Qhov tseeb, cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam tsis txawv ntau los ntawm kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no hauv kev sib deev muaj zog. Tsuas yog, raws li kev txheeb cais, cov poj niam muaj ob peb zaug tsis tshua muaj kev paub txog qhov kev tsis txaus siab no.
Kev piav qhia
Urolithiasis, uas cov kws kho mob hu ua urolithiasis, yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov pob zeb zoo li neoplasms nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm cov zis. Qhov tseeb, cov pob zeb no yog cov pob zeb tsim los ntawm cov ntsev yaj hauv cov zis.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub cev txawv teb chaws nyob rau hauv cov zis ua rau raug mob rau cov mucous membrane thiab, vim li ntawd, qhov mob. Nws yog cov phenomena uas provoke txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug yam ntxwv kho mob daim duab thiab cov cim qhia ntawm urolithiasis nyob rau hauv cov poj niam.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas pathology tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog. Qee lub sij hawm pob zeb raug kuaj pom txawm tias me me.
Feem ntau cov pob zeb muaj qhov sib xyaw ua ke. Lawv qhov ntev tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10-15 cm. Cov tshuaj paub txog thaum pob zeb hnyav ob peb kilograms. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau theem siab ntawm qhov tsis xws luag. Txawm li cas los xij, cov poj niam feem ntau yuav muaj pob zeb me me, ob peb millimeters loj.
Yog vim li cas thiaj pom
Hauv kev sib deev ncaj ncees, urolithiasis tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev nce hauv lub cev ntawm cystine, calcium, oxalates thiab uric acid ncaj qha hauv cov zis. Txhua yam ntawm cov khoom no muaj peev xwm crystallize. Cov hmoov nplej uas tsim los ntawm cov xuab zeb nyob hauv lub cev ntawm cov zis thiab maj mam nce qhov loj.
Lub ntsiab ua rau urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam yog cov hauv qab no:
- genetic predisposition;
- haus dej tsis tu ncua;
- malnutrition;
- pathologies thiab abnormalities nyob rau hauv lub musculoskeletal system;
- kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv lub siab;
- kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov;
- Ypyelonephritis (mob raum mob);
Tsis tas li ntawd, urolithiasis tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov poj niam nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo. Cov neeg nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm ultraviolet rays thiab vitamin D muaj peev xwm tsim pob zeb ntau dua. Muaj tseeb, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, huab cua kub heev kuj cuam tshuam rau lub xeev ntawm lub cev. Hauv qhov no, pob zeb tuaj yeem tsim vim lub cev qhuav dej tsis tu ncua.
Kev kho mob tshwm sim
Feem ntau cov cim qhia ntawm urolithiasiskab mob hauv cov poj niam tsuas yog tsis tuaj. Hauv lwm lo lus, pathology rau lub sijhawm ntev tuaj yeem ua tiav asymptomatic. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov pob zeb hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no tsuas yog tau txais thaum lawv qhov loj me tuaj yeem ua tau zoo. Lwm qhov kev xaiv tsis raug txiav tawm - feem ntau cov pob zeb raug kuaj pom los ntawm kev sib tsoo, thaum lub sijhawm kuaj niaj hnub.
Yog tias qhov tsis xws luag tshwm sim nws tus kheej, ces cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam feem ntau mob. Lawv qhov kev siv zog sib txawv heev. Qee lub sij hawm qhov mob me me, yuav luag tsis pom, thiab qee zaum nws dhau los ua qhov ntse heev uas tus poj niam tsuas txav tsis tau. Kev hnov mob hauv cheeb tsam, raws li txoj cai, hauv qab plab lossis sab. Cov kws kho mob hu qhov tshwm sim no rau lub raum colic. Lawv qhov xwm txheej thiab kev siv zog feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub pob zeb thiab lawv qhov ntev. Qhov tsis xis nyob siab tshaj plaws tshwm sim tom qab kev ua si lub cev thiab co, piv txwv li, thaum mus ncig.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tias qhov mob hloov pauv mus rau qhov sib npaug nrog lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb lawv tus kheej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lwm qhov cim ntawm urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam kuj tau sau tseg - cov zis tawm ntawm cov zis. Raws li cov pob zeb txav mus rau sab qis ntawm lub ureter, qhov mob npog lub labia. Cov txheej txheem no yog nrog los ntawm kev tso zis ntau zaus thiab lwm yam kab mob dysuric.
