Tib neeg tau kawm txog qhov muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ntxhov siab tam sim ntawd tsis ntev dhau los. Yog li, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias ntau tus tsis paub vim li cas thiaj li muaj kev ceeb ntshai tshwm sim, nrog rau txoj hauv kev los daws nws.
Thiab qhov no txawm tias qhov tseeb tias 10% ntawm cov pejxeem, uas yog, ib ntawm kaum, raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev tawm tsam!
Yog li ntawd, nws tsim nyog xav txog qhov nthuav dav ntxiv yog dab tsi ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob no. Raws li lawv hais, forewarned yog forearmed.
Dab tsi yog kev puas siab puas ntsws (panic) tawm tsam
Yog li no yog dab tsi txog thaum nyuam qhuav tsis paub kab mob?
Kev puas siab puas ntsws yog kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ntshai heev. Nws tshwm sim poob nthav rau ib tug neeg, loj hlob sai heev thiab mus txog nws lub ncov nyob rau hauv ob peb feeb. Ntxiv mus, xws li kev tawm tsam tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsis yog thaum nruab hnub, tab sis kuj thaum hmo ntuj, txawm tias thaum pw tsaug zog.
Lub zog ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej nyob ib puag ncig tus neeg.
Qhov chaw ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no
Kev ntxhov siab tuaj yeem tsis yog ib qho nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem ua qhov cim ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws loj.
Kev tawm tsam ntawm lub hlwb tau dhau los ua teeb meem tiag tiag hauv Asmeskas. Niaj hnub no, kwv yees li 60 lab tus tib neeg nyob ntawd (uas yog 20% ntawm cov pej xeem) raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntau yam kev ntxhov siab, thiab kwv yees li 3 lab tus tib neeg (1.7% ntawm cov pejxeem) tau ntsib kev puas siab puas ntsws tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv lawv lub neej.
Feem ntau, cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 15-19 raug kev mob hlwb, tab sis tseem tsis muaj leej twg tiv thaiv lawv.
Ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws
Kev poob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws. Cov laj thawj vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim tuaj yeem yog cov hauv qab no:
- kev nyuaj siab;
- mob nkees;
- muaj kab mob hlwb thiab somatic;
- siv cov tshuaj uas txhawb lub hlwb;
- teeb meem thiab lub neej nyuaj.
Thawj qhov qaug dab peg tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum hluas, thaum cev xeeb tub, tom qab yug menyuam lossis thaum cev xeeb tub. Qhov no yog vim muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv qib hormonal hauv lub cev.
Ntxiv rau, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov tsim nyog ua ntej rau kev tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob. Cov no suav nrog: kab mob neuropsychiatric lossis somatic, kev quav yeeb tshuaj, cawv.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tus kab mob zoo li no (kev puas siab puas ntsws) tsis tshwm sim yam tsis muaj qee yam yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej hauv cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Thaum ntxov tsos ntawm psychic tawm tsamsuav hais tias yog ib qho cim qhia ntawm vegetative-vascular dystonia.
Psychic attack tsos
Kev ceeb ntshai tsis yog qhov kev lees paub ntawm qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb xws li kev puas hlwb. Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem sib txawv. Tab sis muaj qee yam txheej txheem los ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob no.
Yog li, yog tias ib tus neeg muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws tiag tiag, cov tsos mob yuav ua tau raws li hauv qab no:
- ntxhis heev;
- nce lub plawv dhia thiab mem tes;
- ua pa luv thiab ua tsis taus pa;
- suav;
- mob plab uas tuaj yeem nrog xeev siab;
- tsis xis nyob lossis mob sab laug ntawm lub hauv siab;
- pre-fainting, kiv taub hau, tsis khov kho;
- loog ntawm nqua thiab kev xav ntawm "goosebumps" ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- hloov kub thiab txias;
- muaj kev xav tias txhua yam uas tshwm sim tsis muaj tseeb;
- ntshai tuag;
- Ntshai vwm los yog ua ib yam dab tsi tshwm sim.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, muaj ntau yam tshwm sim. Kev tawm tsam ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws sib txuas nrog yam tsawg kawg plaub ntawm cov tsos mob uas tau teev tseg saum toj no. Tib lub sijhawm, kev ntshai, ntshai thiab kev ntxhov siab tsis txhob tso tus neeg mob hauv 10 feeb.
