Iron deficiency hauv lub cev yog ib qho mob hnyav heev uas ua rau txo qis hauv hemoglobin. Nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, tus mob no cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau lub cev. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv thiab kho cov tsis muaj hlau, koj yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj uas muaj ferritin. Tab sis lub ntsiab lus no tsis yog ib txwm assimilated zoo. Kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv hlau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus neeg mob lub neej. Tsab ntawv teev cov teeb meem tseem ceeb los ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj ntxiv hlau, contraindications rau kev noj lawv, thiab muab cov lus qhia txog yuav ua li cas txo qis qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov hlau tsis txaus
Iron deficiency yog qhov tsis zoo rau cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, ua rau ntau yam pathologies thiab cov kab mob ntev, nrog rau deterioration nyob rau hauv tsos. Qhov kawg yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov poj niam vimlawv xav kom lawv cov hluas zoo li ntev li ntev tau. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam tus mob no yog kev noj cov tshuaj hlau. Kev mob tshwm sim tsis tshwm sim yog tias koj xaiv cov tshuaj uas tsim nyog rau tus kheej tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv.
Yuav ua li cas nkag siab tias lub cev tsis muaj hlau? Muaj cov tsos mob uas ua tim khawv rau qhov no:
- pallor ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thaum tsaus ntuj ncig ntawm ob lub qhov muag tuaj yeem kho tau;
- cov rau tes brittle thiab nce plaub hau poob (tsis muaj ferritin, uas yog tsim los ntawm hlau);
- tus cwj pwm txawv txawv: xav saj chalk, yaim ib daim ntawv ntsia thawv, thiab lwm yam.;
- ua tsis taus pa, arrhythmia, txo qis kev ua haujlwm thiab lub cev muaj zog, ua kom tawm hws thiab plawv dhia txawm tias meager loads.
Cas of iron deficiency anemia
Tab sis vim li cas lub xeev thiaj li tshwm sim? Yog tias koj paub qhov ua rau, ces koj tuaj yeem yooj yim tiv thaiv qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov hlau hauv lub cev. Yog li, feem ntau ua rau tsis muaj hlau yog:
- los ntshav ntau dhau (tej zaum yuav tshwm sim vim qhov txhab, phais, lossis thaum cev xeeb tub hnyav rau cov poj niam). Koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas rau cov neeg uas, rau ib qho laj thawj lossis lwm qhov, muaj kev paub txog uterine, pulmonary, gastrointestinal thiab qhov ntswg los ntshav.
- Cov xwm txheej nrog rau kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau hemoglobin, uassynthesized los ntawm hlau nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev. Qhov no yog cev xeeb tub, lub sijhawm loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas, lub sijhawm rov qab los ntawm cov kab mob thiab tom qab phais.
- Hereditary predisposition rau impaired absorption ntawm lub caij no, nrog rau noj tej yam hlau antagonist tshuaj. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj uas muaj hlau nyob rau tib lub sijhawm.
- Kev noj zaub mov nruj, kev noj zaub mov noj, veganism, noj zaub mov nyoos. Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo feem ntau ua rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov hlau, tab sis kuj muaj ntau lwm cov zaub mov, vitamins, amino acids.
Ntau yam tshuaj
Pharmacological lag luam muaj ntau yam kev npaj hlau. Yuav luag txhua tus muaj kev phiv thaum noj qhov ncauj. Ntau yam nyob ntawm seb cov tshuaj twg tus neeg noj. Txhua yam tshuaj uas muaj hlau tuaj yeem raug cais raws li cov tshuaj uas lawv muaj.
Cov tshuaj niaj hnub paub qhov txawv ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj peev xwm thiab cov hlau tsis muaj peev xwm anemia nws tus kheej. Qhov mob thib ob yog qhov nyuaj dua los kho. Thaum koj pib ua kom tsis txaus, cov tsos mob tsawg dua tus neeg mob yuav pom.
Ntau yam tshuaj siv tshuaj tsim los ntxiv rau qib ntawm cov khoom no tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg loj:
- muaj ferrous hlau - Fe 2+;
- muaj ferric hlau - Fe 3+.
Cov khoom lag luam nrog cov tshuaj nquag hauv daim ntawvferrous hlau nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj zoo bioavailability. Qhov no tso cai rau lub active tshuaj yuav luag tag absorbed. Raws li txoj cai, tus nqi ntawm kev npaj nrog ferrous hlau nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg yog qis dua kev npaj nrog ferric. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis nyob hauv Tshuag ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj.
