Teeb meem ntawm cov hniav tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv, thiab muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los daws lawv. Yog li, gutta-percha pins tuaj yeem pab txuag tau cov hniav uas nquag zom, ntxiv dag zog rau hauv paus thiab yog li ua kom nws tuaj yeem tsis kam rho tawm.
pins yog dab tsi?
Cov hniav raug puas tsuaj rau ntau yam laj thawj: caries, kev tu cev tsis zoo, kab mob metabolic, khoom noj khoom haus tsis zoo, kev raug mob thiab cov chips. Ib tus hniav puas tsis tas yuav muab rho tawm, nws tuaj yeem rov qab los. Txawm hais tias tsuas yog lub hauv paus tseem nyob ntawd, muaj ib txoj hauv kev los kho nws - kho hniav pins. Qhov kev tsim kho no, uas yog tus pas nrig, yog tsau rau hauv cov kwj dej hauv paus thiab ua haujlwm pab txhawb rau cov hniav uas tau kho dua tshiab. Muaj qee zaus thaum txhim kho tus pin yog tib txoj kev daws teeb meem. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv:
- crown ib feem ntawm cov hniav raug rhuav tshem los ntawm 50% lossis ntau dua,
- tus hniav puas tag, tiam sis lub hauv paus tseem zoo,
- tus pin raws li kev txhawb nqa rau lub kaus mom lossis lwm hom kev tshem tau thiab tsis tshem tau cov prostheses.
Tus pin zoo li kev cog qoob loo hauv cov duab thiab lub hom phiaj. Qhov ntawd tsuas yog cov implants ntsia rau hauv cov pos hniav thiab lub puab tsaig, thiab tus pin -mus rau hauv paus kwj dej. Rau kev tsim cov pins, ntau yam khoom siv: hlau, ceramics, fiberglass, carbon fiber. Tau ntau xyoo dhau los, gutta-percha pins tau siv, uas tseem tsis tau poob lawv qhov tseeb.
Gutta-percha ua cov khoom siv rau tus pins
Gutta-percha yog tau los ntawm kev ua latex. Cov khoom no yog ib qho nyuaj, tab sis yas, zoo heev rau sealing cov kwj dej. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, qhov loj yuav mos thiab khov, nws puv tsis tau tsuas yog lub ntsiab channel, tab sis kuj nws cov ceg, kaw tag nrho cov nqe lus. Kev kho mob sai thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg kawg ntawm cov teeb meem. Cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm ntawm gutta-percha yog alpha thiab beta. Gutta-percha pins feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm beta daim ntawv: nws muaj qhov tsim nyog sib xws.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm gutta-percha pins
Ntxiv rau nws daim ntawv yas, uas yooj yim tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav cov kwj deg ntawm cov hniav, gutta-percha muaj ntau yam zoo.
- Nws yog ib qho kev lom zem heev nrog cov ntaub so ntswg.
- siab zog thiab elasticity tib lub sijhawm.
- Cov khoom siv tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab hypoallergenic.
- Thaum solidified, nws yuav siv qhov xav tau.
- Yuav tsis ploj, nqus lossis tawg thaum hnav mus ntev.
- Nws muaj peev xwm rho tawm cov khoom ntawm cov hauv paus kwj dej yog tias tsim nyog.
- Tus nqi pheej yig.
- Ntawm qhov x-ray, koj tuaj yeem pom tag nrho cov gutta-percha tus pin, daim duab qhia tag nrho cov ceg ntawm cov kwj dej, uastso cai rau tus kws kho hniav ntsuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, kho qhov tsis txaus.
Gutta-percha pins tsis yog yam tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo:
- Gutta-percha tsis muaj adhesion rau cov tawv nqaij ntawm cov hniav.
- Tsis muaj cov kab mob bactericidal.
- Nyuaj rau kev txhim kho vim muaj qhov ua haujlwm siab. Tus kws kho mob kev tshaj lij ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.
Txoj kev ntawm gutta-percha pins
Gutta-percha pins hauv kev kho hniav sib txawv hauv qhov loj, muaj loj thiab me. Lawv muaj tus lej tshwj xeeb uas qhia txog qhov tuab. Raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov hniav thiab cov kwj dej, tus kws kho hniav txiav txim siab seb qhov loj thiab tuab ntawm cov ncej yuav siv li cas hauv ib kis.
