Tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau deficiency anemia yog muab rau tus neeg mob nkaus xwb yog tias nws muaj anemia lossis yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus mob no. Hauv cov neeg laus, cov tsos mob ntawm anemia tshwm sim yog tias lawv noj tsis txaus, thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation. Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj uas ua los ntawm cov ntsev hlau los yog hlau hydroxide. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau qhov tsis muaj hlau nyob hauv lub cev.
Tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau deficiency anemia yog tham txog ntau yam hauv qab no.
Ua rau ntshav ntshav rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus
Iron deficiency anemia tshwm sim rau ntau yam:
- feem ntau ua rau mob ntshav qab zib yog los ntshav ntev. Anemia tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm los ntshav hauv plab hnyuv yog tias tus neeg mob raug mob los ntawm qhov mob,muaj cov qog nqaij hlav, raug kev txom nyem los ntawm hemorrhoids, plab hnyuv diverticulosis, erosive gastritis. Ntshav qab zib hauv cov poj niam tau pom nrog endometriosis los ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws hnyav, nrog rau lub tsev menyuam los ntshav, nrog uterine myoma. Ntshav qab zib kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm qhov ntswg los yog pulmonary los ntshav, pyelonephritis, qog cov kab mob ntawm lub zais zis thiab ob lub raum, urolithiasis.
- Cov kab mob inflammatory. Yog hais tias lub hom phiaj ntawm kev mob ntev nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob lub cev, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlau deposition yog pom. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tau tsim. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, hlau nyob hauv lub depot thiab tsis muaj rau kev tsim hemoglobin.
- Tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau cov kab no thaum cev xeeb tub, tshwj xeeb yog pib txij li peb lub hlis thib ob, nrog rau thaum pub niam mis. Kev xav tau ntawm cov hlau ntau tshwm sim nrog kev tawm dag zog lub cev ntau dhau, thaum lub sij hawm loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus, nrog rau kev ua kis las.
- Impaired digestibility ntawm hlau. Ib qho xwm txheej zoo sib xws tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm qee qhov pathologies. Piv txwv li, nrog malabsorption syndrome, mob enteritis, plab hnyuv amyloidosis, yog hais tias ib tug resection ntawm txoj hnyuv me.
- Kev noj haus tsis raug. Noj cov zaub mov uas tsis muaj hlau yuav ua rau muaj kev mob ntshav qab zib. Feem ntau, qhov ua rau mob ntshav qab zib no tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam mos thiab menyuam yaus. Iron deficiency kuj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg tsis noj nqaij.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tsis muaj ntau tshaj 2 mg ntawm cov hlau tuaj yeem nqus tau hauv cov hnyuv ib hnub, txawm tias nws muaj pes tsawg.pom hauv zaub mov.
Nyob nruab hnub, ib tug txiv neej laus poob qhov nruab nrab ntawm 1 mg ntawm hlau nrog rau cov epithelium thiab plaub hau. Ib tug poj niam poob li ntawm 1.5 mg ntawm cov hlau thaum nws cev xeeb tub, yog tias nws yog qhov qub.
Yog li, nrog kev noj zaub mov kom zoo hauv cov txiv neej, tsis pub ntau tshaj 1 mg ntawm cov hlau nkag mus rau hauv lub depot, hauv cov poj niam - 0.5 mg. Nrog kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo lossis nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tus kab mob inflammatory, hlau yog tag nrho ntawm lub cev. Ib qho xwm txheej zoo sib xws tshwm sim yog tias tus poj niam cev xeeb tub hnyav. Yog tias tsis muaj hlau nyob rau hauv lub depot, anemia yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cuam tshuam ntawm provoking yam.
Thaum kuaj pom muaj hlau deficiency anemia, qhov tseeb ntawm tus mob yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev soj ntsuam kuaj mob. Thaum los ntshav tau nres thiab mob tau raug txheeb xyuas, cov tshuaj hauv qhov ncauj los kho cov ntshav tsis muaj hlau tsis txaus rau cov poj niam, txiv neej, thiab menyuam yaus yuav tsum pib ua kom cov qib hemoglobin normalizes.
Tom qab ntawd tus kws kho mob pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj kho mob rau ob peb lub hlis txhawm rau txhawm rau muab cov khoom ntxiv. Yog tias tus neeg mob tsis kam txais cov tshuaj no, noj ib nrab ntawm cov tshuaj uas pom zoo.
Cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog me nyuam raug pom zoo kom noj cov hlau ntxiv txhua lub hlis rau kev tiv thaiv. Kev nkag mus rau qhov no yog 7 hnub, thiab kwv yees li 200 mg ntawm cov hlau ntshiab ib hnub yuav tsum tau noj. Nrog rau qhov no, koj tuaj yeem sivvitamin complexes saturated nrog cov kab no.