Trivalent hlau yog synthesized nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev rau ferrous hlau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug oxidizing neeg sawv cev. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau lub hom phiaj no yog cov paub ascorbic acid.
Ib zaug hauv cov hnyuv me, hlau cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv. Qhov no yog cov protein tshwj xeeb uas txhawb kev txav ntawm cov molecules ntawm lub caij no ncaj qha rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg uas tsim cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov no yog cov pob txha pob txha thiab daim siab hlwb, nyob rau hauv uas muaj cov cheeb tsam ntawm tsub zuj zuj ntawm hlau.
Ceev faj thaum pib cov tshuaj ntxiv hlau. Kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau xav tsis thoob. Lub cev tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom no (lossis ua nws tsawg heev). Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nrog kev noj tshuaj tsis raug, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phiv loj heev. Kev npaj ntawm lub qhov ncauj muaj peev xwm muaj ob qho tib si divalent thiab trivalent lub ntsiab - qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev xaiv tshuaj tsis raug tos tus neeg mob nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub.
Ntau yam tshuaj ntxiv hlau
Daim npe tshuaj uas muaj ferrous hlau:
- "Sorbifer Durules" (tso daim ntawv - ntsiav tshuaj);
- "Ferretab", "Fenyuls" (tso daim ntawv - capsules);
- "Totem" (ampoules nrog cov tshuaj rau kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular);
- "HmoobProlongatum" (tso daim ntawv - dragee).
Daim npe tshuaj muaj ferric hlau:
- "M altofer", "Biofer" (tso daim ntawv - chewable ntsiav tshuaj);
- "M altofer", "Fenyuls" (tso daim ntawv - dauv);
- "Ferrum Lek", "Venofer" (tsim daim ntawv - ampoules nrog cov tshuaj rau kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha lossis intramuscular txhaj).
Cov npe sau cov tshuaj ntxiv hlau nrog cov kev mob tshwm sim tsawg. Nws yog cov tshuaj no uas feem ntau raug muab rau kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj peev xwm anemia. Qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv yuav tsis provoke ib yam ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim uas yuav tau teev nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb tus neeg mob. Cov tshuaj uas tau sau tseg rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib tsis yog tshuaj noj, tab sis tshuaj. Txhua yam tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau txhua lub sijhawm ua rau ib lossis lwm qhov hloov pauv hauv lub xeev ntawm cov ntshav lossis cov quav. Txhua tus neeg yog tus kheej, thiab nws yooj yim tsis tuaj yeem hais qhov tseeb tias qhov no lossis cov tshuaj yuav cuam tshuam rau nws li cas.
Iron supplements uas tsis muaj kev phiv tsis yog lus dab neeg. Yog hais tias cov tshuaj nrog ib tug divalent ntsiab tsis haum tus neeg mob, ces nws yog tsim nyog sim ib tug trivalent ib los yog hloov daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj tso tawm. Tsis txhob xav tias tsis muaj hlau tsis txaus ntshav ntshav yog kho tsis tau - ntau lab tus tib neeg thoob ntiaj teb tau ntseeg lwm yam ua tsaug rau kev lag luam tshuaj niaj hnub no.
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev npaj muaj ferrous hlau tau raug pov thawj hauv ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb (degreepov thawj 1A). Cov tshuaj Trivalent tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua tab sis tsis yog ib txwm zoo li cov tshuaj bivalent.
Txoj cai rau noj tshuaj ntxiv
Cov kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau xav tsis thoob txawm tias tus neeg ua raws txhua txoj cai tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus neeg mob ua tib zoo nyeem cov lus qhia thiab tsis ua txhaum cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev noj haus uas tau teev tseg hauv nws, ces nws yuav zoo li cov hlau yuav nqus tau tag nrho thiab qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo yuav tsis ua rau xav tsis thoob.
- Ntau yam nyob ntawm daim ntawv tso tawm cov tshuaj. Cov ntsiav tshuaj coated yuav tsum tau nqos tag nrho (cov lus qhia qhia - 30 feeb ua ntej noj mov lossis tom qab noj mov). Thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv, daim nyias nyias yuav maj mam yaj, uas yuav ua rau lub siab nqus ntawm cov tshuaj yam tsis muaj kev phiv. Cov cai tswj kev noj cov hlau npaj rau zom - tom qab noj mov, tsis tas yuav tsum haus dej. ampoules nrog cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv rau intramuscular lossis intravenous tswj. Txoj kev no yog siv rau kev mob ntshav tsis muaj hlau tsis txaus.
