Hauv tib neeg lub cev, alkaline phosphatase yog lub luag haujlwm thauj phosphorus mus rau txhua lub hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws tus nqi yog ntau dua los yog tsawg. Yog hais tias alkaline phosphatase siab, qhov no qhia tau hais tias ua txhaum ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug pathological txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub cev.
Functions
Cov tshuaj no yog ib qho enzyme. Nws belongs rau pawg ntawm hydrolases. Alkaline phosphatase koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem dephosphorylation. Nws cais cov microelement los ntawm cov organic tshuaj thiab nqa nws los ntawm cov cell membranes. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev tau txais qhov tsim nyog ntawm phosphorus.
Cov enzyme yog nquag nquag hauv ib puag ncig nrog pH ntawm 8.6 lossis ntau dua. Qhov no yog vim li cas lo lus "alkaline" muaj nyob rau hauv nws lub npe.
nyob qhov twg
Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov enzyme yog pom nyob rau hauv plab hnyuv mucosa, placenta (thaum cev xeeb tub), cov qog mammary (thaum lactation),cov pob txha. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev muaj alkaline phosphatase. Hauv qhov no, nws tuaj yeem yog: plab hnyuv, lub siab, lub raum, placental thiab pob txha. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov enzyme muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntshav.
Qhia txog kev nce nqi
Kev nce qib ntawm alkaline phosphatase tuaj yeem tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm ob qho tib si physiological txheej txheem thiab cov kab mob loj.
Thaum ib tug neeg ntsib cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- kev ntxhov siab tas li;
- txo qis lossis ua tiav tsis qab los;
- mob hauv txoj cai hypochondrium;
- -ntu ntawm xeev siab;
- tsis xis nyob hauv pob qij txha thiab pob txha.
Qhov muaj cov xwm txheej zoo li no yog lub hauv paus rau kev mus ntsib tus kws kho mob. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav sau ib qho kev tshawb fawb, raws li cov txiaj ntsig uas nws yuav tuaj yeem ntsuas cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov xaus kuj qhia txog qhov concentration ntawm alkaline phosphatase.
Natural nature of growth rate
Lub siab ntawm cov enzyme tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov nce alkaline phosphatase txhais tau li cas hauv txhua kis yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias qhov nce ntawm qhov ntsuas tuaj yeem tshwm sim raws li cov hauv qab no:
- xeeb tub;
- lactation;
- menopause;
- kev siv lub cev hnyav;
- avitaminosis;
- kev noj haus tsis txaus;
- kev qaug cawv los ntawm kev haus cawv.
TsuasTsis tas li ntawd, nce alkaline phosphatase hauv cov ntshav tuaj yeem raug soj ntsuam tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev siv qee yam tshuaj mus ntev. Cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm qhov ntsuas yog dav, nws suav nrog ntau pua yam khoom. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev kho mob uas tau muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Kev siv tshuaj ntau ntxiv thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm yuav ua rau lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Kev nce siab hauv cov neeg laus
Feem ntau, qib ntawm cov enzyme nce nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm pathologies, thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub siab puas lawm.
Txhua yam ua rau siab alkaline phosphatase yog conditionally muab faib ua ob peb pawg:
- Kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev puas tsuaj lossis kev puas tsuaj ntawm daim siab hlwb. Qhov no kuj suav nrog cov kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev nyuaj ntawm cov kua tsib.
- Pathologies ntawm pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg.
- Lwm yam kab mob.
Thawj pab pawg muaj xws li cov hauv qab no pathologies:
- Cirrhosis. Qhov no yog ib qho txheej txheem uas tshwm sim los ntawm inhibition ntawm daim siab ua haujlwm. Qhov no yog vim hloov cov caws pliav ib txwm.
- kab mob siab. Feem ntau, alkaline phosphatase nce siab hauv autoimmune thiab kab mob ntawm tus kab mob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qib ntawm cov enzyme nce 3 zaug.
- Malignant neoplasms. Cov qog tuaj yeem yog thawj, uas yog, nyob hauv daim siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ua rau muaj kev nce hauv alkaline phosphatase tuaj yeem yog qhov nkag mus ntawm metastases rau hauv lub cev (mob qog noj ntshav thib ob).
- YCholangitis. Nws yog kab mob siabxwm txheej. Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, portal hypertension thiab siab tsis ua haujlwm tshwm sim.
- biliary cirrhosis (primary). Pathology yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cholangitis. Nyob rau hauv nws lub xub ntiag, alkaline phosphatase yog nce ntau - 4 zaug. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txawm tias tom qab ua tiav rov qab los, qhov taw qhia txo qis thaum lub sijhawm.
- kis kab mob mononucleosis. Qhov no yog ib tug kab mob pathology ntawm ib tug mob xwm. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau daim siab hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntshav hloov pauv.
- Tsim cov pob zeb hauv cov ducts.
- Cholestasis. Qhov no yog kab mob pathological uas cov kua tsib tsim los ntawm daim siab stagnates.
Yog tias alkaline phosphatase nce siab hauv cov ntshav, qhov no yuav qhia tau tias muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov pob txha. Feem ntau ua rau muaj kev nce qib ntawm cov enzyme yog cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- Osteomalacia. Qhov no yog ib tug pathology ntawm ib tug systemic xwm, yam ntxwv los ntawm softening ntawm cov pob txha, raws li zoo raws li lawv deformation. Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, cov vitamins tseem ceeb thiab microelements raug ntxuav tawm ntawm lub cev.
- Page's disease. Qhov no yog ib qho mob hnyav heev. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho cov pob txha, vim tias nws ua rau tsis muaj zog, ua rau deformation thiab kev puas tsuaj.
