Ib zaug dhau los, kev txhim kho ntawm penicillin yooj yim tshaj plaws los ua panacea rau ntau yam kab mob ntawm cov kab mob, los ntawm cov neeg feem ntau tuag. Txij thaum ntawd los, noob neej tau nce mus rau lwm lub xyoo txhiab thiab tau tsim ntau cov tshuaj tua kab mob, ob qho tib si dav-spectrum thiab rhiab rau qee hom kab mob. Ib qho ntawm cov no yog Arlet. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov tshuaj no muaj cov ntaub ntawv tiav txog tag nrho nws cov khoom.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog amoxicillin trihydrate (raws li amoxicillin tau ntim ntawm 250, 500, 875 mg) thiab potassium clavulanate (ntim - 125 mg ntawm clavulanic acid). Thawj cov tshuaj yog penicillin los ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm semi-synthetic, characterized los ntawm ib tug dav teb ntawm antibacterial kev ua si. Qhov thib ob tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj yogIb qho irreversible beta-lactamase inhibitor.
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau cov khoom pabcuam suav nrog hauv cov tshuaj "Arlet". Cov lus qhia rau kev siv, cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov tshuaj tau coj mus rau cov neeg siv khoom paub tias cov tub ntxhais muaj qhov hnyav molecular povidone, pregelatinized starch, calcium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose thiab talc. Thiab qhov ntawd tsis yog tag nrho.
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog tsim los ntawm hypromellose, propylene glycol thiab polyethylene glycol 4000 (los yog macrogol 4000), titanium dioxide. Qhov hnyav ntawm ib ntsiav tshuaj Arlet (cov lus qhia rau kev siv muaj cov ntaub ntawv no) yog 600, 1100 lossis 1600 mg.
Pharmacodynamics
Raws li tau hais ua ntej, "Arlet" yog ib qho ntawm amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid. Cov tom kawg tsim ib tug ruaj khov inactivated complex nrog beta-lactamases (cov kab mob enzymes, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv beta-lactam tshuaj tua kab mob, feem ntau siv rau tshuaj tua kab mob antimicrobial - cephalosporin, penicillin, thiab lwm yam). Beta-lactamases yog lub luag haujlwm tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv tsis tu ncua rau cov tshuaj saum toj no.
Los ntawm nws tus kheej, clavulanic acid, nws cov qauv zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj beta-lactam, yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov kua qaub nyob hauv cov tshuaj "Arlet" tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm amoxicillin thiab ua rau kom muaj peev xwm ntawm nws cov kab mob tua kab mob, suav nrog. Cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob uas, raws li cov txheej txheem, tiv taus cov teebmeem ntawm amoxicillin, lwm yam tshuaj los ntawm pawg penicillins thiab cephalosporins.
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob "Arlet" cov lus qhia rau kev siv tswj raws li cov tshuaj uas muaj thaj tsam dav. Nws yog nquag tawm tsam cov kab mob uas raug rau amoxicillin (tsis suav nrog cov uas ua ke beta-lactamase). Cov no suav nrog ntau tus Gram-positive thiab Gram-negative aerobes thiab anaerobes.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv Arlet
Thaj chaw muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob tua kab mob yog qhov dav heev, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntau tus kab mob ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv. "Arlet" cov lus qhia rau kev siv tso cai rau koj siv los tshem tawm cov teeb meem nrog cov kab mob ua pa sab saud thiab cov kab mob ENT. Hauv particular, peb tab tom tham txog cov mob thiab mob ntev ntawm sinusitis thiab otitis media, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, abscesses nyob rau hauv lub pharynx. Cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub ntsws, uas suav nrog bronchitis (mob ntev thiab mob, nrog rau cov kab mob superinfection) thiab mob ntsws.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov no tsis yog txhua qhov chaw uas Arlet tau thov. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv, kev piav qhia ntawm cov tshuaj qhia txog nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob genitourinary thiab cov plab hnyuv siab raum. Cov kab mob xws li pyelonephritis, prostatitis thiab urethritis, endometritis thiab vaginitis ntawm tus kab mob, septic rho menyuam, gonorrhea, thiab lwm yam.
Kuj zooCov tshuaj tua kab mob cuam tshuam rau kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov nqaij mos ntawm ntau lub hauv paus chiv keeb (abscesses, cellulitis, erysipelas, impetigo, qhov txhab qhov txhab thiab rov kis kab mob dermatoses). "Arlet" tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev kho cov pob txha thiab cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas, hauv kev kho cov kab mob biliary (cholecystitis, cholangitis), nrog rau cov kab mob odontogenic, rau kev tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv kev phais, tom qab kev phais.
Kev noj tshuaj thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm daim ntawv thov
Rau cov tshuaj Arlet, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab koob tshuaj yog teem rau tus kheej, thiab nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog, qhov hnyav, lub raum mob thiab qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob. Yuav kom txo qis qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo los ntawm txoj hnyuv, nws yuav tsum tau noj cov ntsiav tshuaj ua ntej noj mov, tag nrho, tsis zom thiab ntxuav nrog dej.
