Thaum cov txheej txheem ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm tes thiab kev loj hlob cuam tshuam hauv tib neeg lub cev, neoplasms txawv txav tshwm sim, uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav thiab mob hnyav. qog nqaij hlav yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog ib qho kev tsim uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev loj hlob qeeb lossis tsis tuaj. Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological suav tias yog kev sib txawv ntawm caj ces, uas ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm DNA.
Tab sis deb ntawm ib txwm muaj qhov kev kuaj mob no ua rau tuag taus. Kev kho raws sij hawm feem ntau muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev kwv yees rau yav tom ntej. Feem ntau, tus neeg mob rov zoo tag nrho, thiab kev rov ua dua tshiab yog qhov tsawg heev. Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws rau ib tus neeg yog cov qog uas tsim kev zais hauv lub cev. Tseeb tiag, vim tsis muaj cov tsos mob thiab kev hloov pauv txawv txav, nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los txheeb xyuas cov kab mob pathology, uas yog fraught nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm benign neoplasm mus rau ib qho malignant. Kev ncua kev kho tus kab mob no txaus ntshai.
Ntxhais mob qog noj ntshav yog dab tsi
Nov yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim vim kev ua txhaum txoj cai ntawm kev loj hlob thiab kev faib cell. Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm pathology, lawv cov qauv hloov pauv,muaj ib qho neoplasm uas tsis muaj tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub xeev ib txwm muaj thiab cov tsos mob sib xws.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav yog nws txoj kev loj hlob qeeb. Feem ntau, kev tsim khaws cia nws qhov loj me rau ntau xyoo, tom qab ntawd muaj kev rov ua tiav lossis nws txoj kev loj hlob mus rau hauv daim ntawv tsis zoo.
Lwm yam ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav zoo yog qhov tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub cev thiab tshwm sim ntawm metastases. Hauv lwm lo lus, neoplasm yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw, qhov twg nws loj hlob yav tom ntej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lwm yam kabmob tsis raug kev txom nyem.
Qhov txawv ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav thiab mob qog nqaij hlav yog dab tsi? Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv cov tsos ntawm metastases, uas tig tawm los ua qhov txaus ntshai tshaj qhov neoplasm nws tus kheej. Nws yog lawv uas ua kom puas cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov plab hnyuv siab raum, tawm hauv qhov tsis muaj txoj hauv kev rov qab los. Tab sis nrog rau daim ntawv benign ntawm pathology, qhov kev kwv yees feem ntau zoo thiab tom qab kev kho mob, nrog rau kev tswj hwm txoj kev noj qab haus huv, tus kab mob feem ntau rov qab.
Paub tias qhov qog nqaij hlav zoo li cas, koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas nws lub sijhawm thiab pib kho. Nws tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov neoplasm zoo li no los ntawm ob peb lub cim tseem ceeb.
- Cov qog nws tus kheej yog txawb, nws tsis txuas nrog cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze.
- Thaum kov thiab nias, qhov mob lossis tsis xis nyob yog hnov.
- Yog cov qog loj hlob tuaj, tus neeg mob yuav ntsib kev pw tsaug zog, qaug zog thiab malaise.
- Sab nraud neoplasms ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias thiab tawv nqaijtej zaum yuav los ntshav qee zaus.
Ntau zaus, cov qog nqaij hlav zoo tsis tshwm sim rau lawv tus kheej, uas ua rau kev kuaj mob nyuaj. Pathology tuaj yeem kuaj pom thaum kuaj kev tiv thaiv thiab kuaj pom qhov txawv txav ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
qog nqaij hlav dab tsi
Ib qho kev tsim ntau tshaj plaws, kuaj pom txog li 40% ntawm cov neeg mob, yog lipoma. Cov qog no yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg adipose, tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua qhov chaw: ntawm lub duav, sab nraub qaum, caj npab, plab. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv lub hlwb, hauv siab, hauv nruab nrog cev, lossis nruab nrab ntawm cov leeg.
Tsis yog li ntawd yog qog ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas - cyst lossis fibroma. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim ntawm:
- caj npab thiab ceg;
- mob;
- ovaries;
- pob txha;
- caj dab thiab ntsej muag;
- qog mammary;
- lung;
- lus.
Qhov txawv ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav malignant thiab benign
Qee zaum nws nyuaj rau kev paub qhov txawv ntawm cov neoplasms tam sim ntawd, yog li koj yuav tsum nkag siab qhov chaw kho mob ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv.
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav zoo thiab daim ntawv malignant nyob hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob qeeb. Nws tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua thiab ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm metastases, loj hlob mus rau cov qauv nyob sib ze, thiab cuam tshuam rau lub xeev ntawm lub cev. Tias yog vim li cas benign qog ib txwm muab ib qho kev pom zoo. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug malignant neoplasm, hlwb faib ntau zaus thiab uncontrollably kiag li, uasyuav luag ib txwm ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai.
Puas tau lub qog txav mus rau lwm daim ntawv
Yog tias qhov tsim tsis zoo, feem ntau, nrog kev kho raws sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem tshem nws mus tas li. Nws cov nyhuv hauv zos tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev thawb lossis nyem cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv.
