Deforming spondylosis: ua rau, qhia, theem, kho

Cov txheej txheem:

Deforming spondylosis: ua rau, qhia, theem, kho
Deforming spondylosis: ua rau, qhia, theem, kho

Video: Deforming spondylosis: ua rau, qhia, theem, kho

Video: Deforming spondylosis: ua rau, qhia, theem, kho
Video: Tip Tip Full Video Sooryavanshi | Akshay Kumar, Katrina K | Udit N, Alka Y, Tanishk | Rohit Shetty 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Ib qho teeb meem ntawm osteochondrosis nrog cov mob hnyav uas ua rau muaj kev txwv ntawm tib neeg kev txav mus los yog hu ua deforming spondylosis. Cov feem ntau pathology nyob rau hauv relation mus rau lub lumbar. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev puas tsuaj rau cov pob qij txha ntawm thaj chaw no tau sau tseg nrog kev tsim cov osteophytes, uas ua rau cov leeg txha caj qaum thiab ua rau khaus ntawm qhov ntev anterior ligament.

Txoj kev xav

Osteochondrosis ua rau muaj zog hauv cov qauv ntawm cov qauv uas ua rau tus txha nraub qaum. Lub intervertebral disc pib nyias thiab poob nws elasticity vim yog kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic. Nws tso tseg tsis ua ib qho kev poob siab-absorbing muaj nuj nqi, nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg pib loj hlob. Lub cev vertebral yuav tsum tsis txhob kov txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev mob, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm ib yam dab tsi.

Deforming spondylosis ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum
Deforming spondylosis ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum

Qhov no ua rau tsim cov osteophytes,uas ua hauj lwm pab txhawb rau lawv, hais lus tshaj lawv cov ntug. Nrog rau cov txheej txheem loj hlob, osteophytes tuaj yeem ua tiav fuse, uas ua rau fusion thiab immobilization ntawm ob lub vertebrae.

Bend classification

Deforming spondylosis yog tsim los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm tus txha nraub qaum. Cov nkhaus uas muaj lub cev muaj zog zoo pib hloov mus rau ntau qhov kev taw qhia, uas ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem:

  • Kyphosis - manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub anterior-posterior dav hlau nyob rau hauv lub hauv siab cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug curvature ntawm qaum. Ib tug neeg lub hauv siab ntsws ntsws, lub xub pwg nyom, thiab lawv stoop, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub hunchback.
  • Lordosis yog ib qho curvature ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug pem hauv ntej bulge yog tsim, pom nyob rau hauv lub lumbar thiab lub ncauj tsev menyuam cheeb tsam. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev muaj zog yog tias qhov ntsuas ntawm kev khoov yog nyob rau hauv tus qauv, nrog rau cov kab mob pathological, lub taub hau thiab lub xub pwg nyom txav mus rau pem hauv ntej, lub hauv siab protrudes, thiab lub plab mus rau pem hauv ntej. Hyperlordosis ua rau compression ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, cov leeg nqaij.
  • Scoliosis - kab txha caj qaum yog hloov pauv mus rau lub hauv paus axis.

Kev faib tawm ntawm kyphosis thiab scoliosis

Deforming spondylosis ua rau cov teeb meem saum toj no. Kyphosis raws li lub kaum sab xis ntawm curvature muab faib ua ob peb hom:

  • normal;
  • rectified (lub kaum sab xis);
  • reinforced (nws yog enlarged).

Qhov kawg saib yog qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws. Nws, nyob rau hauv lem, txawv peb degrees:

  1. Ab txog 35degrees suav nrog.
  2. 35 txog 60 degrees.
  3. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm 60 degrees lossis ntau dua.
Deforming spondylosis ntawm lub lumbar
Deforming spondylosis ntawm lub lumbar

Scoliosis yog subdivided rau hauv:

  • lumbar;
  • plab;
  • ncauj tsev menyuam;
  • mixed.