Thaum muaj kev tawm tsam, muaj lwm cov tsos mob ntawm urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam. Lawv ua npaws, ua daus no, hematuria, ntuav, xeev siab,leukocytosis.
Muaj lwm cov tsos mob ntawm urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam. Feem ntau cov no suav nrog:
- muaj xuab zeb hauv zis;
- ntua;
- nausea;
- cov ntshav hauv zis;
- mob thaum zais zis;
- nce hauv lub cev kub txog 39 degrees;
- spontaneous tso pob zeb;
- ntshav siab.
tso zis nrog urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam yog ib txwm pos huab, nrog impurities. Thiab yog tias cov pob zeb nyob sab nraum lub raum, muaj cov ntshav ntws hauv nws.
Ntau yam
Muaj ntau hom pob zeb kuaj pom muaj urolithiasis. Feem ntau, lawv cov qauv muaj ntau yam khoom. Tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qee lub ntsiab lus muab lub pob zeb nws lub npe.
- Calcium. Lawv yog cov feem ntau thiab muab faib ua calcium oxalate thiab calcium phosphate.
- Oxalate. Feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov zis. Cov pob zeb zoo li no tau tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm lub cev qhuav dej vim muaj kab mob autoimmune, kab mob sib kis ntev, haus dej cawv.
- Uratnye. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm ntau dhau ntawm uric acid. Feem ntau kuaj pom hauv cov neeg muaj kev rog rog thiab gout.
- Phosphate. tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob tsis xws luag.
- Cystine. Feem ntau tsim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov amino acid metabolism tsis zoo. Tsawg heev.
- Cov roj (cholesterol) siab. suav tias yog qhov rarest.
Signskev tsim ntawm tej pob zeb ib txwm nyob twj ywm tib yam nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm tus kab mob thiab thaum lub sij hawm lub zog ntawm pob zeb. Tsuas yog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov qauv ntawm cov neoplasms lawv tus kheej txawv.
Diagnosis
txhawm rau kuaj urolithiasis yog qhov yooj yim heev yog tias tus poj niam muaj tsawg kawg ib zaug ntsib lub raum mob lossis mob hauv thaj tsam lumbar. Lub hom phiaj cov cim qhia ntawm pathology, ua ke nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj sim, pab tus kws kho mob kom kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb thiab txuas ncaj qha mus rau kev kho mob.
Raws li kev kuaj mob, tus neeg mob yog thawj zaug muab qee yam kev sim. Nrog urolithiasis nyob rau hauv cov poj niam, nws yog advisable mus thawj zaug tso zis mus kuaj. Kev soj ntsuam tus qauv yuav qhia qhov xwm txheej ntawm neoplasms thiab, ntawm chav kawm, xaiv cov kev kho mob uas tsim nyog. pH ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Yog hais tias nws sib npaug rau 6, ces, feem ntau yuav, calcium oxalate thiab urate pob zeb muaj nyob rau hauv tus poj niam lub cev. Yog tias pH qib nce mus txog 7.1, qhov no qhia tias muaj cov pob zeb phosphate nrog magnesium. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm 6, 5 qhia txog kev tsim cov calcium-phosphate neoplasms. Yog tias pH hloov pauv ntawm 5, 5-6, koj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev tshem tawm pob zeb los ntawm uric acid.
