Cov hlab ntsha femoral yog cov hlab ntsha loj, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb uas yog muab cov ntshav mus rau txhua qhov ntawm sab qis, ntawm tus ncej puab mus rau cov ntiv taw. Cov zaub mov thiab cov ntshav ntws mus rau thaj tsam qis ntawm ob txhais ceg los ntawm capillaries thiab cov hlab ntsha me me uas tau txiav tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha femoral. Txhua yam kab mob ntawm lub aorta tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm sab qis, plab thiab lub plab mog.
Nws nyob qhov twg
Cov hlab ntsha no yog nyob ntawm qhov pib ntawm lub iliac aorta ntawm sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm tus ncej puab, los ntawm qhov chaw nws mus rau saum npoo. Yog li ntawd nws thiaj li hu ua "femoral". Nws khiav los ntawm iliac-comb thiab femoral fossa, popliteal recess thiab kwj dej. Ntawm qhov chaw uas nws nyob ntawm lub limb, nws nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab epigastric aorta, uas ua rau daim duab peb sab femoral thiab cov hlab ntsha sib sib zog nqus ntawm tus ncej puab.
Cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha sab nraud yog suav tias yog lub nkoj loj loj uas ua haujlwm los muab cov ntshav mus rau sab qis, sab nraud ntawm qhov chaw mos, thiab cov leeg inguinal. Nws cov qauv anatomical yog tib yam nkaus rau txhua tus neeg, tshwj tsis yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv txav. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov twgNws yog cov hlab ntsha femoral uas nyob, koj yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas nws nyob rau sab sauv ntawm puab tais - los ntawm qhov ntawd nws protrudes sab nraud. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no, lub nkoj yog rhiab heev rau mechanical bruises.
Aneurysm
Xws li ib qho aorta, zoo li lwm cov hlab ntsha, yog qhov ua rau muaj mob thiab tsim ntawm qhov tsis xws luag. Ib qho ntawm cov kab mob no tuaj yeem raug txheeb xyuas - aneurysm ntawm cov hlab ntsha femoral. Qhov no anomaly yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob feem ntau ntawm cov hlab ntsha no. Aneurysm txhais tau hais tias bulging ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm cov hlab ntsha raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lawv thinning. Visually, tus kab mob tuaj yeem kuaj tau raws li lub vibrating bulge nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub nkoj. Ib qho aneurysm yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws pom nyob rau hauv puab tais los yog hauv qab lub hauv caug, qhov twg nws tsim ntawm ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm lub nkoj - lub popliteal aorta.
Qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg no, raws li txoj cai, cuam tshuam rau cov poj niam ntau dua, txij li cov txiv neej cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob femoral artery muaj tsawg dua. Muaj qhov txwv thiab nthuav dav aneurysms.
Yog vim li cas thiaj pom
Qhov chaw ntawm keeb kwm ntawm tus kab mob no yog yam ua rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, xws li:
- mob ntshav siab (siab ntshav siab);
- kab mob;
- raug rau tar thiab nicotine thaum haus luam yeeb;
- obesity;
- kev mob nkeeg;
- nce cov roj cholesterol kom tsawg;
- phais (tej zaum los ntshav los ntawm femoral artery);
- hereditary factor.
Bruises thiab phais feem ntau hu ua "mistaken" aneurysms. Hauv qhov xwm txheej noo ntawm cov hlab ntsha xws li tsis tau sau tseg, thiab tus kab mob yog qhia los ntawm lub pulsating hematoma ncig los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nruj.
Signs
Qhov pib ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg yuav tsis hnov los ntawm tus neeg mob txhua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov ntim me me. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev nce hauv cov qog, qhov mob vibrating ntawm ceg tuaj yeem hnov - nws ua rau muaj zog nrog kev tawm dag zog lub cev. Indications ntawm aneurysm kuj yog spasms ntawm cov ceg ceg, cov ntaub so ntswg tuag, thiab o ntawm limb. Cov tsos mob zoo sib xws yog txuam nrog qhov tsis muaj kev ncig ntawm ceg.
Diagnosis
Nyob rau hauv kev kuaj mob zoo li no, qhov twg txawm tias cov hlab ntsha femoral tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj, rau feem ntau cov txheej txheem tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tau siv, txawm li cas los xij, kev kuaj mob hauv chaw kuaj mob kuj pom zoo rau qee lub sijhawm. Cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev kuaj mob muaj xws li: ultrasound, angiography, MRI thiab xam tomography. Rau chav kuaj: dav dav thiab biochemical tsom xam cov zis thiab ntshav. Ntxiv rau cov kev tshawb fawb no, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas los ntawm tus kws phais mob vascular.