Arcs ntawm curvature yuav tshwm sim tsis yog ib zaug, tab sis ob peb, uas ua rau muaj ntau hom scoliosis: C, S, Z. Nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv, 4 degrees ntawm tus kab mob no txawv.:

  1. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm curvature mus txog 10 degrees suav nrog. Muaj kev ua txhaum me ntsis ntawm qib ntawm lub xub pwg nyom.
  2. Lub kaum sab xis yog 11-25 °. Lub deformation yog pom tau.
  3. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm 25 txog 50 degrees. Ib sab hauv yog tsim.
  4. Lub kaum ntse ntse tshaj 50 °. Cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev tsis tau tsim kho, ib tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem zam txawm tias lub cev tawm dag zog.

Yog vim li cas

Deforming spondylosis ntawm tus txha nraub qaum feem ntau raug rau cov neeg uas nws ua haujlwm yuam kom lawv nyob hauv qhov chaw zoo li qub rau lub sijhawm ntev lossis cuam tshuam nrog kev tawm dag zog lub cev zoo.

Lub ntsiab ua rau muaj kab mob muaj raws li hauv qab no:

  • comorbidities;
  • kev tsis zoo;
  • metabolic disorder;
  • rov qab raug mob;
  • laus;
  • overweight.

Kev txhim kho ntawm deforming spondylosis ntawm lumbar qaum kuj cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm yam:

  • kev ua neej nyob sedentary;
  • ntau yam kab mob, qhov chaw ntawm o, oncology;
  • genetic predisposition.

Symptomatics

Cov tsos mob ntawm deforming spondylosis txawv nyob ntawm seb tus kab mob nyob qhov twg.

Tshwj xeeb, nws tuaj yeem nyob hauv thaj chaw ncauj tsev menyuam. Daim ntawv no yog qhov txaus ntshai thiab muaj ntau. Qhov txaus ntshai yog tias cerebral ncig yuav cuam tshuam. Cov cim qhia pom muaj tus kab mob hauv thaj chaw no:

  • kiv taub hau thaum tig taub hau;
  • crunch thaum ua xws li txav;
  • kev mob caj dab tsis zoo;
  • tshwm sim ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam lordosis;
  • xav tes;
  • mob mob hauv lub caj dab, tawg mus rau sab nraub qaum ntawm lub taub hau thiab lub xub pwg nyom.

Thoracic spondylosis yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:

  • ua pa qis thiab nrawm kom tsis txhob mob mob;
  • tshwm sim ntawm scoliosis;
  • mob plab lossis mob nraub qaum.

Feem ntau yog deforming spondylosis ntawm lumbar qaum. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:

  • lumbar lordosis tsim;
  • lub suab ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis qis;
  • sciatica txhim kho;
  • Tseem muaj kev txav mus los hauv thaj tsam lumbar;
  • ntse tua lossis mob tshwm sim;
  • qee zaum, muaj lameness;
  • nce thiab khoov ua rau tib neeg zoo;
  • mob mob tau hnov txawm tias thaum so.

Cov tsos mob zaum kawg yog qhov zoo rau deforming spondylosis 2degree. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau theem ntawm tus kab mob tau muab rau hauv qab no.

Degrees

Muaj peb qib ntawm tus kab mob no tag nrho.

  1. pib deforming spondylosis yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm thawj qib. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov pob txha loj hlob me me, tsis ncua tshaj lub vertebral lub cev. Cov tsos mob me me lossis tsis tuaj.
  2. Nyob rau qib thib ob, muaj kev loj hlob ntawm osteophytes uas pib txuas cov pob txha uas nyob ib sab. Kev txav mus los ntawm tus txha nraub qaum yuav raug txwv, qhov mob ib ntus ntawm qhov mob tshwm sim, ua rau mob hnyav los ntawm hypothermia thiab kev tawm dag zog lub cev.
  3. Nyob rau qib peb, osteophytes fuse ua ke, zoo li lub brace, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tus txha nraub qaum tsis txav. Tus kab mob provokes hnyav nqaij ntshiv, uas ua rau mob ntxiv syndromes.

Ntau zaus kuaj pom tus mob thaum pib ntawm qib 2nd.

