Ntau tus neeg mob tom qab mus ntsib kws kho mob lub chaw ua haujlwm tau ntsib nrog kev kuaj mob ntawm "congestive optic paj hlwb". Lo lus no tsis yog ib txwm meej, uas ua rau cov neeg mob nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv. Dab tsi yog nrog los ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo li no thiab cov teeb meem dab tsi yog fraught nrog? Dab tsi yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho stagnation? Cov tshuaj niaj hnub tuaj yeem muab kho li cas?
YPathology yog dab tsi?
Ua ntej tshaj, nws tsim nyog nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus. Tsis yog txhua tus paub tias qhov tseeb qhov kev kuaj mob no qhia txog edema. Lub congestive optic disc yog ib tug pathology uas yog nrog los ntawm edema, thiab nws cov tsos tsis txuam nrog ib tug inflammatory txheej txheem.
Tus mob no tsis yog kab mob ywj pheej. Puffiness nyob rau hauv feem ntau yog txuam nrog ib tug tas mus li nce nyob rau hauv intracranial siab. Qhov teeb meem no tau ntsib tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus xwb - ib tug congestive optic paj hlwb taub hau nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam yog feem ntau kuaj. Qhov no pathologyib txwm cuam tshuam rau qhov pom thiab, yog tias tsis kho, tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha atrophy thiab dig muag. Edema tuaj yeem yog ib leeg, tab sis raws li kev tshawb fawb txheeb cais, tus kab mob feem ntau cuam tshuam rau ob lub qhov muag ib zaug.
Congestive optic disc: ua rau
Raws li twb tau hais lawm, feem ntau, o tuaj yeem tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev nce siab hauv intracranial. Thiab tuaj yeem muaj ntau qhov laj thawj rau qhov no:
- Txog 60-70% ntawm cov mob congestive optic disc yog txuam nrog cov qog nqaij hlav hauv hlwb. Txog rau tam sim no, nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb puas muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov loj ntawm neoplasm thiab qhov tsos ntawm edema. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws paub tias qhov ze ntawm cov qog yog mus rau lub sinuses ntawm lub hlwb, qhov ceev cov congestive disc yog tsim thiab zuj zus.
- Cov kab mob ua paug ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm lub hlwb (tshwj xeeb, mob meningitis) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob.
- Risk yam kuj muaj xws li abscess tsim.
- Ib qho congested disc tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob ntawm lub hlwb los yog hemorrhage nyob rau hauv lub ventricles thiab paj hlwb.
- Ib yam kab mob qee zaum pom nyob rau hauv hydrocephalus (ib yam mob uas yog nrog los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm kev tawm ntawm cov kua hauv hlwb thiab nws cov tsub zuj zuj hauv cov ventricles).
- Cov lus tsis zoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg edema.
- Ntau zaus, qhov ua rau ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm congestive optic disc yog hlwv, nrog rau lwm yam kev tsim uas maj mam loj tuaj.sizes.
- Cov kab mob no tuaj yeem tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm thrombosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas muab cov ntshav ncig hauv lub hlwb.
- Lwm yam ua rau muaj xws li ntshav qab zib mellitus, mob ntshav siab thiab lwm yam kab mob uas nws thiaj li ua rau metabolic thiab hypoxic hlwb puas tsuaj.
Qhov tseeb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev thaum lub sij hawm kuaj mob los txiav txim raws nraim qhov ua rau ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm edema ntawm lub paj hlwb, txij li thaum kev kho mob regimen thiab tus neeg mob txoj kev rov qab sai nyob ntawm nws.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim duab kho mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm pathology
Tau kawg, daim ntawv teev cov tsos mob yog ib yam uas tsim nyog nyeem. Tom qab tag nrho, sai dua qhov no lossis qhov ua txhaum cai no tau pom, sai dua tus neeg mob yuav mus ntsib kws kho mob. Tam sim ntawd nws yuav tsum tau hais tias nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm no pathology, ib txwm tsis pom kev yog khaws cia, thiab rau lub sij hawm ntev. Tab sis ntau tus neeg mob yws ntawm qee zaus mob taub hau.
Ib qho khoom siv kho qhov muag pom tau pom los ntawm qhov tsis pom kev tsis pom kev, mus txog qhov muag tsis pom. Raws li txoj cai, nws yog luv luv, thiab tom qab ntawd txhua yam rov qab mus rau qhov qub rau ib ntus. Ib qho tshwm sim zoo sib xws yog txuam nrog cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha - ib pliag, cov hlab ntsha tsis tau txais cov as-ham thiab oxygen. Hauv qee cov neeg mob, xws li "kev tawm tsam" tsuas yog pom qee zaus, lwm tus neeg mob raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev hloov ntawm qhov muag yuav luag txhua hnub. Needless hais, yuav ua li cas txaus ntshai qhov muag tsis pom kev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm ntawd ib tug neeg tsav tsheb, hla txoj kev,ua haujlwm nrog cov cuab yeej txaus ntshai.
Lub sijhawm dhau mus, retina tseem koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem, uas yog nrog los ntawm kev txo qis hauv kev pom. Thaum kuaj xyuas cov fundus, tus kws kho mob yuav pom cov hemorrhages me me, uas tshwm sim vim tsis muaj cov ntshav ncig hauv cov qauv ntawm lub qhov muag ntsuas. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob no, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau.
theem ntawm kev txhim kho kab mob
Nws yog ib txwm ua kom paub qhov txawv ntau theem ntawm kev txhim kho pathology:
- Thaum pib, muaj hyperemia ntawm lub disc, nqaim ntawm cov hlab ntsha me thiab tortuosity ntawm venous hlab ntsha.
- Pronounced stage - congestive optic disc nce loj, me me hemorrhages tshwm nyob ib ncig ntawm nws.
- Thaum lub sijhawm hais lus, lub disk tau tawm mus rau hauv thaj chaw vitreous lub cev, kev hloov pauv tau pom nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub retinal macula.
- Ua raws li theem ntawm atrophy, uas lub disk flattens thiab ua qias neeg grey. Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas pom cov teeb meem tsis pom kev pib tshwm. Ua ntej, muaj ib feem, thiab tom qab ntawd ua tiav qhov tsis pom kev.
thawj theem ntawm tus kabmob thiab nws cov yam ntxwv
Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev txhim kho pathology, tus neeg mob yuav tsis paub txog qhov muaj teeb meem ntawm txhua qhov, vim tias tsuas yog tsis muaj qhov pom kev tsis pom kev. Thaum lub sijhawm no, nws tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov ua txhaum cai - raws li txoj cai, qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm lub sijhawmteem caij kuaj qhov muag.
Cov discs o thiab loj tuaj, lawv cov npoo yog fuzzy thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub cev vitreous. Hauv kwv yees li 20% ntawm cov neeg mob, cov mem tes hauv cov leeg me me ploj mus. Txawm tias tsis pom cov tsos mob tshwm sim, retina kuj pib o.
Yuav ua li cas nrog kev txhim kho tus kabmob ntxiv?
Yog tias tsis kho, qee qhov cim tau pom lawm. Dab tsi yog qhov teeb meem ntawm congested optic disc? Cov tsos mob zoo li qub. Cov neeg mob maj mam txo qhov pom kev pom. Thaum kuaj xyuas, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov nthuav dav ntawm thaj tsam ntawm qhov muag tsis pom.
Yav tom ntej, stagnation ntawm cov ntshav hauv cov hlab ntsha tsim, thiab cov hlab ntsha tsis zoo, raws li koj paub, cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov paj hlwb. Disc edema yog zuj zus. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem mus rau hauv lub sijhawm ntev. Nyob rau theem no, qhov muag pom kev zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho lossis poob qis. Hauv qhov no, qhov nqaim ntawm qhov chaw tsis pom kev tuaj yeem pom.
Cov txheej txheem kuaj mob niaj hnub
Congestive optic disc yog ib yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm tus kws kho qhov muag, vim tias tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav xav tias muaj qee yam tsis raug nrog kev kuaj xyuas kom zoo thiab kuaj pom. Tab sis txij li thaum pathology yog txuam nrog cov kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb, kev kho mob yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib tug neurologist los yog ib tug neurosurgeon.
Qhov muaj edema tuaj yeem txiav txim siab raug thaum lub sijhawm retinotomography. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, kev tshawb fawb ntxiv tau ua tiav, lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm edema thiab txheeb xyuas qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev loj hlob.kab mob. Rau qhov no, tus neeg mob raug xa mus rau kev kuaj ultrasound ntawm lub paj hlwb. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, X-ray kuaj ntawm pob txha taub hau, xam tomography thiab kho qhov muag coherence tomography yog nqa tawm.
Congestive optic disc kho
Tam sim ntawd nws yuav tsum tau hais tias kev kho mob feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov ua rau kev loj hlob, vim nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kho, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, thawj kab mob. Piv txwv li, nrog rau mob meningitis, cov neeg mob tau muab tshuaj tua kab mob (antifungal, antiviral) tsim nyog. Nrog hydrocephalus, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kua cerebrospinal, thiab lwm yam.
Ntxiv rau, congestive optic disc xav tau kev kho mob txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm theem nrab atrophy. Pib nrog, lub cev qhuav dej yog nqa tawm, uas tshem tawm cov kua dej ntau dhau thiab txo qhov o. Cov neeg mob kuj tau sau tshuaj vasodilator uas normalize ntshav ncig hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv cov hlab ntsha, muab cov hlwb uas tsim nyog ntawm cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham. Ib feem ntawm kev kho mob kuj tseem noj cov tshuaj metabolic uas txhim kho thiab tswj cov metabolism hauv cov neurons, ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb.
Thaum thawj qhov laj thawj raug tshem tawm, cov kab mob kho qhov muag pom tau ploj mus - kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab lub ntsej muag tsom mus rau qhov qub. Tab sis qhov tsis muaj kev kho mob feem ntau ua rau tsis pom kev ua tiav. Tias yog vim li cas tsis muaj teeb meem koj yuav tsum tsis kam kho thiab tsis quav ntsej cov lus qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Puas muaj kev tiv thaiv?
Tam sim ntawd nws yuav tsum tau hais tias tsis muaj tshuaj lossis cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm pathology. Tib yam uas kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom zoo yog kev kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua los ntawm tus kws kho mob ophthalmologist. Lawm, koj yuav tsum zam cov xwm txheej uas ua rau lub hlwb raug mob.
Txhua yam kab mob sib kis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau qhov mob ntawm lub paj hlwb, yuav tsum tau kho, thiab kev kho mob yuav tsum tsis txhob tso tseg kom txog thaum lub cev rov zoo tag nrho. Ntawm qhov pom kev tsis pom kev me ntsis lossis pom cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho qhov muag lossis kws kho paj hlwb.
