawm penicillin rau tshuaj, lossis Dab tsi tshwm sim ua ntej

NtauCov kab mob txaus ntshai uas tam sim ntawd tshem tawm lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg yog ib yam ntawm yav dhau los ua tsaug rau qhov tau txais thawj cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev ua tiav ntawm kev tshawb fawb no tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees ntau dhau. Txhua tus neeg uas tau mob los ntawm tus kab mob no yuav pom zoo nrog qhov no.

Penicillin inhibits protein synthesis hauv cov kab mob, uas yog, nws tiv thaiv cov kab mob los ntawm kev tsim thiab sib npaug, thiab tam sim no, ua tsaug rau ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob raws li nws, ntau yam kab mob tau kho tau nrog yuav luag tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim rau lub cev. Nws nyuaj thiab txaus ntshai xav txog tias qhov no tsis yog ib txwm muaj.

Ib xyoo dhau los (tsis yog Hnub Nyoog Nrab Hnub nyoog, lossis, feem ntau, Hnub Nyoog Pob Zeb, raws li ntau tus ntseeg), cov neeg tuag los ntawm cov kab mob uas peb tam sim no khav theeb dais ntawm peb txhais taw, muffled nrog ib txhais tes ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv.. Banal mob caj pas tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg lub neej hauv ib lub lis piam, mob ntsws - txawm sai dua. Thiab tus kab mob meningitis tau suav tias yog kho tsis tau, yog tias muaj cov neeg muaj sia nyob, lawv poob lawv txoj kev puas siab puas ntsws yuav luag tag nrho, uas tus kab mob insidious hu ua "lub hlwb stealer". Qhov kev tshawb pom tias penicillin inhibits cov kab mob loj hlob thiab kev ua haujlwm tau cawm ntau txhiab tus neeg txoj sia thiab yuav cawm tau ntau lab nyiaj ntxiv. Ntau cov kab mob tau kov yeej nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb. Nws paub tias penicillin (los yog theej, pwm los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txawm tias pawg ntxhuav) tau kho txawm tias ua ntej kev tshawb pom. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog kev lees paub ntawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov kab mob ua rau muaj tshuaj tua kab mob rau txhua tus.

Penicillin inhibits DNA synthesis hauv cov kab mob
Penicillin inhibits DNA synthesis hauv cov kab mob

Penicillin siv hnub no

Txawm hais tias tom qab kev tshawb pom thawj zaug tshuaj tua kab mob, cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm ntau lub tebchaws tau tshawb pom thiabLwm pawg ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, kev siv penicillin yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo hauv kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Ntau cov kab mob gram-negative thiab gram-positive yog rhiab rau tus neeg sawv cev. Piv txwv li, cov kab mob streptococci thiab staphylococci, corynebacterium nyob rau hauv cov av thiab ua rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm pob khaus, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab mob txaus ntshai - diphtheria, microbes uas ua rau mob meningitis thiab mob ntsws, purulent kis tonsillitis thiab abscesses.

penicillin inhibits protein synthesis hauv cov kab mob
penicillin inhibits protein synthesis hauv cov kab mob

Yam tshuaj tua kab mob penicillin kho dab tsi

Peb muab cov npe ntawm cov kab mob uas paub zoo tshaj plaws uas niaj hnub no tau kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov kab mob penicillin (Amoxiclav thiab Ampicillin, Bicillin, Augmentin):

  • Scarlet fever.
  • mob tev tev (tonsillitis).
  • Pneumonia.
  • Anthrax.
  • Rheumatism.
  • Severe erysipelas.
  • Meningitis ntawm cov kab mob etiology.
  • Sepsis.
  • Staphylococcal thiab kab mob streptococcal.
  • Cov kab mob purulent ntawm kev raug mob los yog tom qab kev phais.

Raws li koj nkag siab, daim ntawv teev npe no tsis tiav. Staphylococcus ib leeg tuaj yeem ua ntau hom thiab ua rau ntau ntau yam kab mob sib txawv. Penicillin inhibits cov synthesis ntawm phab ntsa ntawm tes hauv cov kab mob, uas nres lawv cov kev tsim tawm, cuam tshuam lub neej voj voog.

penicillin inhibits cell phab ntsa synthesis hauv cov kab mob
penicillin inhibits cell phab ntsa synthesis hauv cov kab mob

txiaj ntsig ntawm Penicillin

Lwm qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob penicillin yog lawv cov nyhuv me me rau lub cevtus neeg. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog niaj hnub no qee zaum ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "sweep group" - thaum lawv nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, lawv rhuav tshem tag nrho cov microflora - ob qho tib si pathogenic thiab zoo, tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm txaus ntawm cov hnyuv thiab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Penicillin inhibits kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob, yog li ntawd, tom qab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab mob, cov kab mob yog qhov zoo, tsim nyog, nyob twj ywm, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub xeev kev nyuaj siab. Lawv qhov nyiaj tshuav yog ib qho yooj yim los kho nrog kev pab los ntawm fermented mis nyuj cov khoom los yog cov khoom muag tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm penicillin, txawm hais tias muaj coob tus hu cov tshuaj tua kab mob no tsis siv, yog siv tau, tab sis tsis mob, yog li nws raug sau tseg rau cov menyuam mos. Los ntawm txoj kev, staphylococcus, uas yav dhau los nyob hauv tsev kho mob poj niam thiab tsev kho mob thiab tau lees paub cov menyuam yaus lub neej, ua rau muaj kev phom sij tsawg ua tsaug rau penicillin.

Yuav ua li cas penicillin inhibits cov kab mob ua haujlwm
Yuav ua li cas penicillin inhibits cov kab mob ua haujlwm

Yuav ua li cas penicillin inhibits cov kab mob ua haujlwm

qhov kev kho no ua haujlwm li cas? Cia peb sim piav qhia txog nws cov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov uas Alexander Fleming tau pom hauv nws qhov chaw ua haujlwm ib puas xyoo dhau los.

Cov kab mob yog cov kab mob uas tiv taus ntau yam tsis zoo. Qee hom nyob ntsiag to hauv volcanic lava lossis dej khov arctic. Lawv nyob txhua qhov chaw - hauv av thiab dej, zaub mov, tsiaj plaub hau, ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Tab sis tsis tas yuav tsum ntshai thiab nkaum hauv chav tsis muaj menyuam - yog tias koj lub cev noj qab haus huv thiab muaj zog, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm tag nrho, ces koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai cov kab mob. Ntau tus ntawm lawv twb nyob ywj pheej nyob rau hauv peb lub cev thiab tau txais tsuas yog tom qab ib tug lojkev nyuaj siab los yog daws nws.

Thaum cov kab mob tawm tsam, muaj kev cawmdim - tshuaj tua kab mob. Piv txwv li, penicillin (suppresses DNA synthesis nyob rau hauv cov kab mob thiab cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob). Qhov no tshwm sim li cas? Ib zaug nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog nqa los ntawm cov hlab ntsha thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Lub foci ntawm tus kab mob tau kuaj pom sai sai los ntawm nws. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm "xa mus" ntawm microbes, penicillin nkag mus rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm cov kab mob thiab nres lawv cov synthesis. Cov kab mob plam muaj peev xwm pub thiab loj hlob, uas, raws li, ua rau lawv tuag.

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