Ntshav, zoo li cov ntaub so ntswg, muaj cov hlwb thiab cov tshuaj intercellular uas metabolizes lawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv qhov sib piv yog qhov zoo li qhov raug tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom zoo li (hlwb) hauv cov kua nruab nrab.
Cells yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov pob txha pob txha los ntawm liab thiab dawb sprouts, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm ntau yam sinusoidal capillaries lawv nkag mus rau hauv lub dav dav, qhov uas lawv ua lawv cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb heev. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej ntawd, lawv tau txais kev sib txawv ntawm ntau theem ntawm cov kab ke ua ntej ntawm lub pluripotent qia cell mus rau cov hlwb laus: leukocytes, thrombocytes, thiab erythrocytes; cov qauv ntawm tag nrho cov hlwb no yuav hloov pauv raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev them nyiaj lossis pathology. Cov tom kawg ntawm lawv yog cov thauj cov pa oxygen tseem ceeb, thaum cov qe ntshav dawb ntxiv (leukocytes, muaj 5 chav kawm) thiab lamellar lub cev (platelets) ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau yam. Yog li, lymphocytes muab kev tiv thaiv kab mob, neutrophils thiab monocytes - phagocytosis thiab proteolysis, baso- thiab eisonophils - tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj lom lom: histamine, thromboxanes, prostaglandins thiab leukotrienes, PAF,txhawb vasoconstriction thiab ua kom lwm cov hlwb. Platelets tsim ib hom "plug" thaum phab ntsa vascular puas.
Erythrocytes, qauv: qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm
RBCs yog ib lub hlwb tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws. Lawv cov tub ntxhais hluas precursors yog hu ua reticulocytes, thaum lawv loj hlob, lub cell maj mam poob lub nucleus thiab hloov nws nrog hemoglobin, ib tug quaternary protein muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug tsis muaj zog compound nrog oxygen nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ntes tau yooj yim nyob rau hauv lub pulmonary capillaries thiab kuj yooj yim tso nws nyob rau hauv. cov ntaub so ntswg. RBCs feem ntau muaj cov duab biconcave, raws li nws muab rau lawv nrog ntau qhov zoo, ua rau thaj chaw saum npoo los khi ntau cov pa thiab tso cai rau lawv "fold" thaum lawv dhau los ntawm cov hlab ntsha me tshaj plaws ntawm microvasculature. Txij li cov txiv neej siv zog ntau dua thiab, raws li, oxygen, erythrocytes kuj muaj siab dua hauv lawv cov ntshav.
Cov qauv rau cov poj niam yog 3.9 - 4.710 ^ 12 / l, rau cov txiv neej tus qauv yog 4.0-5.010 ^ 12 / l. Qhov no kuj yog vim qib siab ntawm androgens, uas muaj cov nyhuv stimulating ntawm erythropoiesis. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm KLA yog qib ntawm hemoglobin, txij li thaum nrog kev txo qis hauv nws cov concentration hauv ib chav tsev ntawm cov ntshav, lub xeev pathological ntawm "anemia" tshwm sim, nrog rau kev nce hypoxia thiab lub cev ischemia. Cov xim qhia tau qhia tias erythrocytes saturated nrog hemoglobin li cas. Cov qauv ntawm qhov noQhov ntsuas yog 0.8-1.05 units, thiab thaum nws txo qis, peb tuaj yeem tham txog hypochromic anemia. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem ua tau normochromic, zoo li nrog nce hemolysis, thaum nws yog erythrocytes uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau ntxiv hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, cov qauv uas tswj hwm los ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm lawv cov synthesis hauv RMC, kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim hauv daim siab thiab tus po tom qab 90- 110 hnub. Hyperchromic anemia yog pom nrog lub npe hu ua. megaloblastic anemia uas tshwm sim nrog qhov tsis muaj vitamin B12 lossis H4-folate, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm erythropoiesis.
