Prediabetes yog cov tsos mob ntawm kev tsis haum cov piam thaj, uas ib tus neeg tsis mob ntshav qab zib, tab sis tsis yog ntawm cov neeg noj qab haus huv. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm physiology, pancreatic dysfunction pib nyob rau theem no. Cov tshuaj insulin yog tsim, tsuas yog tsawg dua qhov tsim nyog.
Txoj kev kuaj mob
Prediabetes yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qib qab zib me ntsis tom qab noj mov. Glucose load yuav tsum muaj kev nce hauv insulin ntau lawm, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov txiav txiav tsis tso cai rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj hormones xav tau. Muaj 2 txoj hauv kev los xav tias qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob prediabetes siv cov kev kuaj sim.
Thawj yog raws li tus neeg mob noj cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas muaj 75 g ntawm cov piam thaj ntshiab. Tom qab ob peb teev, ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 7.8 mmol / l. Yog tias qhov ntsuas tau txiav txim siab tsis pub dhau 7.8-11 mmol / l, muaj qhov chaw ua rau mob ntshav qab zib. Qhov thib ob txoj hauv kev los txheeb xyuas tus kab mob yog ntsuas glycated hemoglobin ntau lub hlis. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov nqi yuav txawv ntawm 5.5-6.1%,uas yog qhov tshwm sim nruab nrab ntawm cov neeg noj qab haus huv thiab cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.
Risk factors
Mob ntshav qab zib tshwm sim rau ntau yam, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov cim ceeb toom hauv lub sijhawm. Cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob prediabetes:
- tshaj 45;
- overweight;
- nrog caj ces predisposition;
- nrog kev tawm dag zog me ntsis;
- muaj ntshav qab zib gestational hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub;
- ze ze rau Asmeskas, Khab Khab thiab Pacific Islanders.
Cov uas ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem saum toj no yuav tsum ua li cas? Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau lwm yam kev tsis txaus siab thiab sab laj nrog kws kho mob. Tus kab mob no yooj yim kho nrog tshuaj, noj zaub mov zoo thiab ua neej nyob.
Cov tsos mob Prediabetes
Muaj ntau yam tsos mob ntshav qab zib uas paub hauv zej zog. Ntawm lawv, kev tsis txaus siab ntawm kev nqhis dej tas li, pruritus thiab tso zis ntau zaus feem ntau txawv. Tsawg dua yog cov tsos mob xws li:
- insomnia;
- kev tsis pom kev tsis pom kev;
- mob plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha;
- poob phaus;
- mob taub hau thiab ceg ceg.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab qhia ncaj qha yog ntshav qab zib siab. Hauv kev mob ntshav qab zib hom II ua ntej, kev kuaj pom hauv chav kuaj muaj li ntawm 5.5 txog 6.9 mmol / L.
Kev kho mob
Yuav ua li cas thaum qhov kev kuaj mob tsis zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov kev txav mus los - prediabetes? Cov tsos mobtwb ua rau lawv tus kheej xav, qhov kev tshawb fawb tau lees paub qhov kev ntshai. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum ua siab ntev, prediabetes tuaj yeem daws tau. Kev kho mob yog complex. Ntxiv nrog rau cov tshuaj uas tus kws kho mob endocrinologist yuav pom zoo kom noj, nco ntsoov ua raws li kev noj qab haus huv. Yuav tsum tau:
- nyob ntawm kev noj zaub mov (8 lossis 9);
- nce lub cev ua si;
- Txhob tus cwj pwm phem;
- coj txhua lub zog los tawm tsam qhov hnyav dhau.
Ib yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob yog kev noj zaub mov kom raug. Cov zaub mov noj qab haus huv tuaj yeem rov ua haujlwm ntawm cov txiav txiav thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib. Tsuas yog txoj haujlwm ua neej nyob xwb thiaj li yuav pab tshem tawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo thiab kho kev noj qab haus huv.
Prediabetes Noj 8
Tsim los rau qeb ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam nrog qhov hnyav dhau, uas tau tsim cov ntshav qab zib. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob yuav txo qhov kev siv ntawm kev tshwm sim nrog kev kho kom zoo ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus. Lub rooj kho mob suav nrog txwv kev noj cov carbohydrates thiab cov rog. Kev noj zaub mov yog raws li cov khoom noj uas tsis muaj calorie ntau hauv cov vitamins thiab enzymes uas pab ua kom cov txheej txheem metabolic.
| Npe | koob tshuaj txhua hnub |
| calories | 1500–1600 kcal |
| YProteins | 70-80g |
| Fats | mus txog 70g |
| Nyob zoo Carbohydrates | mus txog 150g |
| dej | 1.5 l |
| S alt | 3–4 mg |
| B1 | 1.1mg |
| B2 | 2.2 mg |
| Vitamin A Y | 0.4mg |
| Vitamin C | 150mg |
| YVitamin PP | 17mg |
| Potassium | 3.9mg |
| Sodium | 3mg |
| 1mg | |
| Iron | 35mg |
| 1.6 mg |
Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv cov nqaij rog lossis ntses ntses, ntsim, kib, cov khoom haus luam yeeb, pastries los ntawm pastry.
Noj 8 cov zaub mov pom zoo
Koj tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv koj cov zaub mov noj txhua hnub:
- rye lossis coarse bread;
- qee mis thiab khoom noj siv mis;
- tsev cheese tsis muaj rog;
- qib noj nqaij qaib thiab ntses;
- qe qe zaub kua zaub;
- buckwheat, pearl barley;
- zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj suab thaj me ntsis;
- khoom qab zib.
Nws raug nquahu kom haus li 1.5-2 litres dej ntxiv rau lwm cov dej haus txhua hnub.
