Mob ntshav qab zib yog ib yam kab mob ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg muaj tus kab mob no ob npaug txhua xyoo. Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus tshwm sim thaum muaj ob hom kab mob metabolic - yog tias lub cev tsis tsim cov tshuaj insulin txaus (thawj hom) thiab yog tias cov tshuaj insulin cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub so ntswg (hom thib ob). Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus tshwm sim hauv 80-90 feem pua ntawm txhua tus neeg mob thiab feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tsis zoo li kev rog rog. Hauv kev kho tus kab mob, cov tshuaj Metformin tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej hauv txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws - cov ntsiav tshuaj uas, vim lawv cov khoom, tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam heev ntawm cov neeg uas xav kom poob phaus, txawm tias lawv tsis mob ntshav qab zib.
Metformin yog dab tsi
"Metformin" thiab nws cov analogues - cov tshuaj hypoglycemic tau sau tseg hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib mellitus - feem ntau ntawm hom thib ob, tab sis qee qhov kev kho mob kuj raug coj los ua thawj hom. Txij li thaumTxij li thaum nws cov lus qhia hauv xyoo 1957, Metformin tseem yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov teeb meem ntawm kev rog. Insulin txhawb kev tso cov rog, thiab Metformin, los ntawm kev txo cov tshuaj insulin hauv lub cev, pab tshem tawm nws. Nws yog vim qhov kev ua no uas ntau tus neeg siv Metformin ua cov tshuaj noj.
Cov tshuaj Metformin ntsiav tshuaj
Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg suav nrog cov khoom xyaw nquag metformin hydrochloride, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom ntuj tsim tau los ntawm Fabkis lilac thiab tshis rue. Cov excipients ntawm cov tshuaj yog talc, pob kws starch, magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, as Well as povidone K90, crospovidone thiab macrogol 6000.
Cov lus qhia rau kev noj Metformin
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, "Metformin" - cov ntsiav tshuaj uas tau sau tseg rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yam tsis muaj kev nyiam rau ketoacidosis (kev cuam tshuam cov carbohydrate metabolism vim tsis muaj insulin). Cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhia rau cov neeg mob rog rog, yog tias kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau kev rog rog, nws tuaj yeem raug sau ua ke nrog insulin.
Nrog rau kev kuaj mob xws li ntshav qab zib mellitus, Metformin ntsiav tshuaj tau muab tshuaj ua ib qho tshuaj ywj pheej, thiab ua ke nrog cov tshuaj hypoglycemic ntawm lwm pab pawg, yog tias peb tham txog hom thib ob. Hauv thawj hom, nws raug sau ua ib qho ntxiv rau kev kho cov tshuaj insulin tseem ceeb.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias Metformin kuj tseem siv tau zoo hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav nrog ntshav qab zib.
Metformin action
Metformin nce qhov kev nkag siab ntawm cov hlwb rau insulin. Cov piam thaj thiab cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav txo qis. Cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj ua kom cov txheej txheem ntawm cov rog oxidation, tsis txhob tso cai rau kev nqus ntawm carbohydrates thiab yog li tiv thaiv cov rog hauv lub cev.
Insulin pib cov txheej txheem ntawm cov roj deposition, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub plab). Yog li ntawd, kev noj zaub mov feem ntau yog ua raws li tshem tawm cov khoom noj uas ua rau muaj suab thaj ntau ntxiv los ntawm kev noj zaub mov. Metformin kuj tseem txo qis kev tshaib kev nqhis ntawm insulin.
Kev tso tawm thiab ntau npaum li cas
"Metformin" - coated ntsiav tshuaj, 500, 850 thiab 1000 mg, uas muaj nyob rau hauv hlwv ntawm 10 daim, yog dawb. Pib kho nrog 500-1000 mg ib hnub twg, uas yog, 1-2 ntsiav tshuaj. Cov koob tshuaj, nyob ntawm theem ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, tom qab thawj 10-15 hnub ntawm kev kho tuaj yeem maj mam nce, tab sis yuav tsum tsis txhob noj ntau dua 3000 mg ib hnub. Kev saib xyuas koob tshuaj - 1000-2000 mg (3-4 ntsiav tshuaj). Cov lus qhia "Metformin" kuj tsis pom zoo kom noj ntau dua 1000 mg ib hnub rau cov neeg laus.
Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau noj tag nrho thaum lub sijhawm lossis tom qab noj mov, ntxuav nrog dej. Qee zaum cov lus nug tshwm sim seb puas tuaj yeem faib cov ntsiav tshuaj ("Metformin") hauv ib nrab. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog ib koob tshuaj 500 mg, ces nws tsis pom zoo kom ua qhov no, vim tias koob tshuaj me me tsis muab cov txiaj ntsig xav tau, thiab ntxiv rau, nws tsis pom zoo kom tawg lub plhaub yog tias nws npog cov ntsiav tshuaj. Yog tias nws yooj yim rau nqos vim nws qhov loj, ces nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob thiab muab rau hauv qhov chaw - tab sis tam sim ntawd,ib feem tom qab lwm.
Txij li "Metformin" tuaj yeem muab cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv plab hnyuv, koob tshuaj txhua hnub yuav tsum tsis txhob noj ib zaug, tab sis ob lossis peb koob tshuaj thaum nruab hnub, nyiam dua nrog zaub mov. Yog tias pom muaj teeb meem loj hauv metabolic, ces qhov koob tshuaj yuav tsum raug txo.
Yog tias koj yuav tsum noj lwm yam tshuaj tib lub sijhawm thaum noj Metformin (cov ntsiav tshuaj), cov lus qhia rau kev siv muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov tshuaj twg tuaj yeem thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua ke nrog Metformin. Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam tshuaj nrog Metformin.
Analogues
Feem ntau, cov neeg mob txaus siab rau cov tshuaj analogues - pheej yig dua lossis zoo dua, suav nrog yog tias lawv xav tau tshuaj rau ntshav qab zib. "Metformin" muaj ntau yam analogues uas muaj cov ntsiab lus zoo sib xws rau nws. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog Glucophage thiab Siofor, ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv nrov tshaj plaws rau Metformin, nrog rau ntau lwm cov tshuaj uas muaj cov khoom siv tib yam, vim tias lawv muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws rau lub cev thiab muaj cov nyhuv zoo sib xws. Tib cov lus qhia rau kev noj cov tshuaj Metformin. Koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov kev tshuaj xyuas txog cov analogues hauv Is Taws Nem, koj tuaj yeem sib piv cov lus qhia rau kev siv txhawm rau txiav txim siab thiab xaiv cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws.
Analogues ntawm Metformin yog:
- "Bagomet";
- "Hexal";
- Glycon;
- Glyminfor;
- Metospanin;
- Metfogamma (500, 850, 1000);
- Nova Met;
- NovoFormin;
- "Sofamet";
- Formetin thiab lwm tus.
- "Siofor" (500, 850, 1000) - Cov tshuaj German noj hauv qhov ncauj, muaj cov nyhuv hypoglycemic, hloov pauv zoo rau kev txhaj tshuaj insulin.
Raws li Glucophage, nws kim dua Metformin, tab sis thaum noj nws, cov neeg mob tsawg dua 50 feem pua ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab. "Glucophage" yog qhia rau hom ntshav qab zib hom 2, nws yog siv ob leeg ntawm nws tus kheej thiab ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj. Kev hloov pauv "Glucophage Ntev" muaj lub sijhawm txuas ntxiv ntawm kev siv tau.
Yeej, txhua yam tshuaj no muaj tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, vim tias lawv muaj ib qho tshuaj nquag ntawm lawv lub hauv paus.
Tseem muaj cov khoom noj uas pab txo cov ntshav qabzib:
- "Vijar" (tseem txo cov roj cholesterol, ua kom lub cev tsis muaj zog, tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob thiab kab mob);
- "Spirulina" (pab tau rau kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic, hauv kev tawm tsam qhov hnyav dhau);
- Glucoberry (txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib) thiab lwm yam.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev noj zaub mov tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev hloov pauv tag nrho rau cov tshuaj, lawv tuaj yeem siv los ntxiv rau kev kho mob tseem ceeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ntej noj cov tshuaj noj, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no.
Metformin rau ntshav qab zib
Metformin yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo tshaj plaws hauv khw.niaj hnub nim no. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2, nws tuaj yeem noj nrog insulin, thiab cov koob tshuaj raug xaiv nyob ntawm seb cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav.
Hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib, nws inhibits glucogenesis yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov ntshav ntawm insulin. Nws kuj tseem ua kom cov ntshav khiav hauv lub siab, kom cov piam thaj hloov mus ua glycogen sai dua.
Hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2, Metformin tuaj yeem muab tshuaj rau lub neej. Yog tias nws tau muab tshuaj ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj hypoglycemic, nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov qib qabzib kom tsis txhob muaj ntshav qab zib. Nrog rau kev noj tshuaj sib cais, hypoglycemia tsis tshwm sim.
Ntxiv rau, nws yog siv los kho cov neeg mob rog rog, uas feem ntau nrog ntshav qab zib, vim nws txo qis qab los noj mov thiab txo qhov nqus cov piam thaj los ntawm cov zaub mov hauv plab hnyuv.
Hauv thawj hom, cov tshuaj siv los ntxiv rau cov tshuaj insulin thiab lwm yam tshuaj ntshav qab zib, nws tuaj yeem muab cais rau hauv hom 2 ntshav qab zib nkaus xwb. Thaum pib kho nrog Metformin, lwm yam tshuaj hypoglycemic yuav tsum raug tso tseg.
Kev kho nrog "Metformin" kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum muaj cov kab mob metabolic thiab lipid metabolism tsis zoo.
Metabolic Syndrome yog lub xeev ntawm lub cev uas muaj ntau yam sib xyaw ua ke: carbohydrate metabolism cuam tshuam, tus neeg mob raug kev txom nyem los ntawm arterial hypertension, rog, thiab lwm yam. Tus mob no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv ntawm cov kab mob plawv. Qhov xwm txheej no yog ua raws li kev tiv thaiv insulin, uas, raws liKev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no, muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab kab mob vascular.
Raws li cov kab mob lipid metabolism, raws li kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias qib triglycerides, tag nrho cov roj cholesterol thiab LDL txo qis yog tias koj noj Metformin ntsiav tshuaj rau ntshav qab zib. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb txog cov tshuaj no kuj muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws qhov ua tau zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua siab ntev carbohydrate.
"Metformin" rau kev poob phaus
Cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov pov thawj poob phaus hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias "Metformin" tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam ntawm cov neeg uas xav kom poob phaus.
Thaum cov tshuaj pib cov txheej txheem uas pab hlawv roj ntau dhau thiab tiv thaiv kev tsim cov rog tshiab, nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj rau cov neeg uas tsis muaj ntshav qab zib, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog ntau yam mob.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj nws tus kheej tsis hlawv rog, tab sis tsuas yog pab kom siv nws ntau dhau yog tias qhov no tseem nrog lub cev ua haujlwm thiab noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb. "Metformin" - cov tshuaj tsis yog cov txuj ci tseem ceeb, tab sis tsuas yog ib qho tshuaj ntxiv. Txawm hais tias ntawm cov kws kho mob tsis muaj kev xav tsis meej txog leej twg tuaj yeem noj cov ntsiav tshuaj Metformin: cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev phom sij rau lub cev los ntawm cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau ntsuas tus kheej hauv txhua kis. Qee tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg kom meej meej kom tus neeg mob poob phaus sai, lwm tus xav tias nws muaj kev phom sij heevkab mob. Yog li ntawd, thaum poob phaus nrog Metformin, kev kuaj ua ntej thiab kev sab laj kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yog tsim nyog los txiav txim siab.
Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account ntau contraindications. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 lossis ntshav qab zib hom 2 yam tsis tau tsim cov tshuaj insulin, koj tsuas tuaj yeem sau tshuaj Metformin thiab daws teeb meem nrog kev poob phaus nrog kev pab los ntawm kws kho mob endocrinologist.
Yuav tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj rau lub raum, lub plawv, pulmonary insufficiency, kab mob siab, anemia.
Cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem siv thaum lub cev tsis muaj zog - tom qab ua haujlwm, raug mob, mob hnyav, yuav tsum zam thaum muaj kab mob sib kis.
Nws yog txwv tsis pub noj Metformin yog tias koj noj zaub mov tsawg.
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas tshwm sim hauv lub cev thaum kho Metformin thiab pab kom poob phaus yog:
- nrawm oxidation;
- txo qis hauv kev nqus carbohydrate;
- zoo dua nqus cov piam thaj los ntawm cov leeg nqaij;
- txo kev tshaib kev nqhis, ua rau poob phaus.
Nrog kev tswj tsis tau qhov hnyav nrog cov tshuaj no, cov kev mob tshwm sim muaj tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj noj ntau dua li cov lus qhia. Ntxiv rau cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm txoj hnyuv, koj tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog, tsaug zog, qaug zog, lactic acidosis thiab lwm yam kab mob loj tuaj yeem tsim.
Tsis tas li, thaum noj Metformin, koj yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj haus. Nws tsis suav cov khoom qab zib, pasta, qos yaj ywm, dej cawv. Noj mov yuav tsum tsis tu ncuaKoj tsis tuaj yeem tshaib plab, tab sis tus nqi noj haus yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 2500 kcal ib hnub. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, koj yuav tsum haus dej huv ntau npaum li sai tau.
Txawm hais tias "Metformin" tshem tawm qhov xav tau los ua kom lub cev hnyav, qhov no tsis txhais tau tias txhua yam kev ua si lub cev tuaj yeem zam tau. Kev tawm dag zog thaum sawv ntxov, kev ua si sab nraum zoov, kev ua si tsis muaj zog hauv kev ua ke nrog cov tshuaj yuav pab tshem tawm cov rog ntau dua. Tsis txhob cia siab tias Metformin yuav ua txhua yam rau koj yam tsis muaj kev siv zog ntxiv rau koj li!
Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob nqa nrog tshuaj thiab noj raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus "qhov ntau - qhov zoo": koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tshaj qhov ntau npaum yog tias koj noj Metformin (cov tshuaj). Cov lus qhia rau kev siv muab cov lus qhia meej txog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj, yog tias tsis pom, nws tuaj yeem ua mob rau lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem noj tsis pub dhau peb lub hlis, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau so.
Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem pom ntau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg uas tau noj tshuaj Metformin. Cov kev tshuaj xyuas muaj ntau haiv neeg: ib tug neeg tau tshem tawm cov rog ntau dhau sai thiab ntev, ib tus neeg raug tiv thaiv los ntawm kev coj cwj pwm phem lossis kev mob tshwm sim. Tab sis feem ntau, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias cov neeg uas tau pab Metformin tau coj mus rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob, tom qab kuaj xyuas, thaum tswj hwm kev noj zaub mov tsim nyog thiab tsis tso tseg kev tawm dag zog lub cev.
Y Contraindications rau Metformin
Ua ntej pib kho"Metformin", tsis hais seb koj puas muaj ntshav qab zib lossis xav kom poob phaus, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov npe zoo ntawm contraindications thiab sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
Contraindications muaj xws li lub raum, plawv, pulmonary insufficiency, loj pathologies ntawm daim siab thiab biliary ib ntsuj av; pathologies ntev ntawm cov kab mob ua pa. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj nyob rau hauv lub post-traumatic thiab postoperative lub sij hawm, raws li zoo raws li tom qab myocardial infarction thaum lub sij hawm rehabilitation. Kev noj "Metformin" yog contraindicated nyob rau hauv kis kab mob thiab inflammatory txheej txheem thiab exacerbations ntawm tej yam kab mob, mob loj heev anemia.
Cov tshuaj txwv tsis pub thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation. Thaum npaj cev xeeb tub lossis nws qhov pib thaum noj Metformin, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau tso tseg thiab hloov mus rau kev kho tshuaj insulin. Kev pub niam mis, yog tias xav tau kev kho mob nrog Metformin, yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, vim tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm cov kua mis, tab sis txawm tias ib feem me me ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau nkag mus rau hauv cov mis yog qhov txaus ntshai rau tus menyuam, txij li hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo yog cov contraindications xyoo. Metformin tsis raug tshuaj rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo.
Tsis tas li, Metformin yuav tsum tsis txhob noj thaum haus cawv thiab haus cawv txaus. Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob haus cawv thiab tshuaj ethanol yog tias koj noj Metformin. Qhov tseeb yog tias kev sib xyaw ntawm ethanol thiab metformin, txawm tias me me, ua rau muaj kev loj hlob sai ntawm lactocytosis, mus txog rau kev tuag.
Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai thaum noj Metformin tas liTsawg-calorie thiab tshaib plab noj.
Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob noj los ntawm cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 60 xyoo yog tias lawv ua haujlwm hnyav, txhawm rau zam kev txhim kho lactic acidosis.
Thaum kho, cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau saib xyuas lub raum ua haujlwm, saib xyuas qib lactate hauv ntshav, ntshav creatinine.
Drug side effects
"Metformin" provokes ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev phiv. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm kho, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm koj lub cev thiab, yog tias muaj kev tsis txaus siab tshwm sim, tam sim ntawd sab laj nrog kws kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj noj cov tshuaj tsis yog raws li cov lus qhia thiab tshuaj ntawm kws kho mob, tab sis ntawm koj tus kheej.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov tshuaj ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv plab hnyuv. Hauv qhov no, xws li kev tshwm sim tsis zoo xws li:
- nausea;
- ntuav hnyav;
- mob raws plab;
- flatulence;
- poob qab los;
- hlau saj hauv qhov ncauj;
- zoo mob plab.
Tsis tas li, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem yws txog kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, tachycardia, ua pob khaus thiab tev ntawm daim tawv nqaij, feem ntau nrog khaus.
Ib yam tshwm sim tsawg tab sis txaus ntshai yog lactic acidosis. Nrog lactic acidosis, lactic acid nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob yog qaug zog, tsaug zog, nce qaug zog, nce xeev siab, thiab ntuav.
siv cov tshuaj mus ntev yuav ua rau lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Yog tias koj pom tsawg kawg ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd, qhia nws tias koj tau noj Metformin ntsiav tshuaj. Pab thiab ua phem rau lub cevnyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tej zaum yuav tsis sib npaug, koj yuav tsis noj tshuaj thiab koj yuav tsum nrhiav lwm txoj kev kho los yog yuag poob.
CV
Metformin yog cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws rau ntshav qab zib hom 2. Metformin kuj tseem pab txo qhov hnyav, tab sis nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj no tsis yog panacea, nws yuav tsis hloov cov zaub mov uas tsis muaj carb thiab kev tawm dag zog. Kev kho Metformin yuav tsum tau nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm cov ntshav qabzib thiab kev tsis lees paub tus cwj pwm phem, suav nrog zaub mov. Yog tias koj xav kom poob phaus nrog nws, tsis txhob tso lub gym, noj txoj cai thiab tsis txhob hnov qab tias thawj qhov chaw no yog cov tshuaj loj, nws yog tsim los tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib, yog li koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo noj thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd. sab laj kws kho mob.
