Fibroma ntawm lub tsev menyuam: thawj cov cim qhia thiab kev kho mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Fibroma ntawm lub tsev menyuam: thawj cov cim qhia thiab kev kho mob
Fibroma ntawm lub tsev menyuam: thawj cov cim qhia thiab kev kho mob

Video: Fibroma ntawm lub tsev menyuam: thawj cov cim qhia thiab kev kho mob

Video: Fibroma ntawm lub tsev menyuam: thawj cov cim qhia thiab kev kho mob
Video: a simple trick to know if you are still growing or not 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Uterine fibroids yog cov kab mob gynecological ntau tshaj plaws. Qhov kev kuaj mob no tau tsim txhua xyoo rau ntau txhiab tus poj niam thoob ntiaj teb. Lub ntsiab txaus ntshai ntawm pathology yog tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub tsev menyuam, uas yog, mob qog noj ntshav.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, txhua tus poj niam yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab mus rau tom tsev kho mob thawj zaug.

Uterine fibroma: nws yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas nws thiaj txaus ntshai?

Cov lus kho mob no yog hais txog ib qho benign neoplasm uas muaj feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas. Qee qhov tsis meej pem cov ntsiab lus ntawm "fibroma" thiab "myoma" ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Cov qog no yeej zoo sib xws, tab sis lawv kuj muaj qhov sib txawv. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm fibroma yog kev loj hlob qeeb thiab tsis tshua muaj degeneration rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav.

Raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, uterine fibroids yog ob hom:

  • nodular - nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub neoplasm tau qhia meej txog ciam teb;
  • diffuse - nrog rau qhov kev txhim kho no, cov qog nqaij hlav zoo tsis muaj qhov qhia meej, kawnyob foci tuaj yeem sib koom ua ib qho.

Type of fibroids

Hauv cov tshuaj, uterine fibroids feem ntau muab faib ua ntau yam raws li ib lossis lwm tus yam ntxwv. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub tsev menyuam.

Submucosal hom. Raws li nws twb dhau los ua tseeb los ntawm lub npe, neoplasm txuas nrog hauv qab cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. Nws yog hom kab mob no uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntshav ntau ntau, vim tias muaj cov hlab ntsha loj hauv lub endometrium.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg sawv daws. Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab, fibroids nyob rau hauv lub tsev menyuam nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog txuas mus rau sab nraud ntawm lub cev. Feem ntau, cov qog no tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tsoo thaum tus neeg mob tau kho rau qhov sib txawv kiag li. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog asymptomatic kev loj hlob ntawm fibroids. Kev tsis txaus siab tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub qog tau nce mus txog qhov loj.

Cov tsos mob ntawm uterine fibroids
Cov tsos mob ntawm uterine fibroids

Interstitial (lwm lub npe rau intraparietal). Raws li rau hom fibroma no, nws rightfully occupies thawj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv tis. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog no yog qhov deformation ntawm lub cev thiab qhov loj ntawm lub tsev menyuam.

Stem type. Qhov no pathology yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos ntawm neoplasms nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg subserous. Lub fibroma yog txuas mus rau lub tsev menyuam nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug ceg, thiab nws txoj kev loj hlob ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg txav. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog suav tias yog mob hnyav heev hauv plab plab.

Spurious type. Qhov ntau yam no tsis tshua muaj, tab sis nws tuaj yeem hu ua ib qho mob hnyav heev. innovation nyob rau hauv norooj plaub, nws tsim tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub tsev me nyuam, tab sis kuj tseem muaj peev xwm txav mus rau lwm yam khoom nruab nrog cev, piv txwv li, lub ncauj tsev menyuam.

Ua rau fibroids

Txawm hais tias muaj qib siab ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tuaj yeem muab cov lus teb meej, uas dhau los ua lub zog rau qhov pom ntawm cov kab mob pathological.

Qee tus kws kho mob tau xav tias qhov kev loj hlob ntawm fibroma pib nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm tes, los ntawm cov qog loj hlob dhau sijhawm. Qhov tshwm sim no tau piav qhia los ntawm cov theem nrawm ntawm kev loj hlob thiab faib cov kab mob pathological piv rau tus nqi ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb zoo tib yam ntawm cov leeg nqaij.