- Txawm tias tom qab qhov kev ntsuam xyuas pom muaj qhov txaus ntawm ferritin thiab hemoglobin, kev kho yuav tsum tsis txhob "txo". Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj ntxiv, txo qhov koob tshuaj me ntsis, rau ob peb lub hlis ntxiv. Tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau kev kho mob - haus cov tshuaj xaiv txhua rau lub hlis.
- Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau lwm yam tshuaj uas tus neeg mob noj thaum kho hlau. Kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeemtxhim kho cov teebmeem ntawm cov tshuaj los ntawm pab pawg neeg antacids (txo qis hauv bioavailability ntawm hlau thiab raws plab), tshuaj nrog tetracycline (qis qab los noj mov), levomycetin (txo qis hauv bioavailability, xeev siab, kub siab). Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom noj tej yam tshuaj nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm anemia ntawm koj tus kheej. Muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev mob tshwm sim. Nws kuj yog qhov tsis xav tau los muab cov thyroid hormone npaj nrog cov tshuaj uas muaj hlau. Raws li qhov chaw kawg, koj tuaj yeem mus rau kev qhia txog lawv intramuscularly thaum noj cov thyroid hormones.
- Rau qhov ua tiav tag nrho ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, nws yuav tsum tau noj ib txhij nrog ascorbic acid npaj, trivalent - txhawm rau kom txaus txaus ntawm cov protein thiab cov amino acids tseem ceeb rau hauv lub cev. Txwv tsis pub, cov tshuaj yuav tsis nqus tag nrho, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev phiv. Kev npaj hlau tsis tas yuav nqus tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, cov kev ntsuam xyuas tom ntej no yuav tsis pom qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob.
Kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv hlau
Txoj cai nkag mus yuav tsum tau ua nruj me ntsis los ntawm tus neeg mob. Txwv tsis pub (kev noj ntau dhau, kev siv tshuaj nrog lwm yam tshuaj, thiab lwm yam), cov xwm txheej hauv qab no yuav tshwm sim:
- mob plawv thiab belching nrog ib tug hlau saj (yog hais tias tus neeg mob ua txhaum cov lus qhia thiab noj ferrous ntsiav tshuaj ntawm lub plab khoob);
- xim quav dub (thaum ntau npaum li cas);
- poob qab los;
- kev khaumplab mucosa;
- cem quav thiab exacerbation ntawm hemorrhoidal kab mob;
- tsaus nti ntawm cov hniav enamel (nrog rau kev siv ntev ntawm kev npaj cov hlau uas muaj ntau);
- kev qaug zog, kiv taub hau, ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, tib txoj hauv kev kom tshem tawm cov kab mob yog noj cov tshuaj hlau. Cov kev mob tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom nyob rau thawj hnub ntawm kev txais neeg kawm, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub twg koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev tawm tswv yim ntawm kev txo cov tshuaj. Koj tsis tuaj yeem tso tseg cov tshuaj ntawm koj tus kheej. Anemia yuav tsis ploj mus yam tsis tau noj tshuaj ntxiv. Yuav kho cov kev mob tshwm sim li cas, yog tias lawv tshwm sim? Qhov no yuav tham hauv qab no.
Yuav ua li cas txo cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob?
Kom tshem tau cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm kev kho mob, tsuas yog tso tseg cov tshuaj yuav pab tau. Tab sis qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, vim tias cov tsos mob ntawm anemia tsuas yog zuj zus. Yog tias cov kev mob tshwm sim tau pom nyob rau thawj hnub ntawm kev noj tshuaj, ces thawj qhov uas yuav tsum tau ua yog txo cov tshuaj noj ib nrab. Yog tias tom qab qhov no tus neeg mob tsis zoo, ces koj yuav tsum xav txog kev hloov pauv kev npaj hlau.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab daim ntawv thov nta feem ntau cuam tshuam: sai li sai tau thaum koj sib txawv ntawm cov lus qhia me ntsis, koj pib mob zuj zus. Kev zom zaub mov raug cuam tshuam, cov quav hloov xim dub (qhov tseeb no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus ntshai rau cov neeg mob, thiab qhov no yog qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev nce koob tshuaj ntxiv).
