Hemorrhagic me ntsis tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam pathologies. Tus kab mob no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm ntau hom, txhua tus muaj qee yam ntxwv. Tab sis yuav tsum yog li ntawd, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov txawv txav yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd uas yuav muab cov kev kho mob tsim nyog.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Cov tsos ntawm hemorrhagic me ntsis yog txuam nrog rupture ntawm capillaries, vim hais tias ib co ntawm cov qe ntshav liab raug tso tawm. Qhov pom ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nyob ntawm seb yog vim li cas provoked no tshwm sim. Cov pob khaus yuav zoo li dots, me ntsis, kab txaij. Cov xim ntawm cov pob liab liab kuj tuaj yeem sib txawv: liab, lilac, xiav, ntshav.
Nrog cov pob hemorrhagic, tsis muaj cov kua dej tawm - exudate. Raws li txoj cai, tus neeg raug tsim txom tsis muaj mob txawm tias lub sijhawm ntawm lub siab ntawm daim tawv nqaij puas. Thiab cov xim ntawm cov pob liab liab nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tsis hloov. Tab sis tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev tev tawm hnyav, tus neeg mob yuav ntsib lwm yam tsos mob tsis zoo ntawm tus kab mob - khaus khaus.
Muaj ib daim ntawv thib ob thiab thawj hom hemorrhagic me ntsis ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nyob rau hauv lub xeem version, cov pob khaus dhau los ua ib lub cim ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, nws yogkoom nrog pathology uas yog nrog.
Kev faib tawm
Ntxiv rau, cov pob hemorrhagic tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ntau hom. Muaj ob peb pawg ntawm pob khaus uas txawv ntawm qhov loj.
- Petechiae. Cov no yog oval me ntsis, ncav cuag ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm ob millimeters. Xws li cov pob khaus zoo li kab tom thiab tsis nce saum daim tawv nqaij kiag li. Muaj cov dots nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov chaw. Cov pob liab liab yog xim liab thaum xub thawj, tab sis tom qab ntawd maj mam hloov mus rau xim av.
- Paj liab. Cov pob no tuaj yeem ncav cuag ib centimeter hauv txoj kab uas hla. Kev sib cais ntawm cov pob liab liab tuaj yeem ua ke rau hauv ib qho chaw kho mob. Cov pob liab liab yog xim liab thiab liab. Qhov tshwm sim yog nrog los ntawm kub kub thiab khaus khaus.
- Ecchymosis. Xws li hemorrhages muaj qhov muag tsis pom kev. Qhov loj ntawm cov pob khaus tuaj yeem ncav cuag ob peb centimeters. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov pob tuaj yeem yog liab liab lossis dub thiab xiav.
Yog tias pathology nce sai thiab muaj kev kawm hnyav, ces cov nqaij mos necrosis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov pob liab liab tuaj yeem kis tau thiab ua rau tsis lees txais thaj chaw loj ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav ua rau gangrenous txheej txheem.
daim duab kho mob
Rau ntau yam laj thawj, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog tsim uas tso rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Kev hloov pauv ntev ntawm hom no ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory uas tsis yog tshwj xeeb. Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm qhov tshwm sim no, cov hlab ntsha poob lawv tus kheejelasticity, lawv tuaj yeem yooj yim puas, tom qab ntawd lawv tsuas tawg. Kev tso tawm ntawm erythrocytes thiab fibrinogens provokes tsim subcutaneous edema. Xws li daim duab kho mob yog yam ntxwv ntawm hemorrhagic me ntsis ntawm immunocomplex pathogenesis.
Thaum muaj kab mob sib kis hauv lub cev muaj qee yam kab mob uas tso tawm co toxins. Pathogenic microorganisms cuam tshuam rau capillaries, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv peripheral hemodynamics. Cov kev ua ntawm cov ntshav coagulation apparatus nce, uas provokes cov tsos ntawm me ntsis.
Ntse
Ib hom kab mob feem ntau yog vasculitis. Daim duab kho mob ntawm qhov tsis xws luag yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm erythematous hemorrhagic me ntsis, nce siab tshaj qib ntawm epithelium. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov hlwv me me thiab cov nodes tau pom, es tsis txhob ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov erosions nrog daim ntawv serous secretion dhau sijhawm. Thaum ziab, cov neoplasms tau npog nrog crusts.
Cov pob khaus kis feem ntau ntawm ob txhais ceg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm cov pob qij txha. Qee zaum, cov pob khaus yog nyob ntawm lub cev. Hauv qhov no, qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom, raws li txoj cai, tsis hloov. Visually, erythematous hemorrhagic me ntsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm daim duab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau sab nraud tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thiab tam sim ntawd pib kho. Feem ntau cov kab mob no muaj ib daim ntawv ntev, tsis tu ncua.
Yog vim li cas
Ib pob khaus hemorrhagic tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog thiab nyob rau hauvpoj niam, thiab nyob rau hauv txiv neej. Hauv cov neeg laus, cov pob khaus feem ntau nrog rau daim siab puas. Feem ntau, qhov tshwm sim pathological npog ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm ob txhais ceg, caj npab lossis nraub qaum. Txawm hais tias qhov txawv txav tuaj yeem kis thoob plaws lub cev. Qhov ua rau hemorrhagic me ntsis ntawm ob txhais ceg thiab lwm qhov hauv lub cev tuaj yeem yog:
- kev quav cawv;
- ntev raug tshuaj lom neeg;
- ntau yam kev puas tsuaj;
- kab mob, feem ntau yog kab mob siab;
- siv sijhawm ntev ntawm qee pawg tshuaj;
- noj tsis tu ncua ntawm cov rog, haus luam yeeb thiab kib;
- cov txheej txheem mob hauv lub cev;
- kab mob;
- kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob;
- ntev raug lub hnub lossis te;
- mob hnyav;
- mob khaub thuas hnyav;
- ua xua ntawm lub cev;
- genetic predisposition.
Thaum lub siab puas lawm, ib qho ntawm nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb cuam tshuam - txhawm rau txhawb cov ntshav txhaws. Thiab qhov tshwm sim no, nyob rau hauv lem, provokes cov tsos ntawm txawv me ntsis ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Raws li twb tau hais lawm, ib qho ntawm qhov ua rau muaj pob khaus hemorrhagic tuaj yeem yog cov caj ces predisposition. Ntawm cov kab mob uas yuav tshwm sim ntawm hom no, hemophilia feem ntau ua rau pob khaus.
Lwm yam yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej
Ntxiv rau, cov pob hemorrhagic tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv Wegener's pathology. Cov kab mob autoimmune no yoglocalized los yog generalized. Hauv thawj qhov sib txawv, qhov muag thiab ENT kab mob feem ntau raug rau cov kab mob pathology. Thiab nrog rau hom dav dav, cov hlab cua puas lawm, thiab cov pob khaus nws tus kheej ua rau ntawm ob txhais ceg.
cov pob txha hemorrhagic tuaj yeem kis tau. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm:
- meningitis;
- scarlet fever;
- tig tom.
Nws nyob deb ntawm ib txwm muaj peev xwm los txiav txim siab qhov ua rau muaj kab mob ua pob liab liab. Tab sis ua li ntawd, tsuas yog cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam thiab kho tus kab mob.
Symptoms
Cov duab ntawm hemorrhagic me ntsis ntawm ob txhais ceg thiab lwm qhov ntawm lub cev ua rau nws pom tau ntawm koj tus kheej lub qhov muag cov cim qhia ntawm xws li pathology. Thawj cov tsos mob ntawm qhov tsis xws luag yog me me hemorrhages uas zoo li me me bruises. Lawv tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov quav ntawm cov ceg, ko taw, xib teg thiab pob qij txha. Hauv qee lub sijhawm, cov pob khaus npog lub ntsej muag. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem kis thoob plaws lub cev.
Feem ntau, cov pob hemorrhagic tshwm ntawm ob txhais ceg, uas ua rau kev kuaj mob nyuaj dua. Tom qab tag nrho, xws li ib tug kos npe rau yog yam ntxwv ntawm ntau pathologies.
Lwm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev sib koom tes. Cov tsos mob no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob. Raws li txoj cai, qhov txhab npog pob qij txha los yog hauv caug pob qij txha. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg mob yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov mob syndrome uas tshwm sim tsis tu ncua. Hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, inflammatorytxheej txheem.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab ntawm cov pob hemorrhagic.
Pathology kuj muaj qhov mob hnyav hauv plab. Cov tsos mob zoo li no tuaj yeem nrog rau lwm yam tshwm sim:
- nausea;
- mob plab;
- ntua;
- nce lub cev kub.
Qee tus neeg mob tsim los ntshav sab hauv.
Txoj kev kos npe
Raws li qhov ua rau ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, nws cov tsos mob tuaj yeem sib txawv. Hauv cov kab mob meningitis, cov pob liab liab feem ntau yog stellate nrog thaj chaw ntawm necrosis hauv qhov chaw. Thaum tus zuam tom, cov pob liab liab yog profuse thiab nrog kub taub hau. Pom tau, cov kab mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntawm nws tus kheej los ntawm kev saib cov duab ntawm hemorrhagic me ntsis.
pob me me tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog tias daim siab puas lawm. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov pob khaus khaus tuaj yeem yog cov tsos mob ntawm hemorrhagic syndrome. Kab laug sab veins tuaj yeem tshwm rau saum lub cev. Tsis zoo li cov pob hemorrhagic, cov hemorrhages yuav ploj mus ib ntus yog tias daim tawv nqaij me ntsis nias los yog ncab.
Nrog rau qhov exacerbation ntawm pathology, ntshav yuav tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw puas. Thiab nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev zam txim, daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem tshem tawm.
Thaum muaj pob liab liab, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov chaw ntawm hom no qhia txog kev nthuav dav ntawm qhov tshwm sim.
Cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev kho mob
Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ntawm chav kawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob ntawm hemorrhagicCov duab ntawm tus kab mob yuav pab kuaj tus kheej, tab sis thaum kawg koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tsuas yog nrog kev pab ntawm kev kuaj sim.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho yog tshem tawm qhov ua rau ntawm pob, uas yog, thawj qhov kev mob tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm meningitis, ces nws cov kev kho mob yog nqa tawm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov.
Qhov tseeb, nws tsis yog qhov chaw hemorrhagic lawv tus kheej uas txaus ntshai, tab sis yog qhov ua rau ua rau lawv nce. Yog tias koj tsis txhawj xeeb txog kev kho mob raws sijhawm, tus neeg mob yuav ntsib ntau yam teeb meem sib txawv. Ntawm lawv yog cov los ntshav sab hauv, teeb meem hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv, daim siab, ob lub raum, thiab txawm gangrene.
kev kho mob
Rau qhov chaw hemorrhagic, kws kho mob feem ntau sau tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj hormones thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Yuav tsum tau kho cov kab mob tua kab mob kom tshem tau tus kab mob. Cov tshuaj tsim nyog raug xaiv nyob ntawm qhov rhiab heev rau cov kab mob.
- Kev kho tshuaj hormone yog xav tau los txo qhov mob. Corticosteroids, xws li Prednisone, feem ntau siv rau qhov no.
- Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj daim ntawv me me ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, ces kev siv cov tshuaj uas tsis yog-steroidal anti-inflammatory yog txaus. Ntawm lawv, feem ntau siv yog: Piroxicam, Diclofenac, Indomethacin.
- Immunosuppressive therapy pab txo qis cov txheej txheem autoimmune los ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov hlwb uas xav tau raukev tsim tawm ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Hom kev kho no tsuas yog siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas lwm txoj hauv kev tsis tau coj cov txiaj ntsig xav tau.
- Yog tias qhov pom ntawm pathology ua rau Wegener tus kab mob, tom qab ntawd txoj kev kho nyuaj raws li cov tshuaj cytostatic thiab glucocorticosteroids yog siv. Feem ntau, Prednisolone, Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate yog tshuaj.
- Anticoagulants kuj siv rau hauv kev kho mob. Feem ntau cov tshuaj "Heparin" txhaj tshuaj.
- Yog tus neeg mob yws khaus khaus, yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj tua kab mob, xws li Tavegil lossis Suprastin.
- Ntxiv rau, nrog cov pob hemorrhagic, koj yuav tsum tau ntxuav lub cev ntawm co toxins. Rau qhov no, sorbents yog siv, piv txwv li, Enterosgel, Laktofiltrum, activated carbon.
Yog tias tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm caj ces, tus neeg mob xav tau kev kho mob mus ntev. Txwv tsis pub, kev hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv lub cev.
Plasmapheresis
Lwm txoj kev kho mob rau cov pob hemorrhagic. Cov ntshav tau muab los ntawm tus neeg mob, uas yog tom qab ntawd lim tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb thiab rov qab mus rau txoj kev ncig.
Plasmapheresis ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom huv cov kua dej lom los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob autoimmune, tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj uas ua rau mob. Txoj kev kho no coj tau zoo, tab sis tau txais txiaj ntsig ib ntus.