Muaj tseeb, kev tso zis yog suav tias yog qhov tsis txaus thiab tsuas yog tso cai rau ib tus los twv seb cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhim kho pob zeb zoo li cas. Nws yuav tsum tau siv los ua ib feem ntawm kev kuaj mob ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob.
Thaum kuaj pom tus kab mob, nws tseem ceeb sib npaug los txheeb xyuas qhov tshwm sim thawj zaug ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, nws tseem ceeb heev rau kev txheeb xyuas dav davntxiv cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tshuaj hormones thiab kab kawm. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov thyroid hormones, catecholamines, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab txog qib sodium thiab calcium hauv lub cev. Ib qho kev soj ntsuam uas pab ntsuam xyuas tus nqi ntawm uric acid kuj tseem suav tias yuav tsum tau ua.
Ultrasound thiab excretory urography yog suav tias yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los kuaj xyuas txawm tias thawj cov tsos mob ntawm urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam.
Cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev kho mob
Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub cov laj thawj ntawm kev tsim cov pob zeb, lawv qhov chaw thiab qhov ntev npaum li cas. Yog tias tus neeg mob hnov zoo li qub, muaj peev xwm saib xyuas nws tus kheej thiab nws tsis raug mob los ntawm qhov mob, tsis tas yuav tsum tau kho hauv tsev kho mob.
Kev phais thiab kev saib xyuas tuaj yeem siv los kho urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam. Qee cov kev kho mob pej xeem suav hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Txoj kev kho nws tus kheej yog conventionally muab faib ua ob theem: tshem tawm cov pob zeb lawv tus kheej thiab kho cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic uas ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm pathology. Nrog me me neoplasms, txog li 5 hli loj, cov tshuaj uas muaj lithotropic nyhuv yog siv. Tab sis pob zeb loj tsuas yog tshem tawm los ntawm kev phais lossis los ntawm kev siv ultrasonic lithotripsy.
Kev noj haus rau urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam
Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov rau tus kab mob no yuav tsum tau muab tso ua ke, nyob ntawm seb hom neoplasm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm chav kawm ntawm pathology. Tab sis yuav ua li cas nws yuav,ib tug poj niam uas muaj tus kab mob no tau pom tias haus dej kom ntau - tsawg kawg ob litres dej ib hnub. Nws kuj tseem pom zoo kom haus ntau cov zaub mov uas muaj fiber ntau ntau li ntau tau.
Kev noj zaub mov rau urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam yuav tsum txwv cov nqaij kib thiab haus luam yeeb, nplua nuj broths, chocolate, cocoa, taum thiab kas fes hauv cov zaub mov txhua hnub. Xws li kev noj haus yog qhia feem ntau rau cov neeg uas muaj pob zeb urate. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom tsis txhob haus cawv thiab ntsim zaub mov.
Khoom noj khoom haus rau urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam uas tau ntsib cov pob zeb calcium yuav tsum tsis pub cov mis nyuj fermented, sorrel, lettuce, carrots, cocoa, strawberries, dub currants thiab kas fes. Nws raug nquahu kom ntxiv cov vitamin B6 ntawm 0.02 g peb zaug hauv ib hnub nrog zaub mov. Koj yuav tsum haus dej tsawg kawg ib hlis.
Kev noj zaub mov rau urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam uas muaj phosphate neoplasms yuav tsum txwv cov khoom noj siv mis, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qe thiab zaub. Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov yuav tsum suav nrog ntau cov ntses, cov hmoov nplej thiab cov nqaij kom ntau li ntau tau.
Qhov muaj cov pob zeb cystine hauv lub cev suav nrog haus dej kom ntau thiab siv ntsev tsawg. Tsis muaj lwm yam txwv.
Drug therapy
Tau kawg, kom rov ua tiav, txhua tus neeg mob uas muaj qhov kev kuaj mob no yuav tsum tau siv qee yam tshuaj. Kev kho mob ntawm urolithiasis nyob rau hauv cov poj niam koom nrog kev siv cov tshuaj antispasmodics thiab analgesics, uas yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm qhov mob syndrome, ib tug yam ntxwv pathology. Feem ntauCov neeg mob tau pom zoo kom noj "No-shpy", "Analgin", "Ketarol", "Baralgin". Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm mob hnyav, intolerable lub raum colic, tus kws kho mob yuav sau narcotic analgesics.
Xyaum ib txwm kho urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam koom nrog kev siv tsis yog tsuas yog cov tshuaj kho mob xwb, tab sis kuj txhais tau hais tias txhawb nqa cov pob zeb nrawm. Piv txwv li, Ibuprofen, Tamsulosin, Nifedipine, Naproxen feem ntau siv rau lub hom phiaj no.
Tshuaj, raws li txoj cai, raug xaiv los ntawm tus kheej, suav nrog cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj neoplasms:
- calcium oxalate pob zeb xav tau kev kho mob nrog Blemaren, magnesium oxide, Hypothiazide, vitamin B6;
- raws li uric acid - xav tau "Allopurinol" thiab "Blemaren";
- nrog cov pob zeb calcium-phosphate, tshuaj tua kab mob, boric acid, tshuaj ntsuab, "Hypothiazide", magnesium ascorbate, methionine tau sau;
- cystine pob zeb xav tau kev kho mob nrog ascorbic acid, Blemaren, penicillin.
Yog tias, raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj zis, kuaj pom cov txheej txheem inflammatory, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsim nyog yuav tsum tau sau tseg.
Txhua yam tshuaj tsim nyog raug xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob nephrologist lossis urologist raws li kev kuaj mob.
Tshuaj pob zeb yam tsis tau phais
Yog tias kev kho tshuaj tsis zoo lossis tsis pom zoo, xaiv txoj kev kho mob sib txawv rau tus neeg mob. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev ua kom tsawg thiab tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj uas tso cai rau koj los rhuav tshem thiab tshem tawm cov neoplasms los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov zis. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog:
- litholysis;
- Yureterolitholapoxia;
- instrumental phais ntawm lub ureter;
- remote lithotripsy;
- extraction;
- contact lithotripsy.
Surgery
Thaum lub pob zeb loj dua 5 cm, cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau pom zoo rau kev phais rau tus neeg mob. Nws kuj tau qhia rau pob zeb hauv lub ureter.
qhib kev ua haujlwm tsis tshua muaj hnub no. Xws li kev cuam tshuam feem ntau muaj ob theem: crushing thiab extracting lub pob zeb. Tsis zoo li lwm txoj kev kho mob, xws li kev ua haujlwm muab rau lub sijhawm nyuaj thiab ntev dua ntawm kev rov qab los ntawm lub cev.
Kev kho mob urolithiasis hauv cov poj niam nrog cov tshuaj pej xeem
Qee cov zaub mov muaj npe nrov rau lawv cov txiaj ntsig hauv kev tawm tsam cov kab mob no. Ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus no yog sau los ntawm Yordanov. Rau nws cov kev npaj koj xav tau: mint, horsetail thiab nettle nplooj, sawv hips thiab juniper berries, laus paj.
Tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum muab sib xyaw, noj lawv hauv qhov sib npaug. Rau 2 tablespoons tshuaj ntsuab, ib liter ntawm boiling dej yog xav tau. Cov tshuaj npaj yuav tsum tau tso cai rau brew, lim thiab noj 3 zaug hauv ib hnub nrog zaub mov. Ib koob tshuaj yog 50 ml. Feem ntau,Kev kho mob ntawm urolithiasis ntawm ob lub raum nyob rau hauv ib tug poj niam yog ntev heev. Yog vim li cas nws yog contraindicated nyob rau hauv lub mob ntawm pathology.
pob zeb me tuaj yeem tshem tawm nrog txhua yam tshuaj diuretic:
- calcium thiab phosphate - kev sib xyaw ntawm madder, St. John's wort, parsley, burdock, cranberries, rue, bearberry thiab calamus;
- Uric acid neoplasms - strawberry nplooj, cranberries, horsetail, birch, parsley thiab dill noob yuav pab tau;
- pob kws txhob lo lo ntxhuav, knotweed, horsetail, peppermint, strawberries tau tshem ntawm oxalate pob zeb.
Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov pob zeb me me, decoctions tuaj yeem npaj los ntawm ntau cov nroj tsuag, nws tsis tas yuav siv tag nrho cov khoom xyaw. Rau txhua 2 tablespoons ntawm qhov sib tov, ib liter ntawm boiling dej yog npaum li cas. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los hais qhov kev daws teeb meem tsis pub ntev tshaj peb teev. Cov tshuaj npaj yuav tsum haus peb zaug ib hnub twg. Kev kho mob yuav tsum kav 2-3 lub lis piam. Rau txhua koob koj yuav tsum haus tsis pub ntau tshaj 20 ml ntawm cov nyiaj.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Tau kawg, nws yooj yim dua los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm urolithiasis dua li kho nws tom qab. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo ua raws li ob peb txoj cai yooj yim uas yuav pab ua kom qeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm pob zeb thiab tshem tawm lawv. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog ua raws li cov xwm txheej no rau txhua tus poj niam uas tau mob raum mob tsawg kawg ib zaug.
- Kev haus dej tshuav nyiaj li cas. Nws raug nquahu kom haus tsawg kawg ob litres dej thaum nruab hnub. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, qib no tuaj yeem nce mus rau peblitres.
- Tiv thaiv kom lub cev qhuav dej. Hauv huab cua kub, koj yuav tsum haus dej ntau dua, tab sis qee qhov me me.
- Kev noj haus. Kev noj zaub mov kom zoo tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm pathology. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo tshaj yog sab laug rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Yog xav tau, cov ntawv qhia zaub mov txhua hnub tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog cov txiaj ntsig multivitamin complexes thiab tshuaj ntxiv.
- txwv ntsev. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau cov tais diav qab ntsev dua li vice versa. Cov ntsev ntau dhau ua rau lub nra hnyav rau lub raum, ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm pathology.
- Lub cev ua haujlwm. Kev ntxhov siab nyob rau sab nraub qaum thiab lub plab txhim kho cov ntshav ntws mus rau ob lub raum, uas txhawb cov txheej txheem metabolism thiab tshem tawm cov co toxins.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Rov Qab
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev rov ua dua ntawm pob zeb hauv lub cev ntawm cov zis, koj yuav tsum:
- kho txhua yam kab mob hauv lub sijhawm;
- tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua;
- tau tshem tawm ntawm lub neej sedentary;
- noj zoo;
- ua lub cev kho mob tom qab phais;
- tshuaj xyuas vitamin D thiab calcium ntau ib xyoos ib zaug;
- mus ntsib kws kho mob urologist nrog tib zaus;
- kuaj ntshav thiab zis txhua ob peb lub hlis.
Cov kev ntsuas yooj yim no ua rau nws tuaj yeem txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm pob zeb hauv lub cev ntawm cov kab mob genitourinary thiab tshem tawm tag nrho cov tsos mob tsis zoo ntawm pathology.
Kev nyuaj siab
Nyob rau lub sijhawm thiabNrog kev kho kom raug, urolithiasis hem tus poj niam uas muaj teeb meem xws li:
- Yhydronephrosis;
- paranephritis;
- pyonephrosis;
- ntshav qab zib;
- mob rwj;
- nephrosclerosis;
- raum tsis ua haujlwm.
Kev kho tsis raug, tsis saib xyuas tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo thiab kev tsim txom ntawm kev kho pej xeem yam tsis tau tso cai los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij - tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj heev.
