Brain neurotransmitters yog cov khoom uas peb paub me ntsis txog, tab sis uas cuam tshuam rau peb lub neej zoo, peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub siab xav. Ua tsaug rau lawv, peb tuaj yeem txaus siab lossis ntxhov siab, ua haujlwm lossis so.
Dab tsi yog neurotransmitters?
Neurotransmitters yog cov tshuaj biochemical uas nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog xa cov impulses ntawm neurons. Ib qho impulse, hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, txhais tau tias cov ntaub ntawv, piv txwv li, phau ntawv qhia rau kev ua, yog tias nws tsim kev sib txuas ntawm cov neuron hauv lub hlwb thiab cov neuron hauv cov leeg nqaij.
Ntawd yog, neurotransmitter yog tus neeg nruab nrab koom nrog hauv kev sib kis ntawm impulses ntawm paj hlwb. Muaj peb lub tshuab neurotransmitter:
- Yamino acids;
- peptides;
- monamins.
Cov kws kho mob los ntawm txhua pab pawg cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb hauv ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov. Piv txwv li, txaus siab rau nws los yog qeeb qeeb.
Kev sib haum xeeb txaus siab
| Neurotransmitter | Qeb |
Impacts |
| YGlutamic acid | Amino acids | Nrog kev pab ntawm glutamate, ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov hlab ntsha impulses nyob rau hauv lub hlwb raug xa mus. Glutamic acid muab cov hlwb nrog lub zog, txhawb kev tsim ntawm lwm yam tshuaj, suav nrog neurotransmitters |
| Aspartic acid | Amino acids | Aspartate txhim kho kev xav, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev nkag siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab hauv cov txheej txheem kev kawm. Acid yog koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones poj niam txiv neej thiab kev loj hlob hormone |
| Adrenaline | Catecholamines | Adrenaline yog hu ua "cov tshuaj hormones kev ntxhov siab", vim nws ua rau lub cev ua haujlwm yog tias tsim nyog: nws ua rau lub plawv dhia, ua kom cov leeg nqaij, ua rau tus neeg ceeb toom thiab nquag, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab. Adrenaline kuj muaj cov nyhuv antiallergic |
| Norepinephrine | Catecholamines |
zoo li adrenaline, noradrenaline pab kom muaj sia nyob kev ntxhov siab. Cov khoom no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev npau taws, tsis muaj kev ntshai. Thaum tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej ntxhov siab, norepinephrine tswj lub zog. Norepinephrine tso cai rau koj kom muaj kev zoo siab tom qab muaj kev ntxhov siab - qhov hu ua kev pab, so |
YInhibitory neurotransmitters
| Neurotransmitter | Qeb | Impact |
| GABA | Amino acid | GABAmuaj cov nyhuv inhibitory ntawm cov paj hlwb. Cov tshuaj yog glumate antagonist, lawv qhov sib npaug hauv lub cev yog 60/40 hauv kev pom zoo ntawm glutamate. Nrog rau qhov piv txwv no, ib tug neeg zoo siab, tab sis nyob twj ywm. |
| YGlycine | Amino acid | Cov nyhuv inhibitory ntawm glycine yog vim qhov txo qis hauv kev tsim "ua kom" neurotransmitters |
| Histamine | Monamins | Muaj sedative, uas yog, sedative, hypnotic nyhuv. Histamine yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub cev los teb rau kev nkag mus ntawm tus neeg sawv cev txawv teb chaws. Hauv lwm lo lus, histamine ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj thaum xav tau |
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias neurotransmitter yog ib yam khoom uas tsim nyog rau kev xa cov paj hlwb, uas yog, cov ntaub ntawv. Yog tias peb xav txog ob lub neurons raws li kev sib txuas ntawm tib lub voj voog, ces cov neurotransmitter yog ib txoj hauv kev los txuas lawv ua ke.
Pleasure Hormones
Ntawm tag nrho cov neurotransmitters, serotonin thiab dopamine yog cov paub zoo tshaj plaws. Lawv hu ua "hormones ntawm kev txaus siab", tab sis tsis yog txhua tus paub tias lub ntsiab lus no txhais li cas.
Serotonin yog qhov tseeb ntawm kev txaus siab. Nws siab concentration nyob rau hauv lub cev ua rau ib tug neeg xav tias bliss, so, serene kev xyiv fab. Ntawd yog, nws tuaj yeem raug cais raws li neurotransmitter nrog cov nyhuv inhibitory.
Dopamine, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, induces ib tug neeg ua. Tab sis nws qhov txawv los ntawm lwm yam excitatory neurotransmitters yog tias nws yog tsim los txhawb rau kev ua ub no uas yuav ua rau muaj kev txaus siab rau tus neeg thaum tau txais qhov tshwm sim los yog ntawm txoj kev mus rau nws.
Qhov tseeb tseem ceeb yog tias cov tshuaj neurotransmitter no yog antagonists. Thaum ib tug neeg cov qib dopamine nce, serotonin poob. Piv txwv li, ib tug neeg npaj mus rau hauv kev ua kis las thiab ntseeg tias tom qab kev cob qhia nws yuav muaj kev zoo siab. Kev nce hauv dopamine yuav txhawb kom tus neeg pib ua haujlwm tam sim ntawd, nws yuav muaj kev ntxhov siab thaum ncua sijhawm.
