Lub caij txias, uas feem ntau nrog los ntawm nag lossis daus, kav ntev heev hauv peb txoj kab nruab nrab. Thiab raws li koj paub, nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm high humidity, cov kab mob kis thiab kis tau zoo. Feem ntau, tag nrho cov mob khaub thuas (ARVI los yog mob khaub thuas) pib nrog ib qho yooj yim los ntswg qhov ntswg. Tsis muaj cov tsos mob no yuav tsum tsis quav ntsej kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem yav tom ntej. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau lub hauv paus ntawm kev kis tus kab mob, uas thaum pib yog nyob hauv zos, raws li txoj cai, hauv nasopharynx.
Raws li WHO txheeb cais, kab mob kis tau ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Lawv cuam tshuam rau tib neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog. Hauv kev kho mob, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tau siv rau hauv qhov ntswg.
Ntau yam thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm hom no
Muaj ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv daim ntawv tee, tshuaj pleev thiab tshuaj tsuag. los ntawm feem ntauFeem ntau yog tee raws tib neeg interferon - polypeptide uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, interferon inducers ua raws li cov khoom xyaw nquag - cov tshuaj uas nquag txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj interferon hauv lub cev.
Thaum tus kab mob nkag mus rau hauv qhov ntswg, nws khi rau saum npoo ntawm tus tswv tsev cell, thiab tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau hauv nws tag nrho (endocytosis) lossis qhia nws cov nucleic acid rau hauv lub cell siv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua haujlwm ntawm ntau theem ntawm kev kis tus kab mob. Qee qhov rhuav tshem nws cov khoom, thaum lwm tus nres lawv cov synthesis thiab faib.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kab mob microbial thiab kab mob hauv lub cev, muaj cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb - interferons (protein molecules). Lawv tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw qhia txog tus neeg sawv cev kis kab mob thiab txo qis qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg rau nws qhov tsis zoo. Interferon inductors pab txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov khoom lag luam txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau kis kab mob thiab tawm tsam cov txheej txheem pathological.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv lub qhov ntswg yog siv los kho thiab tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm ARVI pawg thiab mob khaub thuas. Muaj ob peb contraindications rau kev siv cov tshuaj no, thiab lub ntsiab ib tug yog hypersensitivity rau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj.
Feem ntau cov tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm interferon, uas muaj protein ntau, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj. Yog li, cov khoom zoo li no yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj rau cov neeg uas muaj kev tsis haum rau cov qe qaib.
Txoj cai siv tshuaj
Nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob siv tshuaj tua kab mob hauv qhov ntswg ntau dua 2 zaug hauv ib xyoos. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub xeev ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv menyuam yaus. Kev siv ntau zaus ntawm cov tshuaj no txo cov qib ntawm nws tus kheej interferon, uas ua rau lub cev raug kab mob thiab kab mob.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub qhov ntswg tsis yog siv nrog cov tshuaj vasoconstrictor, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov mucous qhuav ntau dhau. Txoj cai tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob ua pa nyuaj yog tias kev daws teeb meem ntawm interferon thiab lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsum tsis yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob, lawv tsuas yog yuav tsum tau siv ua ke (feem ntau nrog cov tshuaj hauv qhov ncauj rau kev ua haujlwm). Ua ntej instillation rau hauv lub qhov ntswg, nws raug nquahu kom sov lub raj mis hauv koj txhais tes. Nrog rau qhov ntswg qhov ntswg hnyav thiab qhov ntswg congestion, koj yuav tsum xub tshem tawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg los ntawm kev ntxuav nrog saline.
Rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub qhov ntswg yuav tsum tau siv thaum ntxov li sai tau thaum pib ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, txij li lub cev pib tsim cov tshuaj interferons ntawm nws tus kheej nkaus xwb nyob rau hnub 3 ntawm qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm cov cuab yeej nrov
Txhua yam tshuaj hauv pawg no yog tsim los tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis thiab yuav luag tib lub tswv yimcuam tshuam, tab sis lawv nyob deb ntawm uniform. Cov tshuaj sib txawv muaj cov khoom sib txawv. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog:
- Grippferon;
- "Nazoferon";
- "Derinat";
- "Ingaron";
- "Viferon" (ointment);
- Genferon Teeb.