Cov neeg mob hnub nyoog 12 xyoos lossis hnyav dua 40 kg nrog mob me thiab nruab nrab noj ib ntsiav tshuaj (250 mg ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb) peb zaug ib hnub lossis ob zaug ib hnub (500 mg ntawm amoxicillin). Rau qhov mob hnyav, noj ib koob tshuaj sib npaug rau 500 mg ntawm amoxicillin peb zaug ib hnub lossis 875 mg ob zaug ib hnub.
Cov neeg mob hnub nyoog 6 txog 12 xyoos "Arlet" cov lus qhia rau kev siv pom zoo siv 1 kg ntawm lub cev hnyav: amoxicillin - 20-30 mg, clavulanic acid - 5-7, 5 mg. Cov koob tshuaj niaj hnub rau cov neeg mob no yog 1 ntsiav tshuaj (250 mg) ob zaug lossis peb zaug ib hnub lossis 1 ntsiav tshuaj (500 mg) ob zaug ib hnub. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, koob tshuaj yuav raug muab faib ua ob npaug.
Rau cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, cov koob tshuaj thiab zaus ntawm kev tswj hwm raug kho nyob ntawm qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm creatine. Rau cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm anuria, nws raug nquahu kom nce lub sijhawm ntawm koob tshuaj mus rau 48 teev lossis ntau dua. Rau cov neeg mob ntawm hemodialysis, tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj raug xaiv raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm amoxicillin.
Cov neeg muaj lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo yuav tsum tau kho nrog kev ceev faj nrog Arlet. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv (kev paub daws teeb meem), kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb pom zoo saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm lub cev no tas li.
Tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ntau npaum li cas rau cov neeg mob laus.
Side effects
Cov npe tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim muaj cov lus qhia siv rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob Arlet. Kev kho mob (kev tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob paub meej) nrog cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm lub plab zom mov hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev tsis qab los noj mov, xeev siab, ntuav, raws plab. Qee zaum, koj tuaj yeem hnov txog kev ua txhaum ntawm daim siab, txawm tias tsawg dua - hais txog kev txhim kho cholestatic jaundice, kab mob siab, pseudomembranous colitis.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub hauv paus paj hlwb rau kev siv cov tshuaj "Arlet" tuaj yeem ua rau mob taub hau thiab kiv taub hau, hyperactivity (hauv daim ntawv thim rov qab) thiab kev ua ub ua no.
Cov kab mob hematopoietic tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov tsos mob ntawm leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis. Lub sij hawm Prothrombin tuaj yeem nce ntxiv (qhov no, cov txheej txheem rov qab tuaj yeem hloov tau). Crystalluria thiab interstitial nephritis - qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev siv tshuaj nrogsab ntawm lub urinary system.
Daim ntawv teev cov kev ua xua tshwm sim rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob "Arlet" yog qhov dav heev. Kev qhia, kev piav qhia ntawm cov tshuaj qhia rau cov neeg siv khoom txog kev txhim kho ntawm khaus, urticaria, erythematous pob. Qee zaum, koj tuaj yeem hnov txog cov tsos mob ntawm erythema multiforme exudative, angioedema, anaphylactic shock. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ib qho kev tshwm sim ntawm kev phiv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm Stevens-Johnson syndrome thiab exfoliative dermatitis.
Contraindications rau kev siv "Arlet"
Daim ntawv teev cov laj thawj uas txwv tsis pub siv tshuaj tua kab mob muaj cov lus qhia siv rau cov tshuaj Arlet. Contraindications txwv tsis pub noj rau cov neeg mob uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ib tug neeg hypersensitivity rau lub ntsiab thiab auxiliary Cheebtsam ntawm cov tshuaj, rau lwm yam beta-lactam antibacterial agents (penicillins, cephalosporins, thiab lwm yam). Arlet kuj tsis raug sau tseg rau cov neeg uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm daim siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo thaum kho nrog amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid ua ke. Cov tshuaj yog contraindicated rau cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm mononucleosis thiab lymphocytic leukemia, raws li zoo raws li qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm exanthema nce.
Yog vim li cas tsis kam kho cov tshuaj tua kab mob no yog lub raum tsis ua haujlwm thiab cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 6 xyoo.
Raws li cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, lawv tsuas tuaj yeem noj Arlet thaum qhov txiaj ntsig rau leej niam yog qhov tsis lees paub ntau dua qhov kev pheej hmoo rau tus menyuam hauv plab. Nrog lactationCov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj nkag mus rau hauv cov mis nyuj me me, yog li koj yuav tsum tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob cov lus nug txog kev tsis pub niam mis.
Nyob zoo
Cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov - qhov no yog pab pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm kev noj ntau dhau ntawm Arlet (cov ntsiav tshuaj). Cov lus qhia rau kev siv, cov neeg mob tshuaj xyuas qhia ntuav, raws plab, mob plab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xwm txheej xws li insomnia thiab kiv taub hau, kev ntxhov siab tuaj yeem ua tau. Tsis tshua muaj neeg hnov txog qaug dab peg.
Thaum cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntau dhau, qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau tus neeg mob yog nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Kev kho mob hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no yog cov tsos mob.