Tom qab nws ua qhov nws xav tau (ua raws li kev npaj ua haujlwm), qib dopamine yuav poob, thiab serotonin, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yuav nce ntxiv. Thiab tus neeg ntawd yuav muaj peev xwm txaus siab rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tiav.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj tsis ua haujlwm rov qab. Ntawd yog, qib qis ntawm serotonin yuav tsis tas yuav ua rau muaj kev nce hauv dopamine.
Lwm cov neurotransmitters
Lwm cov tshuaj hormones thiab neurotransmitters tsis tau teev saum toj no yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab.
| Acetylcholine | Koom nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xa mus rau cov leeg nqaij |
| Anandamide | Ua ib feem ncaj qha hauv kev tsim ntawm qhov mob, kev nyuaj siab, apathy, qab los noj mov thiab lwm yam |
| taurine | muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj cardiotropic |
| Endocannabinoids | Ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li cov haujlwm ntawm acetylcholine thiab dopamine |
| N-Acetylaspartylglutamate | Koom tes hauv kev sib kis ntawm impulses, ib qho ntawm cov neurotransmitters ntau tshaj plaws hauv lub cev |
Qhov kev ua ntawm neurotransmitters xws li adenosine triphosphate, vasoactive plab hnyuv peptide thiab tryptamine tseem tsis tau qhia meej.
Ntau cov neurotransmitters hauv lub cev
Kev nkag siab txog dab tsi neurotransmitters yog, cov haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj no thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv lub cev, nws pom tseeb tias lawv cov nyiaj yuav tsum sib npaug thiaj li ua rau tib neeg xav zoo.
Piv txwv li, thaum qhov concentration ntawm serotonin txo qis, tus neeg xav tias tsis zoo siab, qaug zog, tsis muaj kev txhawb siab rau txhua yam haujlwm. Thiab tom qab ntawd ib lo lus nug ntuj tshwm sim: nws puas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg nruab nrab ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev?
Txoj cai ntawm tus lej ntawm cov neurotransmitters
Cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws, cov nyiaj hauv lub cev sim ua rau muaj ntau txoj hauv kev, yog cov tshuaj neurotransmitter serotonin.
Puas muaj peev xwm nce nws cov nyiaj hauv lub cev? Heev. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj tuaj yeem siv ib qho ntawm cov lus qhia hauv qab no.
- qib serotonin hauv lub cev tuaj yeem nce ntxiv los ntawm cov zaub mov, nrog txiv tsawb, chocolate, thiab citruses ua txoj hauv kev.
- Muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub cev ua sitib neeg thiab serotonin. Lub siab phem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev pab los ntawm lub zog load ntawm cov leeg. Tab sis qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb: hom kev cob qhia nws tus kheej yuav tsum zoo siab.
- Ntau cov serotonin ntau lawm tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj, yog li cov tib neeg nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws uas muaj pes tsawg hnub ntshiab prevails tshaj pos huab yuav tsis tshua muaj kev nyuaj siab.
- Kev zaws tuaj yeem nce serotonin. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv tauj tus kws kho mob zaws nrog txhua qhov kev txo qis hauv kev xav. Cov massagers zoo ib yam lossis ib qho yooj yim phau ntawv zaws uas tsis tas yuav muaj kev txawj ntse tuaj yeem pab tau.
Kwv yees li zoo li cov txheej txheem nce acetylcholine. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom ntxiv dag zog rau koj cov zaub mov nrog cov vitamins B4, kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua thiab koom nrog "kev cob qhia hlwb" - uas yog, ua haujlwm rau kev txawj ntse txaus nyiam.
Yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim tsis pab nce qib ntawm cov neurotransmitters, nws tsim nyog mus ntsib kws kho mob rau kev pab tshuaj.
Txoj cai ntawm neurotransmitters los ntawm tshuaj
Nws paub tias ntau yam kab mob hlwb thiab psychosomatic tsis muaj dab tsi tab sis tsis muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov neurotransmitters. Cov tshuaj tso cai rau koj los them rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm qee cov neurotransmitters thiab txo qhov concentration ntawm lwm tus.
Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb yog tag nrho cov tshuaj no nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub noj lawv tus kheej. Ua ntej, tag nrho cov tshuaj no muaj ntau yam zoo sib xws, thiab thib ob, lawv xav tau kev kho mob ntev. Thiab thaum kawg, ua ntej sau tshuaj, koj xav taunrhiav seb qhov twg neurotransmitter yog tsim nyob rau hauv tus nqi uas tsis nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj.
Yog li, neurotransmitter yog ib yam khoom uas nws qhov tseem ceeb tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees. Paub txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg nruab nrab hauv lub cev, koj tuaj yeem nkag siab txog cov laj thawj rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab ua haujlwm txhawm rau txhim kho lub neej zoo los ntawm kev cuam tshuam tus naj npawb ntawm cov neurotransmitters hauv lub paj hlwb.