Tom qab cov tsos mob no, kev puas siab puas ntsws tuaj yeem mus rau theem tom ntej, uas tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm agoraphobic syndrome - ntshai tawm mus rau hauv txoj kev, caij tsheb thauj neeg pej xeem. Lub sijhawm ntev ntawm lub xeev no, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev nyuaj siab ntau dua, thaum lub sijhawm ntawdmuaj kev txo qis hauv tib neeg kev ua ub no, qaug zog nce, qab los noj mov tsis zoo, pw tsaug zog thiab teeb meem nrog lub neej kev sib deev tshwm sim.
Yuav ua li cas txo qhov kev puas siab puas ntsws yam tsis muaj kev pab
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov ib qho tseem ceeb: koj tuaj yeem kawm tswj kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ntshai thiab kev ntxhov siab ntawm koj tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob tsis meej pem thaum lub sij hawm tawm tsam tom ntej, tab sis kom paub meej tias yuav ua li cas thaum lub sij hawm psychic attacks.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev thiab kev tswj hwm, tab sis ib qho ntawm kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev xyaum yog txoj kev tswj kev ua pa. Nws lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog yooj yim heev - koj yuav tsum tau ua kom koj ua pa maj mam mus rau 4-5 ua pa ib feeb. Ua pa sib sib zog nqus (kom deb li deb tau), tom qab ntawd tuav koj txhais tes rau ob peb feeb thiab exhale kom tob. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los ua qhov no nrog koj ob lub qhov muag kaw kom hnov lub zog ntawm cov leeg thiab lub ntsws.
Tom qab ob peb ua pa thiab exhalations, qhov kev ceeb ntshai pib rov qab thiab sai sai ploj mus.
Kev kuaj mob hlwb
Yog tias muaj tsawg kawg yog plaub lub cim ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws (peb tau tham txog lawv saum toj no), koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd kom paub meej ntxiv.
Tus kws kho mob yuav sau cov kev kuaj uas tsim nyog rau tus neeg mob thiab xa nws mus rau electrocardiogram.
Yog tias tsim nyog, yuav tsum tau kuaj ntxiv los ntawm kws kho mob hlwb, kws kho plawv, kws kho mob endocrinologist, kws kho mob pulmonologist.
Tom qab txhua qhov kev xeem thiab kev xeem tau txais hauv ib tus neegqhov kev kho mob tsim nyog rau kev tawm tsam ntawm lub hlwb raug xaiv nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li kev kho mob, kho kev puas siab puas ntsws lossis hypnosis.
Tshuaj rau kev ceeb ntshai
Feem ntau, kev kho mob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws yog ua nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj, vim qhov no yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws kom tshem tau cov kab mob no.
Kev kho tau zoo tshaj plaws yog ua nrog kev pab los ntawm pab pawg tshuaj xws li:
- Tranquilizers.
- Antidepressants.
- Neuroleptics.
Cov tshuaj uas xav tau lossis ib qho kev kho mob (piv txwv li, ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab) raug xaiv cais nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nyob ntawm seb qhov kev kawm thiab cov tsos mob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws.
Tib lub sijhawm, kev kho tshuaj nws tus kheej suav nrog ob theem:
- Kev tawm tsam kev puas siab puas ntsws.
- Tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim rov tshwm sim thiab nws cov tsos mob thib ob (kev nyuaj siab, thiab lwm yam) yav tom ntej.
Kev tawm tsam kev puas siab puas ntsws raug tshem tawm nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tshuaj tranquilizers ("Lorazepam", "Diazepam", "Clonazepam", "Relanium", "Alprazolam", "Lorafen", thiab lwm yam), uas tau muab intravenously lossis noj hauv qhov ncauj.. Qhov kev tawm tsam yuav ploj mus 15-20 feeb tom qab kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj.
Txoj kev kho mob no muaj qhov tsis zoo: cov tshuaj tranquilizers yog rau qee yam tshuaj narcotic, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev ua rau lawv cov tshuaj nquag. Yog li ntawd, tom qab qee lub sijhawmnoj tshuaj nyob rau hauv tus qauv ntau npaum li cas tsis coj tej yam tshwm sim los yog txawm ua rau ib tug muaj zog dependence. Kev noj cov tshuaj tranquilizer tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws tshiab.
Ntxiv rau, nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub tias cov tshuaj tranquilizers tsis tuaj yeem kho tau tus kab mob, tab sis tsuas yog tshem tawm cov tsos mob ib ntus xwb, yog li lawv tsuas yog siv los ua ib qho pab, tab sis tsis yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob hlwb.
Kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau kev tawm tsam kev ntxhov siab yog los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, uas tsis tsuas yog pab tshem tawm kev nyuaj siab, tab sis kuj tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau thiab kev ntshai tsis tsim nyog, kho kev puas siab puas ntsws. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas feem ntau tau sau tseg rau kev kho mob: Anafranil, Zoloft, Cipralex thiab lwm yam.