Grippferon
Cov no yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis muaj xim rau cov menyuam yaus, ntim rau hauv 10 lossis 5 ml fwj, Lavxias ua. Lub txee lub neej ntawm cov tshuaj no yog 2 xyoos, tab sis lub vial qhib yuav tsum khaws cia tsis pub ntev tshaj 1 lub hlis. Cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj no yog tib neeg recombinant interferon alfa-2b. Cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hnyav, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tau sau rau kev kho mob catarrhal pathologies, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv lawv.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no tso cai rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab menyuam yaus thaum yug los. Contraindications rau kev siv yog nyiam tsim kev tsis haum tshuaj thiab ib tug neeg intolerance rau interferon. Kev kho mob kav 5 hnub.
Rau lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv, tom qab sib cuag nrog tus neeg mob lossis hypothermia, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pheej yig no ob zaug ib hnub. Ib nias rau ntawm lub vial yog sib npaug rau 1 koob tshuaj.
Nws yog qhov tsis tsim nyog siv vasoconstrictor tee thiab tshuaj tsuag tib lub sijhawm kom tsis txhob ziab tawm ntawm cov mucous. Raws li kev phiv, cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus qhia tias ua xuacov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas kuj tau lees paub los ntawm cov neeg mob tshuaj xyuas (qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pob liab liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij). Feem ntau, cov tshuaj no yog tus yam ntxwv zoo thiab yog ib qho kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo tshaj plaws. Thaum siv nws, muaj qhov txo qis hauv lub sijhawm rov qab, ua siab ntev thiab tsis muaj teeb meem.
Nazoferon
Nov yog Ukrainian-ua tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ntswg rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. Nws los nyob rau hauv ob daim ntawv:
- nasal tee: pob tshab, tsis muaj xim, 5 ml txhua hauv iav fwj nrog droppers;
- nasal spray: pob tshab, tsis muaj xim, 5 ml hauv iav fwj nrog lub twj tso kua mis.
Cov tshuaj "Nazoferon" muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, immunomodulatory thiab tiv thaiv kab mob. Interferon - lub active tivthaiv ntawm cov tshuaj no - ib tug tiv thaiv kab mob, uas muaj ib tug pronounced cov ntaub so ntswg tshwj xeeb, pab tiv thaiv cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob.
Cov teebmeem tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj "Nazoferon":
- Inhibition of virus replication (adenovirus, influenza virus) vim muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhais lus thiab kev sau ntawv.
- Inhibition of the process of reproduction of cells with viruses (antiproliferative effect).
- pib tsim cov protein kinase, ib qho enzyme tshwj xeeb uas tiv thaiv kev txhais lus vim phosphorylation ntawm ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem pib ntawm cov txheej txheem no.
- Ua kom muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb ribonuclease uas ua rau cov kab mob sib kisRNA.
- Induction ntawm kev tsim cov enzyme tshwj xeeb.
- Kev txhawb siab ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lwm cov cytokines.
- Inhibition ntawm cell proliferation.
- Immunomodulation (txhim kho phagocytic kev ua ntawm macrophages).
Txiav thiab tshuaj tsuag yog sau rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm SARS thiab mob khaub thuas hauv cov neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog. Cov tshuaj no yog siv rau ntev thiab nquag cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob ua pa, nrog rau tom qab kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg mob, tom qab hypothermia, nrog rau lub caij nyoog nce nyob rau hauv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam pawg. Cov tshuaj "Nazoferon" yog contraindicated thaum muaj hnub nyoog txog li 1 lub hlis (rau tee) los yog 1 xyoo (rau tshuaj tsuag), thaum cev xeeb tub, lactation thiab tsis haum cov kab mob.
Derinat
Dab tsi lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qhov ntswg tuaj yeem siv tau rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus? "Derinat" yog ib hom tshuaj Lavxias rau kev siv sab nraud thiab hauv zos: pob tshab, tsis muaj xim, 10 lossis 20 ml yog nchuav rau hauv iav fwj los yog 10 ml rau hauv lub raj mis los yog rau hauv lub raj mis nrog cov tshuaj tsuag nozzle. Cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv lub qhov ntswg yog sodium deoxyribonucleate (0.25%).
Cov tshuaj "Derinat" ua kom cov txheej txheem ntawm cov cellular thiab humoral tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws cov nyhuv immunomodulatory yog muab los ntawm stimulation ntawm B-lymphocytes thiab T-helpers. Cov tshuaj activates lub cev lub nonspecific tsis kam, txo inflammatory tshuaj, tsub kom lub cev tsis muaj zog teb rau fungal, kab mob thiab kab mob antigens, stimulates reparative thiab regenerative txheej txheem, nce. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob mus rau qhov kev ua ntawm kev kis kab mob, txhawb kev tswj hwm ntawm hematopoiesis (normalization ntawm leukocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, granulocytes, phagocytes).
