Lub hom phiaj ntawm tsab xov xwm no yog los kawm txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov cell - potassium - hauv cov metabolism hauv tib neeg lub cev. Peb kuj tseem yuav pom tias kev noj cov poov tshuaj thiab magnesium txhua hnub yuav ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov kabmob tseem ceeb thiab lub cev lub cev ntawm peb lub cev.
Biochemistry, nws txoj haujlwm thiab kev cia siab
Nyob hauv lub neej txhua hnub, peb feem ntau siv cov lus xws li: "Qhov no yuav tsum noj vim nws noj qab nyob zoo." Muaj tag nrho cov kev tshawb fawb tom qab cov lus tshaj tawm, uas muab cov lus teb rau cov lus nug txog kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv, raws li cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj nyob hauv cov khoom noj. Biochemistry kawm txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov metabolism thiab ua lub hauv paus rau lub hnub nyoog physiology, kev noj haus thiab kev tu cev ntawm zaub mov. Nws txoj hauj lwm yog los kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm kev sib txuam thiab kev sib cais, nrog rau kev qhia lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, xws li sodium, potassium, magnesium, chlorine hauv cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlwb thiab tib neeg lub cev tag nrho. Dietology, raws li kev tshawb fawb biochemical, txiav txim siab tias pes tsawg hnub ntawm poov tshuaj, hlau, sulfurthiab lwm cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej qib ntawm cov metabolism.
Elementary tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov kab mob nyob
Cov kws tshawb fawb-biochemists tau ua pov thawj tias cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu thiab tib neeg muaj feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm D. Mendeleev lub rooj hauv lawv lub hlwb. Potassium thiab magnesium, tus nqi uas peb tab tom txiav txim siab, yog macronutrients, uas yog, lawv cov ntsiab lus hauv hlwb yog siab. Cia peb nyob ntawm lawv cov dej num hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv thiab nrhiav seb qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov poov tshuaj txhua hnub rau ib tus neeg yuav yog dab tsi.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov poov tshuaj hauv kev thauj cov tshuaj hla cov cell membranes
Y Txhawm rau txiav txim siab lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov poov tshuaj hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm ions los ntawm cov membrane cell bilayer, qhov taw qhia xws li permeability coefficient P yog siv. lipid txheej thiab diffusion coefficient D. Piv txwv li, lub pores ntawm tib neeg erythrocyte daim nyias nyias yog xaiv rau poov tshuaj ions, thiab lawv permeability coefficient yog 4 pm / s. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tsis tshua muaj permeability ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm cov txheej txheem ntev tshaj plaws ntawm cov neurocyte, lub axon, yog tag nrho nyob ntawm cov poov tshuaj raws. Txawm hais tias nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lawv tuaj yeem hla lwm cov ions, tab sis nrog cov nqi qis ntawm cov permeability coefficient dua cov poov tshuaj. Raws li cov lus hais saum toj no, nws paub meej tias lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov poov tshuaj ua haujlwm li cas hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb, qhov nruab nrab txhua hnub yog 2 grams, thiab rau cov neeg uas koom nrog kev ua haujlwm hnyav - los ntawm 2.5 mus rau 5 g.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov poov tshuaj ions ntawm kev ua haujlwmkab mob plawv
Txhua cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha tam sim no tseem ceeb heev vim tias muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau ntxiv, kev nce hauv lub neej, kev coj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo (kev haus luam yeeb, cawv ntawm cov pejxeem). Qhov tshwm sim ntawm angina pectoris, kab mob ischemic, kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv nres thiab mob stroke yog tam sim no siab heev. Potassium, cov cai niaj hnub uas nkag mus rau peb lub cev feem ntau nrog cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tsiaj: ntses, nqaij nyug, mis nyuj, normalizes ntshav siab, tswj myocardial innervation. Qhov no pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub plawv arrhythmias: arrhythmias thiab tachycardia. Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los txo qhov tseeb tias cov macronutrient muaj nyob hauv ntau cov nroj tsuag uas ua zaub mov rau peb, xws li: hauv qos yaj ywm - 420 mg, beets - 155 mg, hauv cabbage - 148 mg (ib 100 g ntawm cov khoom).
Nyob zoo tus khub potassium - magnesium
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nrog rau cov poov tshuaj, magnesium ions kuj tsim nyog rau cov cell metabolism. Lawv yog cov macronutrients thiab feem ntau ua raws li cov synergists hauv biochemical tshuaj. Magnesium, zoo li cov poov tshuaj, cov qauv niaj hnub uas siab heev (los ntawm 0.8 mus rau 1.2 g), tswj lub suab ntawm cov leeg pob txha, lub plawv ua haujlwm, tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov teeb meem hauv lub paj hlwb, yog li ob qho tib si macronutrients yog siv los tiv thaiv insomnia, chim siab, ntshai tej yam uas tshwm sim los ntawm poov tshuaj thiab magnesium deficiency.