- Osteogenic sarcoma. Qhov no yog ib tug thawj neoplasm ntawm ib tug malignant xwm. Cov qog tsim thiab loj hlob tob hauv cov pob txha.
- Metastases los ntawm lwm lub cev.
Ntxiv rau, alkaline phosphatase nce ntxiv thaum kho pob txha tom qab pob txha.
Lwm yam kab mobnws qhov ntsuas tau nce:
- YHyperparathyroidism (primary).
- Ulcerative colitis.
- mob plawv mob plawv.
- Perforation ntawm plab hnyuv phab ntsa.
Txheeb cais, kab mob siab tshaj plaws yog qhov ua rau siab alkaline phosphatase.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Qib ntawm cov enzyme hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus menyuam ib txwm siab dua li tus neeg laus. Qhov xwm txheej no txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum pib ntawm kev puberty. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, nws yog ib txwm hais txog cov txheej txheem physiological uas muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha.
Deviation ntawm qhov taw qhia upwards kuj tseem qhia tau tias muaj cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- xav;
- kis kab mob mononucleosis;
- pob txha puas (nrog rau cov qog nqaij hlav malignant);
- hyperparathyroidism;
- mob plab;
- Page's disease.
Diagnosis
Yog tias cov alkaline phosphatase nce siab hauv tus menyuam, tus kws kho mob yuav xa mus rau tus kws kho mob plab. Hauv cov neeg laus, thawj qhov kev kuaj mob tuaj yeem ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob.
txhawm rau kuaj pom kab mob, tus kws kho mob tau sau cov kev tshawb fawb hauv qab no:
- Tshuaj ntsuam ntshav, quav thiab zis. Qib ntawm alkaline phosphatase yog txiav txim siab hauv biomaterial.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas isoenzymes hauv cov ntshav ntshav lossis kua dej amniotic (hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub).
- Kev ntsuas ntawm alkaline phosphatase kev ua haujlwm hauv cov kua txiv ntawm cov hnyuv.
Ib txwm yog cov hauv qab notus nqi (qhia hauv IU/L):
- Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 10 - 150-350.
- Tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog 10 txog 19 xyoo - 155-500.
- Cov neeg laus qis dua 50 - 30-120.
- Tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog 50 txog 75 xyoo - 110-135.
- Cov neeg laus (tshaj 75) - 165-190.
Yuav kom nkag siab tias lub cev twg koom nrog cov txheej txheem pathological, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau cov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no yog kev tshuaj xyuas rau alanine aminotransferase thiab aspartate aminotransferase. Yog hais tias, tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev nce hauv alkaline phosphatase, lawv cov nqi ib txwm yog deviated upwards, qhov no qhia tias daim siab puas. Yog tias kev txheeb xyuas ntawm tus neeg mob cov khoom siv biomaterial pom tias muaj phosphorus thiab calcium ntau ntxiv, nws yog ib txwm hais txog cov kab mob ntawm cov pob txha.
Yog li, raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob nyuaj, nws yuav paub meej tias qhov kev txhim kho pathology provoked nce qib ntawm cov enzyme.
Kev kho mob
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias qhov sib txawv ntawm alkaline phosphatase index upwards tsis yog ib qho kab mob ywj pheej. Qhov no tsuas yog cov tsos mob uas qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob. Hauv qhov no, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom normalize qib ntawm enzyme hauv cov ntshav yam tsis tau tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv qab.
Feem ntau, qhov nce hauv alkaline phosphatase qhia tias daim siab puas. Nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm lub cev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj haus kom nruj kom muab nws nrog kev ua haujlwm so. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum tsis suav cov qhob cij tshiab, cov khoom siv hmoov nplej, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qaub thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, legumes, nqaij rog los ntawm kev noj zaub mov,carbonated thiab cawv haus, txuj lom, chocolate. Tag nrho cov tais diav yuav tsum tau boiled, stewed, ci los yog steamed. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob tau pom tias noj tshuaj tsim los kho lub siab ua haujlwm ntawm lub siab (hepatoprotectors).
Txawm hais tias pathology ua rau nce qib ntawm cov enzyme, nws txoj kev kho yuav tsum nruj me ntsis raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob. Qhov no yuav txo tau lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho mob thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem xa tus neeg mob mus rau kev kho mob ntxiv rau cov kws kho mob nqaim - kws kho mob plab, kws kho mob orthopedist, oncologist, kws phais mob, kws kho plawv.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Tsis muaj kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological. Txhawm rau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov tshwm sim, nws raug pom zoo:
- Saib cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj qab haus huv: tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv, noj kom raug.
- Yog tias muaj kab mob tshwm sim, tsis txhob kho tus kheej. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsuas yog noj raws li kws kho mob qhia.
- Tsis tu ncua mus kuaj kev tiv thaiv. Qhov no tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas cov kab mob nyob rau theem pib.
Nyob hauv kaw
Alkaline phosphatase yog enzyme lub luag haujlwm xa phosphorus rau lub cev hlwb. Raws li txoj cai, nws qhov taw qhia hloov tsuas yog tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev loj hlob. Yog tias kev kuaj ntshav qhia tias alkaline phosphatase nce siab, nws yog dab tsi?txhais tau tias? Qhov tshwm sim no yog ib qho kev ceeb toom, vim tias qhov nce hauv qib ntawm cov enzyme feem ntau qhia tau hais tias muaj kab mob ntawm daim siab, cov pob txha pob txha lossis cov kua tsib. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas tus kab mob hauv qab no, yuav tsum muaj kev kuaj mob dav dav.