Neuroleptics, nrog rau cov tshuaj tranquilizers, ua cov tshuaj pabcuam thaum kho kev puas hlwb. Lawv muaj cov nyhuv me me rau lub cev, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, lawv zoo kawg nkaus txo cov tsos mob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov tshuaj xws li Propazine, Etaperazine, Sonapax.
theem thib ob ntawm kev kho mob yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig. Nyob rau theem no, kev kho kom ruaj khov yog siv, uas suav nrog kev noj tshuaj tricyclic antidepressants (TAD), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), xaiv cov tshuaj serotonergic (SSRIs).
TAD pab pawg muaj kev tiv thaiv kev ceeb, tab sispib ua tsuas yog 2-3 lub lis piam tom qab thawj koob tshuaj, uas yog qhov tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, TAD antidepressants tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv xws li qhov ncauj qhuav, cem quav, hnyav nce, thiab lwm yam.
Selective serotonergic drug (SSRIs) muaj tsawg dua kev phiv piv rau qhov kev xaiv dhau los. Cov kev mob tshwm sim tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj no yog kev chim siab, ntxhov siab, thiab qaug zog ntawm kev pw tsaug zog hauv thawj 2 lub lis piam tom qab pib kho. Ntawm qhov ntxiv, SSRI tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab tsuas yog noj ib hnub ib zaug xwb.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm nrog kev kho mob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws, nws cov mob theem nrab, xws li hypochondria, kev nyuaj siab, agoraphobia, kuj raug tshem tawm.
Yuav kho tus mob puas siab puas ntsws thiab noj tshuaj npaum li cas, tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab ntawm tus kheej. Raws li txoj cai, cov koob tshuaj tsawg tshaj plaws tau raug sau tseg, tom qab ntawd nws tau taug qab seb tus kab mob puas poob qis lossis txuas ntxiv txhim kho. Tag nrho cov no yog ua raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob lossis lwm tus kws kho mob lub luag haujlwm rau kev kho mob. Nws yog txwv tsis pub noj nws tus kheej nrog cov tshuaj tranquilizers thiab antidepressants!
Nrog txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev kho mob thiab ua raws li txhua qhov kev pom zoo hauv 90% ntawm cov neeg mob, muaj kev tso cai ruaj khov rau kev ceeb ntshai.
Yuav kom tshem tau tus kab mob zoo dua, siv cov txheej txheem ntsuas.
Tshuaj kev ntxhov siab nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws
Nrog rau kev kho tshuaj, ib chav kawm ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws kuj tau ua, uas txuas ntxiv rau qee lub sijhawm tom qab txiav cov tshuaj, uaspab kom dhau txoj kev no yooj yim dua.
Kev sib tham ntawm tus kws kho mob hlwb tuaj yeem faib ua ob hom: kev kho mob thiab kev kho tob.
Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, kev puas siab puas ntsws nres yog pom raws li cov tsos mob. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb pab kom nkag siab tias yuav ua li cas muaj kev tawm tsam txaus ntshai, koj tuaj yeem ua li cas nrog koj tus kheej. Raws li txoj cai, kev kho mob tshwm sim tsis pub dhau peb lub hlis.
Deep, ntawm qhov tod tes, suav nrog txheeb xyuas cov laj thawj uas ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam. Qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntev, uas tuaj yeem rub rau ntau xyoo. Tus kws kho mob hlwb kawm paub lub ntiaj teb sab hauv ntawm tus neeg, nws tus cwj pwm ntawm nws tus kheej, tsis txaus siab xav tau thiab kev xav tsis meej. Tab sis thaum kawg, tus kws tshaj lij tswj xyuas tsis yog tsuas yog cov tsos mob ntawm qhov teeb meem xwb, tab sis kuj yog nws thawj qhov ua rau.
Psychologists qhia cov neeg mob kom tsis txhob nrhiav qhov tsis zoo ntawm lawv tus kheej, tab sis kom mloog zoo rau lawv qhov zoo. Tsuas yog qhov kev cia siab ntawm lub neej thiab kev xav zoo tuaj yeem tshem tawm tus kab mob thiab xyuas kom nws tsis rov qab los.
Kev sib cais yog ua los txhawb tus neeg mob txoj kev hwm tus kheej, vim nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho tus kheej thiab kev nkag siab ntawm lub ntiaj teb ib puag ncig nws tag nrho.