Puas yog mob qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem ua tsis zoo? Muaj ib txwm muaj kev pheej hmoo. Xws li kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab ob peb xyoos lossis ntau xyoo los ntawm qhov pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws ntawm qhov kev pom no yog polyps hauv plab hnyuv, qee hom nevi, adenomas thiab papillomas ntawm cov kwj dej tso zis.
Types of benign neoplasms
Cov kab mob no tuaj yeem npog txhua lub cev thiab cov qauv hauv cov hlab ntsha, lymphoid thiab pob txha mos. Nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm chav kawm, tus kab mob tuaj yeem mob me, nruab nrab thiab hnyav.
Cov kws kho mob kuj paub qhov txawv ntawm ntau hom kab mob benign:
- epithelial - lymphoma, osteoma, chondroma, daim siab adenoma, melanoma, rhabdomyoma;
- tsis yog epithelial - fibroma, uterine myoma, leiomyoma, hemangioma, angiomyolipoma;
- juxtaglomerular cell formation.
Cas of qog development
Nyob hauv tib neeg lub cev, cov hlwb ib txwm dhau los ntawm tib theem: thawj zaug lawv loj hlob, tsim thiab tuag tom qab 42 teev. Lawv hloov los ntawm tib lub hlwb uas nyob tib lub sijhawm. Tab sis dab tsi yog benign qog? Qhov no yog ib qho neoplasm uas tshwm sim thaum lub xov tooj ntawm tes tsis tuag ib txwm, tab sis txuas ntxiv loj hlob vim yog kev cuam tshuam ntawm lwm yam.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua pov thawj tias qog nqaij hlav zoo yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm DNA hloov pauv. Ntau yam tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum cai hauv lub cev:
- nquag raug ua haujlwm txaus ntshai, nqus tau cov tshuaj lom;
- haus luam yeeb thiab noj tshuaj;
- kev quav cawv;
- muaj zog ultraviolet hluav taws xob;
- hormonal ntshawv siab;
- ionizing hluav taws xob;
- kev sib txawv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv;
- malnutrition;
- tus kab mob ntaus;
- pob txha thiab mob hnyav;
- tsis ua raws li kev ua txhua hnub - tsis tsaug zog, nce kev ntxhov siab.
Nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb, nws tau pom tias qhov tseeb, txhua tus neeg muaj qhov ua rau muaj cov qog nqaij hlav. Koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv txoj kev loj hlob tsuas yog ua raws li kev noj qab haus huv xwb.
Symptoms of a benign qog
Txhua kab mob yog yam ntxwv los ntawm nws tus kheej cov cim. Nyob rau theem pib, tej zaum yuav tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob benign txhua. Thiab thaum lub sijhawm mob hnyav, tej zaum yuav muaj cov cim qhia dav dav, piv txwv li, tsis qab los noj mov, malaise, qaug zog heev. Thaum qhov hnyav dhau mus, tus kab mob yog asymptomatic dua.
nyob ntawmHom qog txawv thiab nws cov cim.
- Epithelioma. tshwm rau ntawm lub taub hau, caj dab, ntsej muag, lub xub pwg nyom. tshwm sim yam tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim.
- Thyroid qog. Thiab tus neeg mob muaj ua tsis taus pa luv, tsaug zog. Ntawm palpation, cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj tau hnov, tab sis lawv tsis mob.
- YProstate adenoma. Cov txiv neej muaj teeb meem tso zis, tsis qab los noj mov, nqhis dej heev, polyuria.
- Cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub mis. Fibroma yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov pom ntawm lub pob ntom ntom hauv qab daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub mis.
Cov tsos mob ntawm epithelial neoplasm koj tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab thib peb. Cov qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem muaj cov qauv sib txawv thiab cov qauv.
- Round or oval cut, reminiscent of a mushroom cap thiab cauliflower.
- Polyps muaj ib tug stalk.
- Ib lub cyst yog ib qho elongated neoplasm uas muaj cov kua dej.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tus kab mob
Feem ntau, kev kuaj mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav zoo tsis ua rau cov kws kho mob nyuaj. Thawj kauj ruam yog kuaj tus neeg mob, xam phaj nws thiab sau qhov tsim nyog anamnesis. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom paub seb puas muaj leej twg hauv tsev neeg muaj qog.
Yuav kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob, tus neeg mob yuav raug tshuaj xyuas:
- ultrasound;
- radioography;
- MRI;
- CT.
Nyob rau hauv kev kuaj mob ntawm lub hlwb pathology, kev kuaj xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho qhov muag thiab kuaj qhov muaghauv qab. Nov yog tib txoj hauv kev kom paub qhov qog los ntawm lwm yam kab mob.
Yog xav tias muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, kev kuaj mob endoscopic tau ua. Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yog siv los tshuaj xyuas thiab kuaj cov ntaub so ntswg rau biopsy.