Yog tias qhov tseeb ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj loj uas tsis txaus ntseeg tau tshwm sim tsis pub dhau 4 teev dhau los, nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav lub plab thiab noj cov tshuaj nqus dej (piv txwv li, activated charcoal) thiaj li txo qhov nqus tau. Hemodialysis yuav ua tau zoo tshem tawm amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid ntawm lub cev.
Kev sib tham nrog lwm yam tshuaj thiab tshuaj
Nrog rau qhov sib npaug ntawm "Arlet" thiab "Methotrexate", cov tshuaj toxicity tom kawg yuav nce ntxiv. Kev nqus yuav txo qis thiab qeeb qeeb thaum kho nrog antacids, glucosamine, aminoglycosides. Ascorbic acid, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yuav ua rau kom nqus tau - cov ntaub ntawv no muaj nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia rau kev siv ntawm Arlet tshuaj tua kab mob.
Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj hloov pauv hauvnyob ntawm qhov ntau npaum thiab cheeb tsam, tab sis lawv muaj nyob rau ntau yam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob, thiab tsis txhob siv nws tus kheej ua ke siv tshuaj tua kab mob nrog rau lwm yam tshuaj.
"Arlet" txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm indirect coagulants los ntawm inhibiting plab hnyuv microflora, txo zus tau tej cov vitamin K thiab txo cov prothrombin Performance index. Thaum noj nyob rau hauv parallel nrog cov tshuaj anticoagulant, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom saib xyuas cov ntshav txhaws tsis tu ncua. Txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj.
NSAIDs, diuretics thiab lwm yam tshuaj uas ua rau txo qis tubular secretion nce cov ntshav ntawm amoxicillin.
Tandem "Arlet" nrog "Allopurine" tuaj yeem ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm exanthema. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob bactericidal ua rau muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev ua, thiab cov tshuaj nrog cov txheej txheem bacteriostatic ntawm kev txiav txim ua rau antagonism.
Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb
Vim qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj Arlet (cov lus qhia rau kev siv muaj cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no) nrog cov koob tshuaj sib txawv ntawm amoxicillin, txawm li cas los xij, suav nrog tib tus nqi ntawm clavulanic acid (125 mg), nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias ob ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 250 mg ntawm amoxicillin tsis yog txhua qhov sib npaug ntawm 1 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 500 mg ntawm cov tshuaj no.
Nws tseem yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias qhov ntau ntawm amoxicillin tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo lus teb thaum txiav txim siab qib qabzib hauv cov zis yog tias cov cuab yeej xws li reagent siv rau kev tshuaj xyuas. Benedict lossis Felling txoj kev daws teeb meem. Nws yog qhov zoo dua yog tias siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzymatic nrog glucosidase.
Thaum siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov chav kawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob hematopoietic, daim siab, thiab ob lub raum. "Arlet" nyob rau hauv cov nqi pom zoo tsis cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm tsav tsheb thiab ua haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab nce nrawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv psychomotor.
Tus nqi ntau thiab cov neeg siv kev xav txog cov tshuaj
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov ua tau ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau "Arlet" (cov ntsiav tshuaj) cov lus qhia rau kev siv. Tus nqi, raws li tau hais ua ntej, nyob ntawm qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab thaj chaw uas cov tshuaj tau yuav. Piv txwv li, zaj duab xis-coated ntsiav tshuaj ntawm ib koob ntawm 875 mg + 125 mg nyob rau hauv Moscow tuaj yeem muas tau rau tus nqi ntawm 270 rubles rau 310 (14 daim ib pob). Hauv St. Petersburg, tib pob yuav raug nqi 278-282 rubles.
Raws li kev xav ntawm cov neeg mob txog cov tshuaj, muaj cov lus pom zoo thiab tsis zoo txog cov tshuaj. Ib pawg neeg mob loj hais txog qhov ua tau zoo hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ENT thiab cov kab mob ua pa sab saud. Cov tshuaj tau zoo thiab sai sai tiv nrog sinusitis, thiab lub sij hawm ntawm remission yog heev ntev. Nws cov txiaj ntsig hauv kev kho cov kab mob kab mob kuj tau lees paub los ntawm cov neeg mob tshuaj xyuas.
Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis zoo txog cov tshuaj Arlet feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov neeg mobhypersensitivity rau cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tib neeg feem ntau tham txog qhov txawv txav hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov, xws li: dyspepsia, xeev siab thiab ntuav, raws plab. Yuav luag tsis muaj ntaub ntawv hais txog kev sib txawv loj dua.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog hais tias yog tias tus kab mob no tau muab tshuaj los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tuaj koom thiab qhov koob tshuaj zoo raug xaiv los ntawm nws, txhua hom kev sib txawv ntawm sab yog qhov tsawg heev. Yog tias muaj qee yam zoo li no tau tshwm sim, tus kws kho mob yuav xaiv ib qho analog uas zoo sib xws hauv cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev ua tau zoo, txij li lub khw muag tshuaj Lavxias yog saturated nrog tshuaj tua kab mob nrog ntau yam teebmeem.