Vim hais tias lymphotropism tau hais, kev siv Derinat txhawb nqa cov kua dej thiab tshem tawm cov kua dej ntawm cov kab mob lymphatic. Cov tshuaj no txo cov rhiab heev ntawm cov hlwb rau cov teebmeem ntawm kev kho hluav taws xob thiab tsis muaj embryotoxic, teratogenic thiab carcinogenic teebmeem.
Cov tshuaj no hauv lub qhov ntswg tsuas muaj ib qho contraindication - rhiab heev rau cov khoom ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab nws siv tau tso cai rau cov menyuam yaus txij hnub 1 ntawm lub neej.
Ingaron
Cov tshuaj no yog tshuaj tua kab mob hauv qhov ntswg rau menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua kev kho mob thawj zaug lossis ua ib feem ntawm kev kho ua ke.
Cov tshuaj "Ingaron" yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv - ib tug lyophilizate rau kev daws rau intramuscular, subcutaneous los yog intranasal tswj. Cov teebmeem kev kho mob yog muab los ntawm interferon gamma, cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj. Cov tshuaj no feem ntau tsim tawm hauv lub cev los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ua haujlwm ntau. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj recombinant interferon gamma tau los ntawm genetic engineering technologies.
Cov no pheej yig, tab sis zoo tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qhov ntswg muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, kom nws sai sai ntes thiab tua cov kab mob thiab cov hlwb puas los ntawm lawv. Antiviral kev uaCov tshuaj no yog vim tsis ncaj thiab ncaj qha rau cov kab mob. Qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha yog tias interferon gamma thaiv kev tsim cov kab mob kis kab mob, DNA thiab RNA. Qhov cuam tshuam tsis ncaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog los txhawb cov hlwb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los tsim ntau yam tshuaj uas muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev kis tus kab mob. Cov tshuaj yog muab rau txhua lub hnub nyoog.
Viferon
Tus neeg tiv thaiv kab mob no yog tsim nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj pleev rau hauv zos thiab sab nrauv siv, yellowish-dawb nyob rau hauv cov xim nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb tsw. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj recombinant interferon alfa-2b. Tus neeg sawv cev yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, immunomodulatory tshuaj uas siv rau sab hauv ntawm lub qhov ntswg. Qhov no tshuaj tua kab mob qhov ntswg rau cov me nyuam thiab cov neeg laus kuj muaj anti-proliferative zog.
Kev txwv tsis pub siv yog hnub nyoog qis dua 1 xyoos thiab rhiab rau cov tshuaj.
Genferon Teeb
Cov khoom siv kho mob no yog tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab tshuaj hauv tsev thiab muaj ob hom: tshuaj tua kab mob qhov ntswg thiab tee. Cov cuab yeej no, thaum muab tso rau hauv lub qhov ntswg, muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, kom nws sai sai ntes thiab tua cov kab mob thiab cov hlwb puas los ntawm lawv.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov tshuaj no yog vim tsis ncaj thiab ncaj qha rau cov kab mob. Cov nyhuv ncaj qha yog tias cov tshuaj active blockscov kab mob kis kab mob thiab inhibits kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob. Qhov cuam tshuam tsis ncaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog los txhawb cov hlwb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, uas tsim cov khoom siv ntau dua uas muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob. Taurine, tam sim no nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj no, yog ib tug muaj zog antioxidant uas muaj daim nyias nyias-stabilizing thiab immunomodulatory zog. Nws normalizes cov txheej txheem metabolic thiab restores cov ntaub so ntswg. Zoo khaws cia cov bioactivity ntawm interferon, uas ua rau kom cov nyhuv kho ntawm Genferon Light.
Tus neeg saib xyuas qhov ntswg no yog contraindicated hauv tee rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 1 hlis, thiab hauv daim ntawv tshuaj tsuag - txog li 14 xyoo. Cov tshuaj no kuj tsis siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm rhiab heev rau nws cov Cheebtsam.
Zoo kawg
Tshuaj tua kab mob hauv qhov ntswg yog nrov heev hnub no. Cov neeg mob qhia lawv tias muaj kev nyab xeeb, pheej yig cov tshuaj kom muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ua tiav cov kab mob sib kis. "Grippferon" tee raug lees paub tias yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo tshaj plaws, vim lawv cov nqi qis thiab muaj peev xwm siv rau cov menyuam mos. Cov tshuaj muaj npe nrov thiab muaj pov thawj los ntawm cov koob no kuj yog Viferon ointment.