Lawv kuj muab faib ua tus qauv thiab tsis yog qauv. Qee qhov raug tsim los rau ISO (International Organization for Standardization) cov qauv, thaum lwm tus txawv ntawm cov duab - lawv yog tuab thiab luv dua, nrog lub hau tapered.
Gutta-percha pins yog 20% beta-gutta-percha. Feem ntau, txog 75%, yog lub hauv paus ntawm tus pin, ua los ntawm zinc oxide. Qhov seem 5% yog cov khoom siv pabcuam: dyes, plasticizers, nrog rau cov khoom siv vim tias tus pin pom meej ntawm x-ray.
Txoj kev sib khi. Txias gutta-percha
Gutta-percha pins yog siv los sau cov hauv paus kwj dej uas siv ob hom thev naus laus zis - ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom kub lossis txias. Thaum kubThaum sau, cov khoom yog thawj rhuab thiab ces muab tso rau hauv lub kwj dej. Thaum txias gutta-percha yog cua sov tom qab nws muab tso rau hauv paus.
Sau nrog txias gutta-percha, tig, ua tau plaub txoj hauv kev:
- Nrog ib tus pin. Nws yog siv ua ke nrog ib qho tshwj xeeb muab tshuaj txhuam, uas ntau tus kws kho hniav nyiam sau cov kwj dej. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ib tug muab tshuaj txhuam yog siv rau cov phab ntsa ntawm lub channel thiab ib tug pin ntawm qhov tsim nyog loj yog muab tso rau, tom qab uas cov tshaj ib feem ntawm nws yog txiav tawm nrog ib tug kub lub cuab tam. Txij li thaum gutta-percha siv txias, nws yog ib qho nyuaj, thiab nws nkag mus rau hauv cov kwj deg ntawm cov hniav, muab tshuaj txhuam yog siv los sau rau tom kawg.
- Side condensation method. Cov pins tau muab tso rau hauv cov channel kom txog thaum lawv nyob hauv qhov chaw dawb. Ib tus tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj kev txawj ntse thiab kev paub dhau los ntawm kws kho hniav, txij li lub hauv paus tawg tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias cov pins tsis raug tso cai.
- Thermomechanical condensation. Cov txheej txheem yog siv tsis tshua muaj, muaj ntau yam tsis zoo. Txhawm rau sau cov channel nrog pins, siv lub tshuab tig, uas tsis tau lees tias qhov txiaj ntsig zoo, yog li, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov channel yog siab.
- Filling with gutta-percha softened by chemicals. Yav dhau los, txoj kev no tau siv hauv kev kho hniav, tab sis tam sim no lawv tsis nco qab txog nws, vim nws muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Hot gutta-percha
Dab tsi yog "kub" gutta-percha pins? Txoj kev no tau piav qhia hauv qab no. Nco ntsoov tias cov kev xaiv rau kev kho mob zoo li noplaub:
- Txoj kev txhaj tshuaj. Cov khoom yog rhuab mus rau 200 degrees, uas ua rau nws cov kua lub xeev, thiab txhaj rau hauv lub channel. Txoj kev no tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav tag nrho cov txav thiab ceg. Cov txheej txheem yog siv dav hauv kev kho hniav.
- System "Thermofil". Txoj kev niaj hnub no tso cai rau koj kom sai thiab nrog kev siv zog me ntsis los kaw tag nrho cov ceg ntawm cov channel, txawm tias qhov tsawg tshaj plaws. Gutta-percha nyob rau hauv cov kua yog pub nyob rau hauv siab los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb yas pas nrig. Txoj kev no tseem hu ua bulk.
- Vertical condensation. Ua kom tiav nruj ntawm cov channel, tab sis cov txheej txheem no nyuaj thiab ua haujlwm nyuaj, siv sijhawm ntau heev.
- Muab khoom noj nrog lub koob txhaj tshuaj. Cov txheej txheem yog yooj yim thiab ceev, tab sis tsis tau lees tias ua tiav filling, ntxiv rau, gutta-percha yuav tsis txawm mus txog qhov kawg ntawm tus kwj dej, uas yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem.