Txawm li cas los xij, ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev soj ntsuam tau pom tias muaj ntau yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov uterine fibroids.

yam cuam tshuam rau cov qog loj hlob

Nyob rau hauv cov ntxhais hluas, cov kab mob no tsis tshua pom muaj. Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj benign neoplasm ntawm lub tsev menyuam yog cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog yug me nyuam. Hauv lwm lo lus, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 25-30 xyoo, tus poj niam txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm fibroids nce ntau. Muaj lwm yam kev pheej hmoo:

Kev kho mob ntawm uterine fibroids
Kev kho mob ntawm uterine fibroids
  • Cov tshuaj hormones. Kev tsim cov tshuaj estrogen ntau ntxiv cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasms. Yog tias pom tias muaj kev ua txhaum cai, ces yuav tsum tau kho kom sai li sai tau.
  • Cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Pawg no suav nrog cov nqaij mos bruises, kev raug mob yav dhau los uas tus poj niam tuaj yeem tau txais nyob rau hauv ntau yam xwm txheej.
  • Kev cuam tshuam kev phais (kev rho menyuam tawm, kho lub tsev menyuam, kev yug menyuam nyuaj). Kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev menyuam lossis cov kabmob ze rau nws feem ntau ua rau kev tsim cov fibroids. Feem ntau, cov qog tshwm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov nqaij mos puas.
  • Kab mob sib kis. Kev vam khom ntawm fibroma thiab kab mob kis tau tshwm sim, txawm tias tsis meej meej. Qhov tseeb yog tias thaum muaj kab mob tshwm sim hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, cov txheej txheem inflammatory tshwm sim uas ua rau kev puas tsuaj. Thaum cov ntaub so ntswg puas raug kho, kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob pathological kuj tseem pib.

Ntxiv rau, kev txhim kho ntawm pathology tuaj yeem ua rau:

  • ncig tsis sib deev;
  • kev ua neej nyob tsis muaj zog (qhov no suav nrog ob qho tib si kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog thiab tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog lub cev);
  • genetic predisposition;
  • kev tsis zoo nyob hauv plab;
  • overweight.

Leej twg txaus ntshai

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau txais, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo. Nws raug ntaus los ntawm:

  • cov poj niam dub (qhov no yog vim qhov kev xav ntawm qib caj ces);
  • poj niam rog;
  • kev ua neej nyob sedentary;
  • kev siv dej cawv thiab luam yeeb (xav tias qhov no yog vim muaj kev cuam tshuam dav dav hauv lub xeev ntawm lub cev, kev poob qis hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob);
  • poj niam tsis tau yug ua ntej hnub nyoog 30.

Uterine fibroids: kos npe

Kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasm tuaj yeem nrog ntau yamCov tsos mob tshwm sim, los yog nws tuaj yeem ua tiav asymptomatic rau lub sijhawm ntev - nws tag nrho nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov qog, nws qhov loj me thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov nodes. Tag nrho cov tsos mob qhia tias muaj cov uterine fibroids tau muab faib ua ob peb pawg.

1. Mob syndrome. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob hauv plab plab yuav tsum ceeb toom rau tus poj niam tam sim ntawd, vim tias daim duab kho mob no feem ntau nrog cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev xeeb tub.

Cov cim qhia ntawm uterine fibroids
Cov cim qhia ntawm uterine fibroids
  • Mob yog qhov chaw nyob hauv plab plab lossis tawg mus rau sab nraub qaum. Qhov mob yog mob los yog rub.
  • Tsis tu ncua, tsis mob hnyav heev yuav qhia tau tias muaj fibroma nyob rau hauv lub serous membrane ntawm lub tsev menyuam.
  • Kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav submucosal feem ntau ua rau mob hnyav heev. Cov tsos mob ntawm uterine fibroids no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais nyob rau hnub coj khaub ncaws.
  • Necrosis ntawm node tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav nrog cov cim ntawm "mob plab".

kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem:

  • Lub voj voog ua tsis tau.
  • Kev coj khaub ncaws hnyav hnyav thiab ntev (ntau tshaj 7 hnub).
  • Ntshav tshwm sim hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub voj voog (acyclic).

Nrog rau qhov ntim loj ntawm fibroids, muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom nruab nrog cev. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm lub siab loj ntawm cov qog, uas ua rau cov tsos mob hauv qab no:

  • tso zis ntau zaus lossis tso zis tsis tso zis - tshwm sim nrog lub siab ntawm lub ureters thiab zais zis;
  • cem quav, mob plab zom mov (tej zaum muaj qhov siab ntawm qhov quav).

Diagnosis

txhawm rau kuaj pom uterine fibroids, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev, suav nrog cov khoom siv kho vajtse ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev sim kuaj.

  • Kev txais tos pib. Cov theem no tseem ceeb heev, vim nws muab cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau tus kws kho mob rau kev teem caij mus kuaj ntxiv. Thaum lub sij hawm teem caij, tus kws kho mob gynecologist tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob cov lus tsis txaus siab, nws tus mob, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob sib kis.
  • Kev kuaj mob ntawm lub rooj zaum gynecological. Nyob rau theem no, lub tsev menyuam fibromas raug kuaj pom, lawv pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab. Txhawm rau kawm txog qhov mob ntawm lub tsev menyuam, tus kws kho mob gynecologist ua kev kuaj mob nrog ob txhais tes (los ntawm ib sab ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab los ntawm sab ntawm phab ntsa plab). Yog tias muaj fibroma, lub tsev menyuam yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov ntom ntom, muaj cov pob.
  • Tau suav suav.
  • Ib smear rau microflora muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov muaj cov kab mob pathogenic, thiab smear rau cytology pab txheeb xyuas cov hlwb atypical ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam.
  • ntshav los ntawm txoj hlab ntsha. Qhov kev kuaj sim no tuaj yeem kuaj pom HIV, kab mob siab thiab mob syphilis.
  • Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov ua tsis zoo ntawm daim siab, BAC raug tshuaj (nws yog siv los txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm creatinine, bilirubin, tag nrho cov protein thiab daim siab enzymes).
  • Ua tiav urinalysis.
  • Ultrasound. Cov txheej txheem ultrasound raug sau los txiav txim seb qhov mob ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Nrog kev pab los ntawm kev kawm kho vajtse no, tus kws kho mob tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov muaj lossis tsis muaj uterine fibroids, nws qhov loj me, qhov chaw thiab tus naj npawb ntawm catches. Yog li, ultrasound ua raws li txoj kev kuaj mob tseem ceeb.
Cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm uterine fibroids
Cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm uterine fibroids
  • Computed tomography kuj muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus mob ntawm lub tsev menyuam, tab sis qhov kev kuaj mob no siv tsawg dua.
  • Colposcopy. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ib lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb colposcope, qhov mob ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam tau kawm.
  • Biopsy. Txoj kev kuaj mob no yog siv yog tias muaj kev xav tias fibroma tau hloov mus ua qog nqaij hlav.

Dynamic surveillance

Kev kho mob uterine fibroids tsis yog ib txwm tsim nyog. Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom saib xyuas dynamic. Lo lus no hais txog kev saib xyuas tus neeg mob kom zoo. Yog li, nrog qee qhov ntsuas, tus poj niam tsuas yog yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus kws kho mob muab piv cov ntsuas ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob yav dhau los nrog cov tshiab thiab txiav txim siab rau kev soj ntsuam ntxiv los yog kev kho mob.

Qhov kev tawm tsam no tuaj yeem ua tau vim qhov peculiarities ntawm kev txhim kho neoplasm. Fibroma feem ntau qeeb zuj zus thiab tsis tshua muaj mob.

Kev soj ntsuam zoo yog pom zoo nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:

  • tsis muaj tsos mob tshwm sim;
  • qog loj tsis tshaj 2 cm

kev kho mob

Kev kho mob yuav tsum nkag siab tias tsis yog phais kho. Hauv qhov no, nws muaj nyob rau hauv kev kho tshuaj. Nws raug sau tseg hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:

  • kev ua tsis tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm phais rau ntau yam kev kho mob;
  • qog loj txog 6-12 lub lis piam;
  • cim qhia meejtsis muaj tsos mob (tus poj niam tsis yws txog qhov mob, tsis muaj los ntshav, thiab kev coj khaub ncaws feem ntau tsis cuam tshuam);
  • tus poj niam tab tom npaj cev xeeb tub yav tom ntej.
Folk tshuaj rau uterine fibroids
Folk tshuaj rau uterine fibroids

Lub hauv paus ntawm kev kho tshuaj yog tshuaj hormonal. Lawv raug xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub peculiarities ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm fibroids. Thaum lub sij hawm kho ntawm uterine fibroids, ib tug poj niam raug kuaj xyuas kom raws sij hawm thiab kho cov chav kawm.

Qhov tseem ceeb! Folk kev kho mob rau uterine fibroids tsuas yog siv los ua ntxiv stimulation. Lawv nquag pab txo cov tsos mob, tab sis koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej siv.

Surgery

Kev cuam tshuam kev phais yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv ob peb kis ntawm ib zaug:

  • Txaus siab rau qhov loj me ntawm cov qog benign. Yog li, yog tias uterine fibroma tau mus txog qhov loj ntawm 6 cm (12 lub lis piam obstetric), nws raug pom zoo kom tshem nws.
  • Kev tshem tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov kev kho tshuaj tsis tau muab cov txiaj ntsig xav tau.
  • qog hlav loj heev.
  • Kev muaj cov fibroid submucosal node.
  • Daim duab kho mob tau meej meej, cov tsos mob tau hais (ntau los ntshav tshwm sim, mob hnyav heev, tshwm sim ntawm anemia).

Uterine fibroids tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev.

1. Ib txwm ua haujlwm. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tus kws phais neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub plab kab noj hniav thiab tshem tawm cov neoplasm. Hauv qhov no, ob txoj hauv kev tuaj yeem ua tau. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog khaws cia lub cevib qho kev ua haujlwm uas tsuas yog cov qog tshem tawm, thiab lub tsev menyuam tseem nyob. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov xwm txheej no tso cai rau tus poj niam cev xeeb tub yav tom ntej thiab yug me nyuam. Qhov thib ob txoj hauv kev suav nrog kev tshem tawm tag nrho lub tsev menyuam, uas txhais tau hais tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm menyuam yaus yuav ploj mus.

Kev phais rau uterine fibroids
Kev phais rau uterine fibroids

2. Laparoscopy. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no, ib tug phais kev ua hauj lwm yog muab zais, lub sij hawm uas tus kws phais tsuas ua me me incisions rau ntxiv manipulations. Tag nrho cov chav kawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog tso tawm raws li daim duab ntawm lub computer saib. Hom kev phais no yog qhov nyiam tshaj plaws, vim nws tso cai rau koj los sib koom tes nrog millimeter raug thiab txo lub sijhawm rov qab los.

3. Embolization ntawm uterine hlab ntsha. Nws yog dab tsi? Txoj kev no muaj nyob rau hauv thaiv cov hlab ntsha uas pub cov fibroma. Thaum tsis muaj ntshav txaus (kev noj haus), cov qog tsis loj hlob, thiab yog li nws tsis tas yuav tshem tawm.

4. Ablation. Cov qog yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ultrasound, uas ua rau evaporation ntawm neoplasm. Ib qho teeb meem hauv kev noj zaub mov thiab ntshav ntws ntawm cov qog ua rau cov necrosis ntawm lub pob (hauv lwm lo lus, necrosis ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tshwm sim).

Teb cov lus nug los ntawm cov neeg mob txog seb puas uterine fibroids puas txaus ntshai, cov kws kho mob hais tias fibroma nws tus kheej yog ib qho benign neoplasm, thiab yog li tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov nodes ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov hnyuv thiab lub zais zis, anemia, thiab infertility. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav mus rau ib qho malignant tsis suav nrog.

Puas yog nws txaus ntshaiuterine fibroma
Puas yog nws txaus ntshaiuterine fibroma

Hnub no, uterine fibroids teb zoo rau kev kho mob. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob hauv lub sijhawm thiab pib tawm tsam nws. Ua li no, txhua tus poj niam yuav tsum mob siab rau nws tus kheej txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab tiv tauj lub tsev kho mob me ntsis ntawm cov tsos mob thiab cov cim qhia. Uterine fibroids yog ib qho mob hnyav, txawm tias muaj qhov zoo. Vim muaj ib txwm muaj peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg regeneration. Raws li qhov no, kev kuaj gynecological tsis tu ncua yuav tsum tsis txhob raug saib xyuas. Tej yam yooj yim, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, cov lus pom zoo yuav pab kom tus poj niam noj qab nyob zoo thiab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog loj hlob.

Pom zoo: