Ntau lub sijhawm ntev, lub siab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tib neeg tau kawm txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus los kho cov kab mob ntawm tib neeg. Nws yog lub npe hu los ntawm ancient Egyptian kev kho mob treatises hais tias cov pov thawj ntawm lub loj tshaj plaws civilization nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj qhov zais cia ntawm kev kho mob hmo ntuj dig muag (tsis pom kev thaum tsaus ntuj) nrog kev pab los ntawm lub siab ntawm cov tsiaj thiab ntses, tsis paub dab tsi vitamin A.
Nyob hauv butter, qaub cream, qe qe thiab lwm yam khoom, cov khoom tshwj xeeb no yuav pom ntau tom qab.
Keeb kwm me ntsis…
Thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 19-20th, kev ua haujlwm nquag pib los ntawm kev kawm txog cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb, tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom sib txuas uas pab tswj kev noj qab haus huv thiab ua rau tib neeg lub neej ntev. Ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb yog Lavxias biochemist N. I. Lunin, Dutch bacteriologist Christian Eikman, Askiv biochemist Frederick Hopkins, thiab ntau lwm tus kws tshawb fawb Lavxias thiab txawv teb chaws. Hauv xyoo 1911, thawj zaug, tus kws tshawb fawb Polish Kazimir Funk pom kev kho mob rau cov kab mob ntshav siab beriberi, uas tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm vitamin B1 tsis txaus. Crystals cais los ntawm nplej bran, nws hu ua "Vitamin"los yog vitamin. Txhais los ntawm lat. vita - txhais tau tias "lub neej", thiab los ntawm lus Askiv. mine - "amine", uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm cais cov tshuaj no raws li ib tug muaj nitrogen-muaj compound. Tus kws tshawb fawb kuj tau hais tias ntau yam kab mob tshwm sim vim tsis muaj qee yam hauv lub cev. Qhov no tau cim qhov pib ntawm tag nrho lub sijhawm ntawm kev tshawb pom, thawj qhov yog kev tsim cov vitamin A lossis retinol.
Nyob rau xyoo 1913, ob pawg kws tshawb fawb ywj pheej (thawj suav nrog Elmer Werner McCollum thiab Marguerite Davis, thiab thib ob - Thomas Osborne thiab cov npoj yaig) muab rho tawm los ntawm butter thiab nqaij qaib yolk ib yam khoom uas tsis yaj hauv dej, tab sis zoo kawg nkaus. coj tus cwj pwm hauv lipids. Nws tau hu ua "fat-soluble factor A", renaming Funk's famous "vitamin" rau "water-soluble factor B". Yog li tau tsim lub hauv paus ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov vitamins - vitaminology, "pioneer" uas yog retinol.
Cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb ntawm Vitamin A
"Retinol acetate", lossis "Vitamin A hauv cov roj", yog cov tshuaj uas yooj yim nrhiav hauv txhua lub tsev muag tshuaj. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo kawg nkaus rau tib neeg lub cev.
Cov khoom tseem ceeb no, ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant, koom nrog txhua qhov kev cuam tshuam redox, tiv thaiv peb lub cev los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov dawb radicals. Nws kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov protein synthesis, normalizes metabolism, pab ntxiv dag zog rau cov teeb meem thiab lwm yam dej num ntawm cell thiab intracellular membranes.
Rau cov leeg nqaijapparatus, tawv nqaij thiab plaub hau
Vitamin A yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg, nrog rau cov hniav, rau kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov tawv nqaij, plaub hau, rau tes, nws kuj tseem ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tawv nqaij tawv thiab kev laus ntawm lub cev tag nrho..
Retinol yog qhov zoo rau kev kho pob txuv, txhim kho cov mob ntawm cov neeg mob psoriasis, txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj uas ua kom lub qhov txhab zoo thiab lwm yam kev raug mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Vitamin A yog tshuaj rau cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, rau tes thiab plaub hau: mob dermatosis, xeroderma (qhuav tawv nqaij), seborrheic eczema, neurodermatitis, urticaria, ntau hom lichen, daim tawv nqaij hyperpigmentation, dryness thiab brittleness ntawm cov ntsia hlau daim hlau, alopecia, thiab lwm yam. Kev loj hlob tsis zoo keratin fibers, nrog rau cov plaub hau grey.
Kev mob qhov muag
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov vitamin A ntawm kev pom kev pom, photoreception, normalization ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov pom kev tsom xam, nrog rau kev nkag siab ntawm lub teeb los ntawm peb lub qhov muag tau ntev tau paub. Cov pigments muaj nyob rau hauv beta-carotene yooj yim nkag mus rau lub retina, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm cataracts thiab degenerative hloov nyob rau hauv lub macula.
Tiv thaiv kab mob
Vitamin A hauv roj, kev siv uas tsim nyog los ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog, yog tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg hauv kev kho mob sib kis. Retinol tsis tsuas yog tswj hwm thiab kho cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg epithelial thiab cov mucous daim nyias nyias, tab sis kuj ua rau lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv. Yog li, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm.lub ntsws thiab zoo ntxiv rau kev kho mob peptic ulcers ntawm plab hnyuv thiab colitis.
Vitamin A tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob lossis txo cov mob khaub thuas, mob khaub thuas, kab mob ua pa lossis tso zis, kab mob plab, thiab kab mob kis: qhua pias, kab mob thiab txawm tias AIDS.
Dab tsi yog retinol nto moo rau?
Vitamin A hauv roj yog dav siv thaum cev xeeb tub ua ke nrog cov vitamin E kom txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem thiab tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov txawv txav hauv kev loj hlob ntawm embryo.
Retinol stimulates synthesis ntawm steroid hormones, normalizes spermatogenesis thiab tswj cov thyroid ua haujlwm. Beta-carotene los yog provitamin A yog cov muaj zog antioxidant, nws pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv thiab kho mob qog noj ntshav, tiv thaiv kev rov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob tom qab phais. Fragments ntawm vitamin A molecules (citral, cichol) paub txog lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau tib neeg.
Ntxiv rau, retinol, tsub zuj zuj hauv daim siab, nce qib ntawm glycogen hauv lub cev, hauv plawv thiab cov leeg nqaij, ua kom muaj zog ntawm tus neeg. Vitamin A txhim kho cov concentration ntawm cov roj cholesterol tseem ceeb hauv cov ntshav, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm endocrine system thiab endocrine qog.
Khoom noj yog qhov chaw ntawm vitamin A
Cov thawj coj hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm vitamin A yog cov khoom tsiaj, los ntawm qhov chaw tib neeg lub cev tau txais lawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm retinoids. Cov roj ntsha roj thiab roj ntses yog cov nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm cov npe no.
Ntau cov khoom siv tseem ceeb no kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov qe ntawm nqaij qaib thiab quail qe, nyob rau hauv qab zib, tag nrho cov mis nyuj, cheese, offal, daim siab ntawm tsiaj thiab ntses, sturgeon caviar, fermented mis nyuj khoom. Cov rog soluble vitamins A, D, E thiab K nyob rau hauv butter yog zoo kawg nkaus absorbed los ntawm tib neeg lub cev raws li lawv nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw zoo tagnrho. Tsuas yog 50 g (txawm hais tias cov kws noj zaub mov pom zoo kom tsis pub ntau tshaj 30 g) ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb no suav nrog ib feem peb ntawm tus neeg xav tau txhua hnub rau retinol. Tab sis butter muaj calorie ntau ntau, yog li los ntawm kev txwv nws qhov kev siv rau qhov tsim nyog txwv, koj tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tsis muaj vitamin A los ntawm carotenoids. Los ntawm ib tug molecule ntawm beta-carotene, los yog provitamin A, tib neeg lub cev muaj peev xwm mus ua synthesize ob molecules ntawm retinol. Carotenoids yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tshuaj ntsuab thiab berries nyob rau hauv kaj, "tsheb lub teeb" xim: carrots, taub dag, apricots, spinach, txiv duaj, broccoli, grapes, celery thiab parsley, sage, oats, nettles, burdock paus, mint thiab lwm yam..
Tus nqi ntawm cov vitamin miracle no yog dab tsi?
Hnub no, nyob rau hauv ntau lub khw muag tshuaj koj tuaj yeem nrhiav "elixir ntawm cov hluas" - vitamin A hauv roj, tus nqi uas tsuas yog pennies. Cov tshuaj los ntawm Lavxias teb sab manufacturers yog nyob rau hauv capsules: rau 10 pcs. - 7 rubles, rau 30 pcs. - 25-40 rubles, thiab hauv fwj ntawm 50 ml ntawm retinol acetate nqi 70-100 rubles. Kev npaj tshuaj pleev ib ce txawv teb chaws nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb no txawv ntawm tus nqi siab dua - los ntawm 1500 txog 2000 rubles.