Deforming spondylosis raws li ICD

Kev faib tawm thoob ntiaj teb ntawm Kab Mob (ICD) yog siv los coj cov laj thawj uas ua rau lawv thiab cov neeg tuag los ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob mus rau ib qho kev faib thoob ntiaj teb. Spondylosis nrog myelopathy belongs rau lub code M47.1, nrog radiculopathy - M47.2, lwm yam spondylosis - M47.8, unspecified ntau yam ntawm tus kab mob - M47.9.

Diagnosis

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, ua tiav kev kuaj mob hlwb ntawm tus neeg mob. Tom qab ntawd, txhawm rau kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm "deforming spondylosis", cov kev tshawb fawb uas tsim nyog tau ua tiav:

X-ray los txiav txim siab qhov kev puas tsuajvertebrae. Ntawm no, osteophytes pom meej meej, muaj daim ntawv ntawm spikes, lawv fusion, yog tias muaj, pom. Nrog kev pab los ntawm x-ray, nws yog tsim nyob rau theem twg tus kab mob yog, vim hais tias tej zaum nws cov cim qhia tau hais tias ib tug me me loj, thiab cov opposite duab yuav pom tau hais tias, thaum lub sij hawm cov cim qhia implicitly, thiab cov pathological dynamics. hauv qaum teb yog qhov tseem ceeb

Kev kuaj mob ntawm deforming spondylosis
Kev kuaj mob ntawm deforming spondylosis
  • CT thiab MRI yog siv los tshawb xyuas qhov nqaim ntawm tus txha caj qaum thiab pom qhov compression ntawm cov hlab ntsha, saib cov hlab ntsha, ligaments thiab discs. Siv cov hau kev no, qhov siab ntawm intervertebral discs, qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov hlab ntsha yog txiav txim siab.
  • Electroneuromyography yog siv los kuaj xyuas cov kab mob hauv cov hlab ntsha.
  • Yuav kom kuaj tau qog nqaij hlav lossis thaj tsam ntawm qhov mob, siv lub xov tooj cua isotope scan. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov xov tooj cua isotopes yuav raug pom nyob rau hauv thaj chaw pathogenic.

Nyob zoo

Kev kho mob ntawm deforming spondylosis feem ntau yog kev saib xyuas, txawm tias kev phais yuav tsim nyog. Nws lub hom phiaj kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no:

  • txo qis ntawm dystrophic dynamics;
  • txhim kho cov ntshav ncig thiab cov txheej txheem metabolic;
  • tshem tawm ntawm qhov mob syndromes;
  • relieve nqaij spasms.

Kev kho tus txha nraub qaum yog tib yam. Hauv qab no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev kho mob ntawm lumbar qaum. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias qhov ploj ntawm qhov mobtsis qhia txog kev kho mob. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no raug tshem tawm, tab sis lub vertebrae tseem deformed.

Drug therapy

txhawm rau txo qhov mob thiab txo qhov mob sai sai, NSAIDs tau siv, uas tuaj yeem siv tau hauv daim ntawv txhaj tshuaj intramuscular lossis ntsiav tshuaj: Naproxen, Ibuprofen.

Ntxiv rau lawv, cov lus hauv qab no tau siv:

  • tshuaj hormonal npaj ua ib feem ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj intra-articular: hyaluronic acid, glucocorticoids;
  • sedatives normalize pw tsaug zog;
  • vitamin-mineral complexes;
  • Kev kho deforming spondylosis
    Kev kho deforming spondylosis
  • chondroprotectors uas pab txhawb rau kev kho cov pob txha mos, muab cov txheej txheem uas ua rau nws puas tsuaj thiab txhim kho kev noj haus: Dona, Elbona, Chondrolon;
  • muscle relaxants - siv los thaiv qee cov cim ntawm lub hlwb thiab txo cov leeg nro: Tizanidin, Cyclobenzaprine.

kho lub cev

Nws yog siv nrog kev kho tshuaj. Muab cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:

  • massage;
  • pob zeb-mineralogical kho;
  • kub;
  • magnetotherapy;
  • kho mob ultrasound;
  • electrotherapy.