Yuav ua li cas yog cov tshuaj los kho cov tsis muaj hlau tsis muaj ntshav liab?
Kev faib tawm
Yuav tshem tawm cov ntshav tsis txaus, cov kws tshaj lij tau sau cov tshuaj ntxiv hlau. Kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj yog nqa tawm mus rau hauv tus account lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, kuaj kuaj, microelement kam rau ua. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj kuj raug coj mus rau hauv tus account, vim tsis yog txhua tus neeg mob muaj peev xwm nyiaj txiag tib yam. Ntawm lwm yam, tus kws kho mob feem ntau muaj kev paub txog cov tshuaj twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
Yuav kom suav cov tshuaj kom raug, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau txiav txim siab seb hom hlau nyob hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg - divalent lossis trivalent.
Yog tias xav tau, cov tshuaj hauv ampoules tuaj yeem raug sau. Nws yog muab tshuaj intravenously los yog intramuscularly. Kev siv cov tshuaj no tsuas yog ua tau yog tias qhia. Txwv tsis pub, txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj tsis haum yog siab.
Tsis muaj teeb meem koj yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj ntshav liab hauv cov tshuaj, thiab ntau ntxiv, ua cov kev kho tsis raug cai. Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem xaiv cov tshuaj uas tsim nyog rau tus neeg mob tshwj xeeb, thiab nws tseem tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua kom muaj zog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm cov hlau ua rau lub cev lom lom heev.
Tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj ntshav liab hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj kom ceev faj, thiab lawv siv yuav tsumua raws li kev saib xyuas ze ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Kev npaj hlau tuaj yeem muab tshuaj rau niam txiv rau tus neeg mob anemic hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- Tus neeg mob muaj kev tsis haum rau qhov ncauj qhov ncauj npaj.
- Iron deficiency anemia hnyav heev.
- Yuav tsum tau ua kom lub cev muaj hlau nyob hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, piv txwv li, ua ntej phais rau hemorrhoids lossis fibroids.
- Thaum lub sij hawm exacerbation ntawm peptic ulcer, yog tias cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob pancreatitis, enteritis, kab mob celiac, ulcerative colitis raug pom. Cov kab mob no cuam tshuam kev nqus hlau, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj ntxiv.
- Thaum kev phais mob ntawm lub plab zom mov, nrog rau kev tshem tawm ntawm txoj hnyuv, lossis yog tias tshem tawm ib feem ntawm lub plab.
Tam sim no, kev lag luam tshuaj yog saturated nrog kev npaj hlau, muaj ntau yam tshuaj zoo sib xws uas muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws thiab sib txawv ntawm tus nqi. Cia peb saib cov tshuaj los kho cov tsos mob ntawm cov hlau deficiency anemia.
Aktiferin
Raws li ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj "Aktiferin" yog ferrous sulfate (hlau ntsev). Ua los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus "Aktiferin" nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tsiav tshuaj (tus nqi rau ib pob ntawm uas fluctuates nyob rau hauv lub theem ntawm 280 rubles), ib tug tov rau intravenous tshuaj (tus nqi pib ntawm 320 rubles ib pob) thiab syrup (tus nqi yog. los ntawm 250 rubles). Analogues ntawm cov tshuaj no muaj xws li "Ferrogradumet", "Heferol", "Ferrlecit", "Ferronal","Tardiferon", "Hemofer", "Totem". Tus nqi ntawm analogues txawv - los ntawm 100 mus rau 550 rubles.
Iron npaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau deficiency anemia tuaj yeem yuav ntawm txhua lub tsev muag tshuaj.
Hemohelper
Hemohelper muaj ferrous ntsev thiab ascorbic acid. Cov tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm capsules (tus nqi ntawm uas yog hais txog 600 rubles) thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tuav rau cov me nyuam nrog txawv saj (tus nqi pib los ntawm 300 rubles). Cov analogues ntawm cov tshuaj no suav nrog "Sorbifer Durules" thiab "Ferroplex", tus nqi yog nyob rau theem ntawm 300 rubles.
Daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj ntxiv rau kev kho cov hlau deficiency anemia tsis xaus rau ntawd.
Ferlatum
Qhov kev npaj no muaj ferric hlau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm succinate protein. "Ferlatum" yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau noj ntawm qhov ncauj. Lub pob muaj 20 vials, txhua qhov muaj 15 mg ntawm cov tshuaj. Tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj yog 900 rubles. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov tshuaj "Ferlatum Fall", uas muaj folic acid thiab ferric hlau. Nws tus nqi yog kwv yees li 700 rubles.
Tseem muaj lwm yam tshuaj los kho cov tsos mob ntawm cov hlau deficiency anemia.
M altofer
"M altofer" yog polym altose complex uas muaj ferric hlau. Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ampoules, ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj, tee. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj no yog los ntawm 250 rubles. Cov analogue yog cov tshuaj "Ferrum Lek" nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev dawsrau txhaj tshuaj, chewable ntsiav tshuaj, syrup. Tsis tas li ntawd, "Ferry", "Monofer" tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov analogues. Cov no yog cov tshuaj niaj hnub tshaj plaws rau kev kho cov hlau deficiency anemia.
Sucrose complexes rau kev txhaj tshuaj suav nrog Venofer (tus nqi los ntawm 2,700 rubles), Likferr (tus nqi ntawm 2,500 rubles), Argeferr (tus nqi ntawm 4,500 rubles). Rau dextran complexes - "Dextrafer" thiab "Cosmofer" (tus nqi nruab nrab - 2700 rubles).
Cov tshuaj twg zoo dua rau kev kho mob tsis muaj hlau tsis muaj ntshav liab yog qhov nyuaj rau txiav txim siab.
Fenules
Cov tshuaj no yog ib qho nyuaj uas suav nrog cov vitamins C, B, PP thiab ferrous sulfate. "Fenyuls" yog siv rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj zog, nrog hypovitaminosis ntawm pab pawg B. "Fenyuls" tsis yog siv rau cov menyuam yaus, tab sis tuaj yeem siv, yog tias tsim nyog, thaum cev xeeb tub. Ib pob ntawm cov tshuaj muaj 10 tsiav tshuaj, tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm ib pob yog 200 rubles.
Tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib tsis muaj hlau hauv cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau xaiv kom zoo.
Y"Hematogen"
Yog tias nws yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj hlau hauv cov menyuam yaus, tus kws kho mob yuav qhia "Hematogen". Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov ntshav ntawm nyuj, uas yog pre-defibrated thiab purified, raws li zoo raws li auxiliary Cheebtsam uas tso cai rau koj mus ntxiv tsw. "Hematogen" muaj ferrous hlau, as-ham, nrog rau cov complex ntawm macroelements thiab microelements. Cov tshuaj no siv tau rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 xyoos.
Yog tias tsim nyog los kho cov tsis muaj hlau nyob hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos,siv tshuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tee.
ferrous ntsev
Ferrous ntsev suav nrog cov tshuaj xws li fumarate, sulfate, chloride, thiab ferrous gluconate. Cov tsos mob ntawm anemia thaum tus neeg mob siv ferrous hlau tsis muaj zog maj mam, thiab ces ploj tag. Cov mob ntawm fainting, tsis muaj zog, kiv taub hau thiab tachycardia ploj. Laboratory parameters kuj normalized nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov ntshav. Cov tshuaj "Aktiferin" muaj, ntxiv rau ferrous hlau, alpha-amino acid serine, uas txhawb kev nqus hlau. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tuaj yeem txo qhov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj noj, ntsig txog, qhov tshuaj lom thaum lub sijhawm kho tau txo qis.
Kev npaj uas muaj ob yam tshuaj no ib zaug yog qhov ua tau zoo, vim tias ascorbic acid txhim kho kev nqus hlau.
Yuav ua li cas lwm yam tshuaj yog siv los kho cov hlau deficiency anemia rau cov neeg laus?
Iron protein succinylate
Muaj cov hlau tsis sib xws thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semi-synthetic. Thaum tus neeg nqa khoom dissolves hauv duodenum, hlau raug tso tawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev nqus tau zoo dua qub, thiab lub plab hnyuv tau tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov tsis zoo.
Ferlatum protein belongs rau kev npaj raws li succinylate. Muaj raws li kev daws teeb meem, yuav tsum tau noj qhov ncauj.
Ferric hydroxide
Cov tshuaj no suav nrog polym altose, dextran thiab sucrose complexes.
Polym altosecov complexes khaws lawv stability nyob rau hauv lub digestive ib ntsuj av. Yog li ntawd, kev nqus los ntawm cov mucous membrane yuav siv sij hawm ntev dua piv rau ferrous hlau. Hauv cov qauv, nws zoo ib yam li ua tau rau ferritin, yog li ntawd, lom lub cev thaum siv cov tshuaj, tsis zoo li ferrous ntsev, yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua. Cov complexes tsis muaj cov nyhuv prooxidant, lawv tsis raug tso tawm los ntawm ob lub raum tom qab txhaj tshuaj lossis intramuscular tswj.
Polym altose complexes, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, muaj ntau qhov zoo:
- Cov tshuaj lom tsawg, ua rau lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb. Txawm hais tias tus neeg mob tau koob tshuaj ntau dhau lawm, kev tshuaj lom tsis tau pom.
- Ua tau zoo, tiv taus zoo, tsis cuam tshuam nrog zaub mov. Yog li ntawd, muaj kev phiv tsawg dua piv rau cov ntsev hlau.
- Thaum noj qhov ncauj, lub complex tsis cuam tshuam nrog zaub mov. Yog li, kev noj zaub mov tsis yog nyob ntawm cov zaub mov lossis kev noj haus. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau haus kom yooj yim.
- Kev kho lub sijhawm ntev nrog kev npaj ferric hydroxide tsis ua rau cov hniav enamel, ib yam li cov ntsev hlau.
Tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib mellitus hauv cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kws kho mob, thiab tsuas yog qhia.
Vitamin complexes nrog hlau
Ntau zaus, cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus tau txais cov tshuaj vitamin complexes uas muaj hlau. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txais tos yog nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Vitamins nrog hlauPiv txwv li, lawv tuaj yeem siv los ua ib txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv micronutrient deficiency hauv cov poj niam, vim lawv feem ntau ntsib kev poob ntshav.
Yog tias tus poj niam tau kuaj pom tus kab mob no, tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj tshiab no hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau deficiency anemia xws li Sorbifer Durules, kuj ntxiv rau ascorbic acid, thiab Tardiferon. Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub feem ntau raug tshuaj "Fenules" thiab "Gestalis".
Contraindications rau noj
Iron nplua tshuaj tsis pom zoo rau cov neeg mob:
- Nrog ntau hom kab mob leukemia.
- Kev txom nyem los ntawm aplastic thiab hemolytic anemia.
- Nrog cov mob ntev ntawm daim siab thiab lub raum.
- noj tshuaj antacids, calcium ntxiv thiab tetracyclines.
- Cov neeg uas noj ntau cov zaub mov uas muaj caffeine, fiber ntau thiab calcium.
Cov npe tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau deficiency anemia yog hloov kho tas li. Tab sis koj yuav tsum paub txog cov kev mob tshwm sim.
Kev mob tshwm sim thaum noj
Kev npaj cov hlau hauv qhov ncauj tuaj yeem ua rau mob plab hnyuv hauv daim ntawv ntawm cem quav, flatulence, tsis qab los noj mov, mob plab, ntuav, raws plab, xeev siab. Ntxiv mus, tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj kiag li tsis cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo - tag nrho cov tshuaj nrog ferrous hlau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum muab tshuaj rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.
EasyestCov neeg mob zam kev siv polym altozad hlau hydroxide. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv qhov no yog halved.
Ntxiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv plab, kev ua xua tuaj yeem tshwm sim - khaus thiab pob khaus.
Hlau uas tsis nqus los ntawm lub cev yog tawm hauv cov quav, yog li nws yog qhov qub rau nws tsaus.
Thaum siv cov tshuaj npaj hlau npaj rau kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha lossis cov leeg nqaij, kiv taub hau, tsis muaj zog ntawm tus neeg mob, mob taub hau, mob pob qij txha, cov leeg, thiab rov qab tuaj yeem pom. Tej zaum yuav muaj xim hlau saj hauv lub qhov ncauj. Tsis suav nrog xeev siab, ntuav, mob plab, tachycardia, lub ntsej muag tawm, thiab hypotension tsis suav nrog. Ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj, tuaj yeem pom qhov liab thiab o me ntsis ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Tsis tshua muaj neeg kub taub hau, kev loj hlob ntawm lymphadenopathy, kev loj hlob ntawm anaphylactic shock kuj tau sau tseg.
Iron Overdose
Kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm kev npaj hlau tshwm sim nws tus kheej ib yam li cov kev mob tshwm sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj cov tsos mob ntawm hyperventilation. Yog tias pom cov tsos mob ntawm kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau ua lub plab zom mov, ua rau ntuav, haus cov qe nyoos thiab mis nyuj. Tom qab ntawd, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev kho mob.
Yog tias muaj kev noj ntau dhau nrog kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha lossis kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular, cov hlau hnyav hnyav tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev teem caij, xaiv cov tshuaj uas muaj hlau, koob tshuaj yuav tsumxaiv tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj koom, leej twg yuav coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov ua rau ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm anemia, tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev, nws susceptibility rau ib yam tshuaj, hom thiab rationality ntawm nws cov khoom noj.
Yog tias cov tsos mob ntawm anemia tsis ploj nrog kev ntxiv hlau, yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab qhov tseeb hauv qab no:
- Tus neeg mob yuav tsis tau noj tshuaj lossis tsis ua raws li cov lus pom zoo.
- Tus neeg mob tej zaum yuav muaj cov hlau malabsorption.
- Anemia tej zaum yuav muaj qhov sib txawv.
Peb tau tshuaj xyuas kev faib cov tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov hlau deficiency anemia.