Kev kho mob
Benign neoplasms kuaj pom thaum ntxov ntawm txoj kev loj hlob feem ntau yog kho tau yooj yim. Kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb hom qog, theem ntawm nws qhov tsim thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg mob. Ntau zaus tshaj tsis yog, cov kws kho mob nyiam qhov kev tos kom paub tseeb tias cov qog tsis loj hlob.
Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav yog xav tau yog tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim. Rau qhov no, kev phais yog siv, uas yog tsom rau tshem tawm cov neoplasm. Kev ua haujlwm yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas cov ntaub so ntswg nyob sib ze thiab cov qauv tsis cuam tshuam. Ntau zaus tsawg dua, cov kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj hluav taws xob lossis tshuaj kho mob rau cov qog nqaij hlav zoo rau cov neeg mob.
Surgery
Cov tshuaj niaj hnub muab cov neeg muaj kev kuaj mob ntau txoj hauv kev tshem cov qog nqaij hlav. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog deservedly suav hais tias tag nrho excision ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hloov. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, kev sib kis ntxiv ntawm cov hlwb pathological tuaj yeem tiv thaiv. Feem ntau, tom qab xws li kev cuam tshuam kev phais, relapses tsis tshwm sim. Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov qog benign yog nqa tawm nrog lub laser, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg yog excised los ntawm exfoliation.
Lwm cov txheej txheem rau kev tshem tawm cov neoplasms yog cryocoagulation. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog qhov yooj yim: thaj chaw cuam tshuam los ntawm cov qog yog kho nrog qhov kub thiab txias. Cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm qhov cuam tshuam, kom tsuas yog cov ntaub so ntswg raug kho, thiab cov qauv kev noj qab haus huv tseem nyob tsis zoo.
Cryocoagulation yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws thaum muaj cov neoplasms ntawm cov kabmob hauv qab no:
- xub pwg pob qij txha;
- qaum;
- pob txha pelvic;
- ceg thiab caj npab;
- chest.
Thaum ntxov, kua nitrogen tau siv los ua cov txheej txheem, uas rhuav tshem cov hlwb hloov pauv. Tab sis niaj hnub no, ib qho khoom siv tshiab yog siv rau qhov no, uas ua rau lub cev zoo dua qub. Kev siv cov txheej txheem qis heev muaj ntau yam zoo:
- yam tsawg kawg nkaus rau lub cev;
- tsis muaj contraindications;
- kev puas tsuaj tsawg;
- yooj yim npaj theem rau txheej txheem;
- relapse tiv thaiv.
Feem ntau, cryotherapy tuaj yeem siv tau yooj yim es tsis txhob siv tshuaj khomob thiab hluav taws xob, uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev. Tom qab cov txheej txheem no, cov neeg mob tsis muaj kev phiv xws li xeev siab, ntuav thiab cov plaub hau ntau dhau.
Txoj Kev Kho Mob
Ntau cov qog nqaij hlav zoo tshwm sim vim qhov txawv txav hauv cov tshuaj hormonal. Yog tias qhov neoplasm me me thiab tsis loj hlob, ces tus neeg mob yuav raug muab tshuaj hloov kho. Tag nrho cov nothaum tus neeg mob yuav tsum nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm kws kho mob thiab tsis tu ncua mus kuaj.
Tshuaj khomob tsuas yog muab tshuaj rau cov qog nqaij hlav uas muaj precancerous lossis mob qog noj ntshav. Nws kuj tseem siv tau tom qab kev loj hlob tau raug tshem tawm phais. Kev kho mob nrog tshuaj kho mob ntawm cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam. Hais txog nws cov txiaj ntsig, nws tsuas yog thib ob rau kev cuam tshuam kev phais.
Tshuaj kho mob tsuas yog muab tshuaj thaum kuaj pom cov qog nqaij hlav xwb, tab sis yog tias tsis muaj nyob hauv lub cev, ces tsis tas yuav muaj kev kho mob li ntawd.
Kev noj haus
Ntawm lwm yam, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau nyob ntawm tus neeg mob txoj kev ua neej. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg muaj xws li pathology, nws yuav tsum tau tso tseg tag nrho cov luam yeeb, cawv, kas fes thiab tshuaj yej muaj zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg mob tau pom zoo kom noj zaub mov zoo, uas tso cai rau koj los kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm qog.
Ib tug neeg uas muaj cov kab mob benign yuav tsum ua cov zaub mov ntawm cov rog tsawg, noj zaub mov tsis qab, ntau zaub thiab zaub. Cov khoom tuaj yeem boiled, ci thiab steamed. Stewed, smoked thiab kib zaub mov yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm kev noj haus.
Thiab kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, nws yog qhov xav tau suav nrog kev kho pej xeem hauv cov ntawv qhia txhua hnub:
- kua mis;
- carrot kua txiv;
- noob;
- txiv lws suav;
- calendula decoction;
- tea nrog viburnum.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
rauTxhawm rau tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, koj yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab ua tiav, noj kom raug. Lub cev yuav pib tawm tsam tus kab mob ntawm nws tus kheej yog tias koj tsaug zog tsis tu ncua, so kom txaus thiab zam kev ntxhov siab. Kev kuaj pom raws sijhawm ntawm pathology tso cai rau kev kuaj xyuas kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb nqaim.