Kev sib xyaw tshuaj thiab kev kho puas siab puas ntsws pab ua kom cov txheej txheem kho kom zoo, nrog rau qhia qhov tseeb ntawm kev nqis tes ua thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov yav tom ntej.
Tshem tawm kev tawm tsam nrog kev ua siab zoo
Kev kho lub siabKev tawm tsam siv hypnosis yog siv los ntawm cov kws kho mob hlwb. Txoj kev daws teeb meem no tsis ntev los no tau nrov zuj zus vim nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho mob yog yooj yim: thaum lub sij hawm hypnotic pw tsaug zog, tus neeg mob tau muab cov chaw tsim nyog, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm uas yog kom tshem tawm ntawm psychic tawm tsam. Tom qab kev sib tham hypnosis, cov neeg mob hnov kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, kev nkag siab ntawm lub teeb, lub zog thiab lub zog.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev kho hypnotic yog nws cov nyhuv luv luv, nrog rau qhov tseeb tias txoj kev no tsis haum rau txhua tus neeg mob.
Kev tiv thaiv kev ceeb ntshai
Cov neeg uas feem ntau raug kev puas siab puas ntsws nyob hauv lub xeev ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ntxhov siab, vim tias lub cev tsis kam txo qis mus rau qhov tseem ceeb. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, txhua qhov xwm txheej tsis tau pom dua (piv txwv li, kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm) tuaj yeem yog "straw straw kawg" thiab ua rau muaj kev ntshai. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee txoj hauv kev yooj yim los pab txhim kho koj lub siab lub ntsws, txo qis kev ntxhov siab thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws.
- Ntxhais da dej. Ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim heev tab sis siv tau. Cov dav hlau ntawm cov dej txias uas luv luv kov ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones rau lub siab. Txoj kev tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si rau kev tiv thaiv, kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm lub siab lub ntsws, thiab thaum muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ntshai. Yuav ua li cas coj ib tug sib piv da dej? Nws yooj yim heev, tab sisqee nuances. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ncuav dej hla koj lub taub hau, tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj yuav tau txais cov txiaj ntsig xav tau. Cov txheej txheem yuav tsum pib nrog dej sov. Tom qab ob peb feeb, nws yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau txias, tom qab ob peb feeb dua kom sov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, dej txias yuav tsum tsis txhob txias, tab sis txias tiag tiag, txawm tias khov. Tsis txhob ntshai tsam khaub thuas - thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm zoo li no tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau, vim tias lub cev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tau qhib.
- Muscle so. Los ntawm kev kawm los so kom txaus cov leeg, koj tuaj yeem ib txhij txo cov theem ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev puas siab puas ntsws. Tom qab tshuaj xyuas lawv kom ntxaws ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov uas haum koj zoo kawg nkaus.
- pw tsaug zog. Kev pw tsaug zog tsis muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau tib neeg lub paj hlwb. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas nws loj hlob mus rau hauv ib tug ntev daim ntawv, qhov teeb meem no loj zuj zus, thiab nyob rau hauv parallel nrog rau qhov no, muaj peev xwm ntawm ib tug puas siab puas ntsws nres kuj nce.
- Lub cev muaj zog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv txoj kev siv ntawm cov loads rau koj tus kheej. Thaum lub sij hawm uas ib txwm them nyiaj txaus rau ib tug, lwm tus mus rau lub cev, mus rau lub pas dej ua ke los yog mus rau lub gym. Qhov tseem ceeb yog cov chav kawm coj koj txaus siab, vim hais tias tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no lawv kuj yuav tau txais txiaj ntsim kev noj qab haus huv lub hlwb.
- noj mov tsis tu ncua. Nws yooj yim ntawm no: tus neeg tshaib plab cov ntshav qab zib poob qis, thiab qhov no ua rau muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev ntshai.
- Tsis muaj stimulants. Cov no suav nrog: kas fes, dej haus, haus luam yeeb thiab cawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rooj plaub nrog cawv hauv qhov notxoj kev npaj yog tshwj xeeb: ib los yog ob lub iav pab kom txo tau qhov kev ntshai. Tab sis thaum sawv ntxov hangover tsuas yog exacerbates qhov teeb meem. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj haus cawv thaum txhua qhov kev tawm tsam, muaj kev pheej hmoo siab kis lwm tus kab mob - cawv.
Zoo tag nrho cov uas tau hais, peb tuaj yeem xaus tias kev puas siab puas ntsws, txawm hais tias nws yog kev ntshai lossis lwm yam, yog qhov muaj peev xwm zam tau. Ua li no, tsuas yog kawm tswj koj tus cwj pwm thiab saib xyuas koj lub hlwb kev noj qab haus huv.