Kev kho mob
Txog tam sim no, tsuas yog kev kho mob rau qhov aneurysm yog kev phais. Nyob ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm pathology thiab cov teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv tau: hlab ntsha bypass, prosthetics. Tseem muaj peev xwm siv txoj kev stenting, uas yog suav tias yooj yim dua rau tus neeg mob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug heev complex anomaly, coj mus rau ib tug loj heevcov ntaub so ntswg necrosis, ceg yuav tsum tau txiav.
Txhais tau
Ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim yog qhov pom ntawm cov ntshav txhaws hauv cov hlab ntsha, uas tuaj yeem ua rau thromboembolism ntawm cov hlab ntsha femoral. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntshav txhaws tuaj yeem ua rau lawv nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub paj hlwb, ua rau lawv txhaws, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov no tsuas yog ua rau tus neeg mob lub cev tsis zoo. Aneurysm ruptures tsis tshua muaj, feem ntau ua rau embolism lossis gangrene ntawm ceg.
Yog kuaj tau raws sijhawm, kev txhim kho ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau, txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov xwm txheej tsis saib xyuas, qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev txiav ntawm ceg lossis txawm tias tus neeg mob tuag. Hauv qhov no, txawm tias muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg me ntsis ntawm pathology, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov tsim nyog.
Tus kab mob no (tseem hu ua thromboembolism) yog ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Nrog imperceptible thrombosis (thaiv) ntawm cov hlab ntsha nrog cov khoom ntawm hematoma, rog emboli, thiab atherosclerotic plaques, cov neeg mob thaum xub thawj tsis pom kev hloov. Thiab tsuas yog nrog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no tau pom. Nrog ceev ceev ntawm lub nkoj, tus neeg mob tam sim ntawd xav tias deterioration, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqaij mos necrosis, txiav ntawm ceg lossis tuag.
Clinical indicators
Thromboembolism, qhov twg cov hlab ntsha (femoral) yog qhov cuam tshuam loj heev, yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev maj mam nce hauv qhov mob ntawm ceg - qhov no tuaj yeem pom tshwj xeeb nrogtaug kev lossis lwm yam kev ua si lub cev. Qhov mob no cuam tshuam nrog kev txo qis hauv cov hlab ntsha, nrog rau kev txo qis hauv cov ntshav mus rau ceg, thiab poob ntawm nws cov leeg nqaij. Nrog rau qhov no, txhawm rau txhim kho cov ntshav ncig, lub nkoj ntim khoom pib qhib. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv qab qhov chaw uas cov ntshav txhaws.
Thaum tshuaj xyuas ceg, nws daim tawv nqaij daj ntseg, nws qhov kub thiab txias (nws txias rau qhov kov). Qhov rhiab heev ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev, qhov twg cov hlab ntsha (femoral) dag, txo qis. Nyob ntawm qhov tsim ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, lub pulsation ntawm cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem hnov los yog tsis hnov tsw.
Diagnosis
Ua tiav siv txoj kev ntsuas. Rau qhov no, rheography thiab oscillography yog siv. Txawm li cas los xij, arteriography yog suav tias yog cov ntaub ntawv tshaj plaws ntawm kev ntsuas ntsuas, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm lub thrombus, nrog rau qib ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Kev xa mus rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog muab thaum pom cov cim qhia thaum kuaj: reddened los yog daj ntseg ntawm txhais ceg, tsis muaj nws rhiab heev, mob thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub siab. Kev mus ntsib kws kho mob vascular kuj raug pom zoo, leej twg yuav qhia txog seb cov hlab ntsha femoral yog dab tsi thiab yuav tshwm sim dab tsi los ntawm thrombosis.
Kev kho mob
Kev kho mob thromboembolism suav nrog tshuaj thiab phais. Nrog kev kho mobanticoagulants, cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog thrombolytic thiab antispastic kev txiav txim raug sau tseg. Thaum lub sij hawm kev phais, cov txheej txheem ntawm vascular plasty, embolectomy thiab thrombectomy yog siv.
Kev tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha femoral
Kev mob hnyav ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog qhov ua txhaum loj ntawm kev ncig ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha los ntawm cov hlab ntsha los yog embolus. Cov mob no suav hais tias yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm occlusion nyob rau hauv lub aorta, lub ntuj outflow ntawm cov ntshav yog cuam tshuam, uas ua rau ntxiv tsim ntawm txhaws. Cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem npog cov khoom lag luam, cov ntshav txhaws tuaj yeem kis tau txawm tias mus rau venous system. Qhov xwm txheej yog thim rov qab li ntawm 3-6 teev tom qab pib. Thaum kawg ntawm lub sijhawm no, kev sib sib zog nqus ischemia ua rau tom qab hloov pauv tsis tau necrotic.