Ob leegmacronutrients nkag mus rau hauv cov zaub mov nrog cov khoom noj xws li mov, buckwheat, legumes, daim siab thiab nqaij qaib nqaij, nrog rau cov dej qab zib. Kev noj cov zaub mov tsis tu ncua yuav pab txhawb qhov tsis muaj cov poov tshuaj hauv tib neeg lub cev.
Hnub nyoog thiab kev sib deev sib txawv hauv macronutrient dosage
Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej lawm, ob qho tib si kab kawm - magnesium thiab poov tshuaj (ib hnub twg ntawm 2 mus rau 4 grams ib hnub) - cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov pob txha thiab pab txhawb rau nws txoj kev loj hlob thiab kho. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum yau. Yuav kom tau txais qhov xav tau ntawm cov poov tshuaj (los ntawm 0.15 mus rau 0.3 g ib hnub), txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog apricots, bananas, thiab strawberries, yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam txoj kev noj haus. Hauv qhov ntau txaus, tus menyuam yuav tsum haus kefir, yogurt, nqaij qaib thiab qe. Txij li thaum tus me nyuam lub cev loj hlob sai, ib hnub zoo cellular tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm poov tshuaj yog tsim nyog. Cov ions ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj no koom nrog hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov protein, glycogen, tsim cov khoom tsis zoo ntawm cov ntshav, thiab tseem muab cov hlab ntsha impulses thiab cov leeg nqaij. Nws tuaj yeem hais nrog qhov laj thawj zoo tias tag nrho cov haujlwm no tau ua los ntawm potassium. Nws cov cai niaj hnub rau cov menyuam yaus yog 460 mg. Cov tshuaj no tseem xav tau los txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv ntawm poj niam lub cev. Txog li peb grams ntawm poov tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab txhua hnub. Muab qhov tseeb hais tias qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev ua haujlwm feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov txiv neej, rau lawv qhov xav tau ntawm cov poov tshuaj txhua hnub yuav tsum txog li 5 grams.
Dietitiansceeb toom tias kev siv cov suab thaj ua kom zoo, kas fes, cawv txwv tsis pub nqus cov poov tshuaj los ntawm cov khoom noj uas tau nkag mus rau hauv plab hnyuv. Macronutrient deficiency tuaj yeem kov yeej los ntawm kev siv cov vitamin-mineral complexes, xws li Duovit, Supradin, los yog qhia cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, walnuts, taub dag noob rau hauv cov zaub mov ntawm cov neeg uas muaj cwj pwm phem. Qhov no yuav tsum xyuas kom meej qhov kev noj cov poov tshuaj txhua hnub. Hauv qhuav apricots, nws cov ntsiab lus yog 2.034 g ib 100 g ntawm cov khoom. Qhov ntim no yuav tsum tau muab faib ua ob peb pluas noj, thiab tsis txhob noj ib zaug, txwv tsis pub cov tsos mob ntawm dyspepsia tuaj yeem pom. Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog lub nrov ntawm ib tug active txoj kev ua neej, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim cov khoom noj uas zoo tshaj plaws sib npaug qhov xav tau magnesium thiab poov tshuaj nyob rau hauv peb lub cev. Qhov no yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov kev taw qhia rau hauv cov zaub mov ntawm yooj yim digestible protein-zaub mixs uas tsis yuav tsum tau mus rau lub sij hawm ntev kev kho cua sov thiab yog steamed. Lawv muaj qhov xav tau ntawm cov poov tshuaj txhua hnub hauv grams - los ntawm 3 txog 4.7, nrog rau qhov tsim nyog ntawm magnesium, calcium, hlau thiab kab kawm.
Vim li cas zaub mov yuav tsum ua kom tiav
Yuav ua li cas yog tias peb lub cev ntsib kev tsis txaus lossis ntau dhau ntawm cov ntsiab lus xws li magnesium thiab potassium? Lawv cov kev cai niaj hnub, peb nco qab, yuav tsum yog 1.8-2 g thiab 3-4.7 g, feem. Cov kab mob hauv lub cev tsis zoo, kev puas siab puas ntsws, kub siab tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom xws li potassium. Nws cov cai txhua hnub yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 4.7 grams, txwv tsis pub ib tug neegkuaj mob polyuria, mob plawv thiab ob lub raum.