Lwm yam kev saib xyuas zoo

Ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem saum toj no, lawv tuaj yeem siv:

  • traction therapy, nyob rau hauv uas txhua yam stretching ntawm tus txha caj qaum yog nqa tawm, uas tso cai rau koj mus nce lub intervertebral chaw, txo.compression ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv paus;
  • siv lub corset los kho cov pob txha puas lawm hauv txoj haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab kho qhov mob; Nws siv yog ib ntus, txwv tsis pub osteophytes yuav loj hlob thiab cov leeg nqaij atrophy yuav tshwm sim;
Corset rau deforming spondylosis
Corset rau deforming spondylosis
  • hloov pauv txoj kev ua neej, uas muaj kev hloov pauv mus rau kev noj zaub mov kom zoo, tswj lub cev hnyav hauv lub xeev ib txwm muaj, tso tus cwj pwm phem;
  • txaj so - siv thaum pib ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, lub sijhawm - tsis pub dhau 3 hnub, kom cov leeg nqaij atrophy tsis tsim.

Surgery

Nws tau ua tiav hauv 5% ntawm cov neeg mob ntawm kev txhim kho tus kabmob. Nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm mob hnyav unrelieved, loog ntawm extremities, impaired conduction ntawm paj hlwb impulses. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tshem tawm ntawm ntau yam formations uas ua rau pinching ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Tus txha nraub qaum tuaj yeem ruaj khov nrog kev cog qoob loo.

Kev phais rau deforming spodylosis
Kev phais rau deforming spodylosis

kho mob qoj ib ce

Gymnastics rau deforming spondylosis yuav tsum tsis suav nrog ntau dhau ntawm kev thauj khoom, tam sim ntawd txav ntawm lub tuam tsev puas. Kev ua raws li cov kev ua ub ua no tso cai rau koj los txhim kho cov ntshav ncig hauv lawv, tswj cov leeg nqaij, thiab tswj cov leeg txha caj qaum. Hauv qab no yog ib chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob rau lub ncauj tsev menyuam nqaj qaum. Nws yog ua tau nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws tau tshem tawm ntawm tus txha nraub qaum, dag lossis sawv ntawm txhua plaub.

Gymnastics nrog deforming spondylosis
Gymnastics nrog deforming spondylosis
  • Tig taub hau mus rau qhov sib txawv nrog ncab caj npab raws lub cev.
  • Pib txoj hauj lwm - ob txhais tes rau ntawm lub taub hau, exhale - lub taub hau rau pem hauv ntej, kov lub sternum nrog lub puab tsaig, nqus pa - pib txoj hauj lwm nrog lub taub hau.
  • sawv ntsug ncaj nrog ko taw xub pwg dav sib nrug, tsa lub tom kawg thiab sawv ntsug li 2-5 vib nas this.
  • ncig ncig ntawm lub xub pwg nyom, xib teg nias raws lub cev.
  • Kev sib txuas ntawm ob txhais tes hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub xub pwg hniav hloov pauv.

Kev Teeb Meem thiab Kev Ntsuas

Feem ntau, tom kawg yog qhov zoo. Nrog kev kho kom zoo thiab raug xaiv raws sijhawm, lub neej tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev txwv qhov mob. Kev tsis muaj zog tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm lossis tshem tawm tag nrho. Yog tias kev kho tsis tau ua tiav, ces qhov kev txwv ntawm kev txav mus los, loog ntawm sab qis yog ua tau, uas cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm ua haujlwm. Hauv cov mob hnyav heev, qhov mob mob tsis zoo los ntawm kev kho tshuaj.

Nyob hauv kaw

Deforming spondylosis yog ib yam kab mob ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum uas tsim los ua ib qho teeb meem ntawm osteochondrosis thiab manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov tsos ntawm ntau yam curvatures thiab osteophytes uas yuav loj hlob ua ke thiab immobilize tej qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Kev kho mob feem ntau yog kev saib xyuas, qee qhov kev phais. Ntxiv nrog rau kev kho tshuaj, physiotherapy yog nqa tawm, kev tawm dag zog kho mob thiab zaws yog siv. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum kuaj xyuas tus kab mob raws sij hawm, uas yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob sai tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm qhov muaj tus kab mob no.

Pom zoo: