Ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov hniav tshem tawm tau mob. Txawm tias thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cov haujlwm no tau ua yam tsis muaj tshuaj loog. Tam sim no hauv kev kho hniav, ntau txoj hauv kev thiab ntau yam tshuaj siv uas tso cai rau koj tshem tawm cov hniav tsis mob kiag li. Qhov no yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj kev tsis xis nyob thiab teeb meem. Tom qab tag nrho, cov kws kho mob xaiv cov tshuaj ib tus zuj zus, nyob ntawm tus neeg mob lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev phais. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog siv thaum muab cov hniav tshem tawm, kho cov kab mob pulpitis, periodontitis, implantation thiab lwm yam kev kho hniav.
Vim li cas tshuaj loog siv hauv kev kho hniav
Ua ntej tshem cov hniav, yuav tsum tau tshuaj loog, vim qhov kev ua haujlwm no mob heev. Cov kev xav no tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv nres lossis nkag mus rau tus neeg mob hauv lub xeev ntawm kev poob siab. Yog li ntawd, tam sim no xws manipulations yog nqa tawm nrog tshuaj loog. Feem ntau, siv tshuaj loog hauv zos. Cov tshuaj txhaj tshuaj thaiv qhov kev sib kis ntawm cov hlab ntsha impulses los ntawm cov hniav mob mus rau lub hlwb. Qhov rhiab heev ntawm cov pos hniav thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig yog txo qis heev. Yog li ntawd, cov hniav raug tshem tawm tsis mob.
Ntau tus neeg mob tsis mus ntsib kws kho hniav raws sijhawm raws li qhov tseeb vim ntshai mob. Lawv poob tawm qhov tsis xis nyob nrog cov tshuaj, uas feem ntau ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Tab sis, kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob thaum lub sij hawm tshem tawm cov hniav tso cai rau kev kho mob yam tsis muaj kev tsis xis nyob rau tus neeg mob.
Yam tshuaj loog ua ntej muab cov hniav
Feem ntau, cov tshuaj loog hauv zos txaus los ua txhua yam kev kho hniav hauv cov kws kho hniav. Feem ntau, qhov no yog ib lossis ntau qhov kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov pos hniav. Qee lub tsev kho mob ua cov tshuaj loog peb-theem, uas tshem tawm tag nrho cov tsos mob ntawm qhov mob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug tshuaj loog gel yog thawj zaug thov, ces ib tug luv luv txhaj tshuaj, thiab tom qab ib tug lub sij hawm ib tug txaus koob tshuaj loog yog txhaj. Qee lub sij hawm nws tseem yuav tsum tau ua qhov haujlwm no raws li kev siv tshuaj loog. Yuav ua li cas tshuaj loog rau kev tshem tawm cov hniav nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, tus kws kho mob txiav txim raws li ib tug neeg yam ntxwv.
Feem ntau, tshuaj loog hauv zos txaus. Xws li tshuaj loog relieves tus neeg mob ntawm qhov mob los ntawm 100%. Tsuas yog tactile rhiab heev yog khaws cia, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis xis nyob, tab sis tsis muaj zog. Muaj ntau hom tshuaj loog hauv zos.
- Daim ntawv thov tshuaj loog txo qhov mob tsuas yog nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm sab nraud. Nws feem ntau yog siv ua ntej txhaj tshuaj rauua koob txhaj tshuaj tsis mob. Qee lub sij hawm nws tau qhia rau kev tshem tawm cov hniav hauv cov menyuam yaus. Cov tshuaj loog no yog ua los ntawm kev siv gel lossis tshuaj tsuag raws li lidocaine lossis benzocaine. Lawv siv rau cov pos hniav.
- Kev siv tshuaj loog yog txoj hauv kev tshaj plaws. Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj tua kab mob thaum lub sij hawm tshem tawm cov hniav yog siv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj. Feem ntau yuav tsum tau txhaj 2-3 zaug ntawm ib sab thiab sab nraud ntawm tus hniav.
- Kev siv tshuaj loog yog kev qhia txog tshuaj loog rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Tom qab ntawd, tag nrho cheeb tsam innervated los ntawm nws loses rhiab heev. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau ntawm lub puab tsaig qis xwb.
- Stem anesthesia yog siv rau qhov mob hnyav lossis thaum tus neeg mob hypersensitive. Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj txhaj rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm pob txha taub hau.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qee zaum kuj siv ib txoj hauv kev xws li sedation. Qhov no yog kev qhia ntawm intramuscular lossis intravenous sedatives. Lawv calm tus neeg mob, nce qhov mob pib, so.
Kev npaj rau kev tso tshuaj loog
Tshuaj loog hauv kev kho hniav feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj. Feem ntau rau qhov no yog Lidocaine lossis Novocain hauv ampoules. Nws yog nrog cov tshuaj no uas tshuaj loog yog nqa tawm hauv txhua lub tsev kho mob nyiaj txiag. Rau qhov no, tshwj xeeb syringes nrog ib rab koob nyias yog siv. Tab sis, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau thiab ntau dua tshiab technologies tau siv. Piv txwv li, cov chaw kho mob ntiag tug tau hloov mus rau kev siv tshuaj loog. Nws feature yog kev siv cov tshuaj pov tseg cartridges. Tsis tas li ntawd,koob rau cov tshuaj no tau noj tam sim no, uas ua kom tsis muaj mob thaum txhaj tshuaj.
Ntxiv rau Novocaine thiab Lidocaine, articaine thiab mepivacaine tsis ntev los no tau siv hauv kev kho hniav. Raws li cov tshuaj no, muaj ntau yam tshuaj:
- "Ultracain";
- Scandonest;
- Ubistezin;
- Septanest.
Novocain tshuaj hauv kev kho hniav
Cov tshuaj loog no tau tsim tawm thaum xyoo pua 20th. Thiab tau ntau xyoo, Novocain hauv ampoules tau dhau los ua qhov mob ntau tshaj plaws rau kev cuam tshuam kev phais. Nws yog pheej yig, yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj muaj rau txhua tus neeg, ib pob nqi 30-40 rubles. Tab sis, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nws tau dhau los siv tsawg dua vim muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim.
Cov lus qhia rau "Novocaine" ceeb toom tias tom qab nws cov lus qhia, cov ntshav siab poob qis, kiv taub hau, tsis muaj zog lossis ua xua tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee zaum nws tsis zoo heev, yog li nws yog siv nrog rau lwm yam tshuaj. Feem ntau, Novocain yog ua ke nrog adrenaline, tab sis xws li kev sib xyaw yog contraindicated ntawm siab siab. Kev ua haujlwm qis ntawm cov tshuaj no, nrog rau kev poob ntawm nws txoj haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm purulent o, ua rau lub fact tias nws yog tam sim no siv heev tsawg nyob rau hauv kev kho hniav.
Siv Lidocaine
Qhov no yog cov tshuaj loog uas siv ntau tshaj plaws, siv dav tsis yog hauv cov chaw kho hniav nyiaj txiag nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv cov chaw ntiag tug. Nws zoo nkauj heevzoo, tshem tawm rhiab heev rau li 1-2 teev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim. Tab sis, qee zaum tseem muaj kev tsis haum rau "Lidocaine". Hauv qhov no, kev tsis haum tshuaj, kev poob ntawm cov ntshav siab, kiv taub hau, tsis muaj zog, thiab lub plawv dhia tsis zoo tshwm sim. Feem ntau kuj muaj qhov loog ntawm daim di ncauj thiab tus nplaig, uas tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob.
Yuav kom cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm zoo thiab tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo, nws yuav tsum tau muab coj los siv kom raug. Qee zaum nws tsis yog muag hauv ampoules, tab sis hauv cov hmoov, yog li koj yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas kom dilute Lidocaine kom zoo rau kev txhaj tshuaj hauv kev kho hniav. Feem ntau, 0.5% kev daws yog siv, tab sis 1-2% tuaj yeem siv rau kev siv tshuaj loog hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj. Cov koob tshuaj yog txiav txim ib leeg raws li qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob.
YUltracaine npaj
Cov tshuaj no yog ua raws li cov tshuaj loog uas muaj zog articaine. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj muaj xws li epinephrine. Nws yog ib qho analogue ntawm adrenaline, uas muaj vasoconstrictive nyhuv. Nws yog tsim nyog los ncua lub sij hawm ntawm cov tshuaj. Ultracaine suav hais tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo dua li yav dhau los Lidocaine lossis Novocaine.
Cov lus qhia sau tseg tias nws yuav luag tsis muaj contraindications. Nws yog siv txawm rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj kuj yog tias nws pib ua tom qab 10 feeb, thiab nws cov nyhuv analgesic kav ntev txog 3.5 teev. Cov tshuaj yog muag hauv khw muag tshuaj ntawm tus nqi ntawm500 rubles rau ib pob ntawm 10 ampoules.
Ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim tom qab "Ultracaine" mob taub hau, xeev siab thiab mob leeg feem ntau pom, tab sis qhov no tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj. Txawm tias tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim yog qhov poob ntawm cov ntshav siab lossis arrhythmia tom qab kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj. "Ultracain" muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom, txawv nyob rau hauv ntau npaum ntawm cov tshuaj nquag thiab epinephrine. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog "Ultracain D", uas tsis muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv, yog li nws tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim.