Yuav siv cov vitamin A hauv roj li cas?
hom kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm retinol yogretinol acetate los yog retinol palmitate hauv cov roj los yog tshuaj ntsiav. Qhov yooj yim ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav yog vim qhov koob tshuaj ntawm cov vitamin A, nrog rau qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj nquag tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog huab cua vim lub plhaub.
Raws li koj paub, retinol raug oxidation sai thaum sib cuag nrog oxygen, uas txo nws cov nyhuv. Feem ntau hauv cov khw muag tshuaj koj tuaj yeem pom cov vitamin npaj "Aevit" - "duet" ntawm cov vitamins A thiab E, uas yog tocopherol, nrog rau kev txhawb nqa lub cev, tiv thaiv retinol los ntawm oxidation. Rau cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntau yam kab mob, vitamin A nyob rau hauv cov roj los yog "Aevit" yog muab los ntawm kws kho mob. Thiab rau kev tiv thaiv, cov kws kho mob pom zoo: cov menyuam yaus noj 0.5-1 mg, cov neeg laus - 1.5 mg, thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub lossis cov niam laus - 2.0-2.5 mg. Cov nyiaj no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm ob theem ntawm kev ua lub cev thiab kev siv qee yam khoom noj thiab tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob ua ntej noj cov vitamin A!
Vitamin A hauv cosmetology
Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau overestimate qhov tseem ceeb ntawm retinol rau kev zoo nkauj thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm daim tawv nqaij, mob ntawm tes thiab plaub hau. Ntxiv ob peb tee ntawm cov roj tov ntawm retinol acetate los yog Aevit rau lub ntsej muag, lub cev los yog keratin fibers hloov nws mus rau hauv ib tug tiag tiag panacea uas nres cov txheej txheem ntawm cov laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, rov qab mus rau ib tug radiant noj qab nyob zoo saib, thiab plaub hau - elasticity, resilience thiab ntuj ci.
Vitamin A hauv roj rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog ib qho khoom plig muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm Nature uas nourishes thiab moisturizes nws. Cosmetology dav siv retinol hauv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kev laus: rausmoothing nplua wrinkles, ntxiv dag zog rau daim tawv nqaij turgor, hyperpigmentation thiab lwm yam aesthetic imperfections.
Hauv tsev, tsuas yog ob peb tee ntawm vitamin A hauv cov roj lossis Aevit hauv lub npog ntsej muag tsis tu ncua (ntawm tus nqi ntawm 2-3 tee rau 50 g ntawm qhov sib tov) yuav ua rau koj cov tawv nqaij zoo nkauj thiab noj qab nyob zoo.
Vitamin A nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag roj tuaj yeem ntxiv rau txhua qhov sib xyaw uas tsis muaj cov khoom noj acidic: txiv qaub lossis txiv qaub kua txiv, fermented mis nyuj haus, txiv hmab txiv ntoo acidic los yog berries. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub npog ntsej muag nrog retinol yuav tsum tsis txhob muab cua sov ntau dhau, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua los ntxiv rau qhov sov sov. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg nrog vitamin A tuaj yeem tau yog tias siv rau yav tsaus ntuj, ua ntej yuav mus pw, vim tias cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov hlwb ntawm daim tawv nqaij tau qhib thaum hmo ntuj.
Vitamin A hauv cov roj plaub hau pab ua kom cov plaub hau mos thiab silky.
Yog tias hauv 20-40 ml (nyob ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov keratin rods) ntawm burdock, txiv ntseej, almond lossis txiv duaj roj, ntxiv 7-15 ml ntawm cov vitamins A thiab E, raws li, los yog 5-10 tsiav tshuaj. Kev npaj Aevit, do cov khoom xyaw, thov lawv ntawm koj cov plaub hau, thiab tom qab ntawd qhwv koj lub taub hau nrog compress thiab tuav rau ib teev, tom qab ob peb cov txheej txheem txawm tias cov plaub hau tsis muaj zog yuav zoo siab rau koj nrog nws lub zog, noj qab haus huv ntuj ci thiab kev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj.
Vitamin A hauv cov roj yog ib qho tshwj xeeb "elixir" uas zoo tagnrho rau kev kho mob, ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev thiab rov ua kom lub cev. Ua ke nrog cov vitamins C, E thiab D, zinc, fluorine, calcium thiab hlau, nwsabsorbed zoo dua thiab nqa cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws rau tus neeg.