Kev noj zaub mov zoo li casntawm kev nqus hlau los ntawm cov tshuaj thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim? Muaj cov cai yooj yim: thaum noj ferrous hlau, koj yuav tsum haus cov vitamin C ntau npaum li sai tau, nws muaj nyob rau hauv zaub thiab citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws kuj tseem pom zoo kom noj cov ascorbic acid zoo tib yam, nws muaj tus nqi qis, thiab koj tuaj yeem yuav nws yam tsis muaj tshuaj. Yog tias tus neeg mob noj ferric hlau, ces nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los muab cov amino acids txaus rau hauv cov khoom noj. Rau lub hom phiaj no, koj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua noj nqaij, ntses, tsev cheese. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nrog rau ib txhij noj cov tshuaj calcium ntau nrog cov zaub mov, hlau tej zaum yuav tsis tau absorbed, thiab flatulence thiab raws plab feem ntau tshwm sim nrog xws li tshuaj los yog khoom noj ua ke.
Khaus plab plab thaum noj tshuaj ntxiv
Irritation ntawm gastric mucosa thiab tom qab exacerbation ntawm gastritis ntev yog cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj hlau. Txoj hauv kev los kho lawv yog hloov cov tshuaj lossis tshem tawm tag nrho cov kev kho mob ntshav qab zib. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis tsuas yog nws yuav pab tswj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plab mucosa. Raws li txoj cai, kev npaj nrog ferric hlau nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg yog nruj heev rau lub mucous daim nyias nyias dua li npaj nrog ferrous hlau.
Ntau zaus, cov neeg mob tsis xav tsis kam lees kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj uas twb tau yuav lawm. Hauv kev sim ua kom tsis txhob mob plab tom qab noj cov tshuaj, cov neeg mob mus rau ntau yam kev dag ntxias. Lawv sim noj cov tshuaj tsuas yog tom qab noj mov hnyav, suav nrog cov khoom noj rog. Sim mus txeeb lub ntsiav tshuaj nrog ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov zaub mov. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau zaus tshaj tsis, tag nrho cov kev ntxias no ua rau tsis muaj dab tsi. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los daws qhov teeb meem yog hloov cov tshuaj, uas yuav suav nrog ferrous hlau.
Contraindications rau noj
Qhov kev npaj hlau zoo tshaj plaws yam tsis muaj kev phiv rau ib tus neeg mob feem ntau siv sijhawm ntev los xaiv. Ua ntej xaiv ib qho ntawm cov kws kho mob pom zoo, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov npe ntawm contraindications ua ntej.
Tsis txhob noj ferrous yog tias muaj:
- pheej hmoo los ntshav sab hauv;
- mob pancreatitis nyob rau theem mob;
- lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub (tsuas yog tom qab sab laj nrog kws kho menyuam yaus);
- plab hnyuv lossis plab rwj;
- mob plab gastritis;
- esophageal ulcer;
- kab mob siab nyob rau theem mob hnyav (thaum lub sijhawm tshem tawm - tsuas yog tom qab kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho kab mob siab tuaj koom).
Muaj tsawg dua contraindications rau kev siv ferric hlau. Raws li txoj cai, cov tshuaj no raug pom zoo kom haus tom qab noj mov, vim lawv tuaj yeem ua rau mob plab hnyuv. Cov neeg uas muaj kab mob ntawm lub plab yuav tsum noj ferric hlau, mloog lawv tus kheej tas li. Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob deterioration (mob nyob rau hauv lub epigastric cheeb tsam, xeev siab, ntuav, belching), koj yuav tsum tam sim ntawd tsis txhob noj nws thiab hloov daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj tso tawm.
Thaum twg hu lub tsheb thauj neeg mob ceev
Ntau tus neeg mob qis dua qhov txaus ntshai thiab qhov tshwm sim tshwm simkev txhim kho cov kev mob tshwm sim thaum noj cov tshuaj muaj hlau. Lub caij no, qee qhov ntawm lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov xwm txheej uas cuam tshuam rau lub neej ntawm tus neeg mob. Thaum twg yog lub sijhawm zoo los suab lub tswb thiab hu lub tsheb thauj neeg mob?
- Muaj ntshav ntuav lossis quav tom qab noj tshuaj. Qhov no feem ntau yuav yog ib qho cim ntawm kev los ntshav sab hauv. Hauv cov neeg mob rwj, noj cov tshuaj hlau tuaj yeem ua rau tus mob hnyav dua, ua rau los ntshav sab hauv tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
- Kev tsis nco qab yuav qhia tau tias kev poob siab anaphylactic. Tus mob no tseem xav tau kev kho mob thiab kuaj xyuas kom meej.
- Cov tsos mob ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj atypical rau tus neeg mob, qhov kev xav ntawm tshav kub, liab ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab sab, lub plawv dhia ceev - tag nrho cov no kuj yog vim li cas mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau. Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li no, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj ntxiv ntxiv.