Ubistezin tshuaj
Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj txo qhov mob no yog siab dua li lwm yam tshuaj zoo sib xws. Tab sis, nws muaj ntau nyob rau hauv kev kho hniav vim nws high efficiency. Ntxiv rau articaine, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj "Ubistezin" muaj xws li adrenaline. Nws muab vasoconstriction ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Vim qhov no, cov tshuaj maj mam nqus thiab ua rau muaj kev phiv tsawg. Vim li no, nws qhov kev ua tau ntev dua. Ntxiv mus, cov nyhuv tshwm sim tsis pub dhau 3-5 feeb tom qab txhaj tshuaj, uas qee zaum tseem ceeb heev. Ntxiv nrog rau cov kev mob tshwm sim tshwm sim los ntawm articaine, cov ntaub so ntswg ischemia lossis cov teeb meem hauv lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab txhaj tshuaj tsis zoo.
Tus nqi ntawm "Ubistezin" yog qhov siab heev, vim nws tau muag hauv ntim loj. 50 cartridges raug nqi los ntawm 1,500 txog 2,000 rubles, yog li lawv tau yuav ntawm cov chaw kho hniav loj. Cov tshuaj no raug tso cai siv txawm nyob rau hauv kev kho hniav menyuam yaus. Nws qhov zoo dua yog qhov pib sai ntawm cov nyhuv analgesic thiabsiab ntev. Tab sis, nws yog contraindicated siv cov tshuaj rau arrhythmia, tachycardia, muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj.
mob nyem nrog Septanest
Cov tshuaj no yog tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab kws tshuaj Fabkis paub zoo. Nws tau siv hauv kev kho hniav ntev ntev, thiab twb tau ua pov thawj nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem nyuaj los yog tsis muaj contraindications, kws kho hniav feem ntau xaiv Septanest. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov tshuaj sau tseg uas feem ntau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj rau cov tshuaj no. Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm qhov muaj ntau ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev mob tshwm sim xws li ua tsis taus pa thiab lub plawv ua haujlwm feem ntau tshwm sim.
Txawm li cas los xij, tshuaj yog nrov heev. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv "Septanest" tso cai rau kev siv cov tshuaj rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 4 xyoos thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Contraindications tsuas yog glaucoma, bronchial hawb pob thiab lub plawv atherosclerosis. Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj loog zoo sib xws, kuj muaj cov articaine: Alfakain, Brilokain, Cytokartin, Primakain.
Scandonest npaj
Qhov no yog tshuaj loog raws li mepivacaine. Nws tsis muaj adrenaline, preservatives thiab lwm yam khoom tsis zoo. Nws yog siv rau intolerance rau articaine los yog adrenaline. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem siv rau cov neeg laus, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, kub siab, mob ntsws asthma, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Ntxiv nrog rau cov nyhuv analgesicmepivacaine muaj peev xwm los tswj cov hlab ntsha, yog li kev tswj hwm adrenaline ntxiv tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua. Ib qho analogue ntawm cov tshuaj "Scandonest" yog cov tshuaj loog "Mepivastezin"
Contraindications rau kev siv tshuaj kho mob
Feem ntau txhua yam tshuaj loog muaj tib yam contraindications rau kev siv. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau cov neeg mob uas muaj cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- polio;
- meningitis;
- malignant qog;
- lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm;
- mob ntshav qab zib mellitus;
- teeb meem ntshav siab hnyav;
Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj raws li articaine tsis siv rau cov kab mob sib koom ua ke, osteochondrosis lossis spondylitis, pathologies ntawm lub paj hlwb.
Yuav tsum muaj tshuaj loog dav dav
Qee zaum nws yuav tsum tau kho tus neeg mob raws li kev siv tshuaj loog. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog yog tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob ib txwm tsis pab thaum tshem cov hniav, piv txwv li, nrog qhov mob qis dua lossis ntshai ntawm kws kho hniav. Kev tshuaj loog dav dav kuj tseem siv tau rau cov neeg mob uas muaj ntau yam kev puas siab puas ntsws lossis kev puas siab puas ntsws, nrog rau kev nce gag reflex. Thaum tshem cov hniav, qhov no tsis tshua xav tau, vim qhov txheej txheem no luv luv, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm kev kho mob ntev, kev phais nyuaj lossis kev cog qoob loo tiav, kev siv tshuaj loog yog tsim nyog. Nws siv trichlorethylene, muab los ntawm lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg los yog tshuaj txhaj: Ketamine, Propanidide, Hexenal.
Kev tshuaj loog hauv kev kho hniav
Kev kho hniav tam sim no yooj yim dua li yav dhau los. Mob feem ntau tsis hnovtxawm tias thaum tshem tawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntau tus neeg mob nco ntsoov tias lawv tau txais kev kho mob zoo nrog kev pab ntawm "Lidocaine". Tab sis muaj cov neeg uas tsis zam cov tshuaj no. Thiab cov neeg uas tau txhaj tshuaj loog niaj hnub nco ntsoov tias lawv muaj cov nyhuv analgesic zoo dua. Ntau cov lus pom zoo txog cov tshuaj "Ultracain", cov neeg mob nco ntsoov tias tsis muaj dab tsi xav tau txawm tias thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nyuaj.