Example menu for prediabetes 8
Ua raws li kev noj zaub mov zoo sib xws:
- Breakfast - qe, zaub zaub xam lav hauv zaub roj, qhob cij nrog butter.
- Lunch - boiled noj nqaij (nqaij qaib, luav, nyuj), buckwheat, zaub tshiab los yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
- Snack - zaub kua zaub, sauerkraut, qee cov nqaij kib, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhob cij.
- Noj hmo - ntshiv nqaij ntses, zaub paj npleg, qhob cij.
- Ua ntej yuav mus pw - ib khob ntawm yogurt.
Cov zaub mov raug xam ntawm 3-4 teev, kawg (p. 5) - ua ntej yuav mus pw.
Lub rooj noj mov 9
Pevzner cov zaub mov yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab cov neeg tsis haum tshuaj. Nws tsis nruj dua li cov ntawv qhia zaub mov 8 vim nws tsis yog lub hom phiaj txo tus neeg mob qhov hnyav. Tsim kom muaj carbohydrate thiab rog metabolism, lub rooj noj mov thib 9 txhim kho cov neeg mob prediabetes thiab hom II mob ntshav qab zib. Txo cov piam thaj load yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob. Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov muaj tus lej txaus ntawm cov khoom pom zoo. Yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem ua noj qab zib thiab noj qab nyob zoo.
| Npe | Tus nqi txhua hnub |
| calories | 2200-2400g |
| YProteins | 85-90g |
| Fats | mus txog 80g |
| Nyob zoo Carbohydrates | 300-500g |
| dej | 2 l |
| S alt | 6–8y |
| B1 | 1.5mg |
| B2 | 2.2 mg |
| Vitamin A Y | 0.4mg |
| Vitamin C | 100mg |
| YVitamin PP | 18mg |
| Potassium | 3.9mg |
| Sodium | 3.7mg |
| 0.8mg | |
| Iron | 15mg |
| 1.3mg |
Nws raug nquahu kom haus li 2 litres ntawm cov ntxhia lossis dej huv hauv ib hnub, tsis suav nrog lwm cov kua dej. Noj zaub mov yuav tsum nquag, tab sis tsis txaus siab: overeating yog txaus ntshai. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los ua kom txaus siab rau koj txoj kev tshaib plab yog noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis zaub.
tso cai thiab txwv cov zaub mov
Yuav ua li cas kho cov ntshav qab zib kom zoo? Yuav ua li cas nrog cov khoom, yuav ua li cas cais, yuav ua li cas ua noj? Ua txhua yam teeb meem uas tshwm sim. Qhov tsis nyiam tshaj plaws thiab nyuaj, ntawm chav kawm, yog tsis kam lees koj tus kheej cov zaub mov ib txwm muaj. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum tsis suav nrog:
- buns, nplej hmoov khoom;
- khoom noj qab zib thiab qab zib siab;
- hnyuv ntxwm, cov khoom noj nqaij ib nrab tiav;
- margarine, butter, tsiaj rog;
- cov khoom lag luam muaj teeb meem ntxiv;
- fast food;
- fatty, ntsim, s alty food.
Ntau tus nqi pheej yig thiab cov khoom siv tau raug tso cai kom tau noj:
- zaub tshiab thiab boiled (tsuas qos yaj ywm);
- greens;
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo (xws li qaub);
- qis calorie mis nyuj;
- bran thiab qhob cij tsaus;
- noj nqaij thiab ntses.
Koj yuav tsum paub tias cov qos yaj ywm yuav tsum tau tsau rau tsawg kawg 2 teev ua ntej ua cov kua zaub nrog cov dej tsis tu ncua thiab txiav ua me me.
Kev noj zaub mov piv txwv9
Hnub muab faib ua 3 pluas mov sib npaug thiab 3 khoom noj txom ncauj. Lub sijhawm ncua sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm cov pluas noj yuav pab koj hloov mus rau lub sijhawm tshiab. Nco ntsoov tias nws yog cov khoom noj prediabetes uas muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Cov ntawv qhia ntxaws ntxaws yuav tso cai rau koj nkag siab tias yuav tsum muaj kev noj zaub mov zoo li cas.
Option 1
- noj tshais - zucchini pancakes, qaub cream 10-15%, tshuaj yej;
- noj su - zaub kua zaub, qhob cij, zaub puree;
- noj hmo - nqaij qaib cutlet ntawm qhov cub, tsev cheese casserole, txiv lws suav.
Option 2
- Breakfast - millet mis nyuj porridge, chicory;
- noj su - kua zaub nrog meatballs, barley porridge, zaub qhwv zaub xam lav;
- noj hmo - stewed cabbage, boiled ntses, qhob cij.
Option 3
- noj tshais - buckwheat porridge, cocoa;
- noj su - taub dag kua zaub, 2 boiled qe, qhob cij, dib tshiab;
- noj hmo - zucchini ci nrog minced nqaij thiab zaub.
Ua khoom noj txom ncauj koj tuaj yeem siv:
- khob mis los yog khoom noj siv mis;
- zaub xam lav nrog ntuj yogurt;
- zaub zaub xam lav (raw thiab boiled) thiab mashed qos yaj ywm;
- tsev cheese;
- khoom tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib (khoom noj qab zib, bars).
Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov yog raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thiab tsis suav cov zaub mov tseem ceeb. Muaj ntau cov tais diav muaj los ntawm cov khoom xyaw uas tso cai. Nws raug nquahu kom siv ob chav boiler, multicooker, qhov cub kom txuag tau ntau li ntau taucov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom thiab txo lub nra ntawm kev zom zaub mov. Ntau hom kev ua noj yuav ua rau lub rooj noj mov tsis pom hauv nws cov kev txwv.
