Melanoform nevus: kev faib tawm, yam ntxwv, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Melanoform nevus: kev faib tawm, yam ntxwv, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob
Melanoform nevus: kev faib tawm, yam ntxwv, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Melanoform nevus: kev faib tawm, yam ntxwv, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Melanoform nevus: kev faib tawm, yam ntxwv, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob
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Anonim

Melanoform nevus yog dab tsi? Tsis muaj coob tus neeg paub cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no. Txawm hais tias qee tus neeg tseem paub txog qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.

melanoform tsis
melanoform tsis

Yuav ua li cas melanoform nevus zoo li, hom kev tsim no muaj nyob, lawv kuaj thiab kho li cas, peb yuav qhia hauv qab no.

Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb

Melanoform nevi tau txais (thaum lub neej) lossis cov moles congenital. Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob, xws li formations feem ntau hu ua ib tug benign qog. Txawm hais tias qee zaum, cov moles no tseem tuaj yeem tsim mus rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav malignant.

Congenital melanoform nevus feem ntau loj hlob qeeb (thaum lub sijhawm kev loj hlob ntawm tib neeg lub cev). Tau mus txog qhov loj me, xws li moles khov.

yam ntxwv dav dav

Melanoform nevi yog benign neoplasms uas tsim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm pathological txawv txav thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm fetal. Txawm hais tias qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug yog feem ntau congenital, lawv dhau los ua pom ntawm tib neeg lub cev tsuas yog thaum loj hlob tuaj.

Ntawm lub cev ntawm cov menyuam mos thiab menyuam mos xws limuaj xyaum tsis muaj moles. Tsuas yog 4-10% ntawm tag nrho cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem muaj hnub nyoog me me. Nrog lub hnub nyoog, xws li neoplasms tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tshwm sim, tab sis kuj ploj ntawm lawv tus kheej. Piv txwv li, yog tias tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 25 xyoos muaj txog 40 moles, ces thaum muaj hnub nyoog 30 ces tsuas muaj 15-20 ntawm lawv.

Nws kuj yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thaum laus (txog 80 xyoo) yeej tsis muaj nevi ntawm lub cev.

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov cim yug tuaj yeem nce ntxiv thaum muaj hnub nyoog 18-25. Lawv qhov loj me tuaj yeem hloov pauv.

melanoform tsis
melanoform tsis

Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias qhov muaj ntau ntawm cov moles ntawm lub cev yog qhov qhia tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm melanoma. Hauv qhov no, cov neoplasms yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog ua tib zoo.

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Melanoform nevus yog ib qho tsim los ntawm cov hlwb hloov pauv melanocyte, lossis hu ua nevocytes. Tam sim no, cov nram qab no hom moles yog txawv:

  • Tsis yog-cellular ciam teb. Qhov no yog qhov chaw yooj yim, tsis nce, tab sis me ntsis protruding saum npoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Xws li ib tug nevus muaj xim xim av thiab meej contours.
  • Intradermal melanoform nevus. Qhov no yog hom yug tshaj plaws. Kev sib sau ntawm cov xim pigment yog nyob rau hauv lub thickness ntawm nruab nrab txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas yog, nyob rau hauv lub dermis.
  • Cov xim tsis zoo. Xws li ib tug nevus nce saum daim tawv nqaij. Tej zaum nws yuav muaj xim sib txawv. Feem ntau coarse plaub hau loj tuaj rau nws.
  • Intradermal. Qhov no yog ib tug mole protruding saum toj nonto ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab muaj ib tug uneven, bumpy nto. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog 12 txog 30.
  • Blue. Xws li ib qho chaw muaj xim xim vim qhov tseeb tias nws cuam tshuam nrog cov deposits ntawm melanin nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij. Blue nevi yog ruaj rau kov thiab tsa me ntsis saum daim tawv nqaij.
  • Basal. Nov yog hom mole uas muaj xim tawv nqaij.
  • Nevus ntawm Ota feem ntau nyob ntawm lub ntsej muag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm " qias neeg ".
  • Seton's nevus yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tawv nqaij tawv nqaij thaum muaj cov tawv nqaij ncig nws uas tsis muaj xim.
  • melanoform nevus ntawm lub cev
    melanoform nevus ntawm lub cev
  • Nevus Nws zoo ib yam li Nevus Ota, tab sis nyob hauv qab pob txha caj dab, hauv lub xub pwg hniav, ntawm lub hauv siab lossis caj dab.
  • Papillomatous nevus loj, nyob tom qab ntawm caj dab lossis ntawm lub taub hau. Feem ntau, cov plaub hau loj tuaj.
  • Becker's nevus tshwm sim hauv cov tub hluas hnub nyoog 11-15. Tau mus txog 20 cm.
  • Linear nevus tshwm sim thaum yug los thiab yog ib pawg ntawm cov nodules me me uas nyob ntawm lub cev hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov saw.

Melanoform nevus: ICD 10

Lub 10 Kev Kho Mob Thoob Ntiaj Teb Kev faib tawm ntawm Kab Mob yog siv los ua tus thawj coj hauv kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv hais, tus kab mob hauv nqe lus nug muaj tus lej - D22. Qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob no hauv qhov kev faib tawm no yog raws li hauv qab no:

  1. Nevus lips.
  2. Melanoform nevus ntawm daim tawv muag, suav nrog kev cog lus ntawm daim tawv muag.
  3. Nevus ntawm pob ntseg thiab sab nraud pob ntseg kwj dej.
  4. Nevus, tsis qhia meej thiabLwm qhov chaw ntawm lub ntsej muag.
  5. caj dab thiab tawv taub hau.
  6. Melanoform nevus ntawm lub cev.
  7. Ntsuag Ntsuag, nrog rau thaj tsam ntawm lub xub pwg nyom.
  8. Nevus ntawm lub ceg qis, suav nrog thaj tsam ntawm lub duav.
  9. Melanoform nevus, tsis qhia meej.
melanoform nevus, tsis hais
melanoform nevus, tsis hais

Tus kws kho mob ua haujlwm

Tus kws kho mob uas kuaj tus kab mob hauv nqe lus nug ntsib ntau txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb:

  • Kho kom raug hom mole thiab txiav txim siab qhov ua tau ntawm nws txoj kev kho.
  • Pom (nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm) pib ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim ntawm malignant degeneration.
  • Qhia cov lus qhia rau lwm txoj kev kuaj mob (yog tias tsim nyog).

kuaj mob

Kev kuaj tus neeg mob nrog lub cim yug pib nrog kev sib tham thiab kuaj. Thaum lub sijhawm xam phaj, tus kws kho mob tsim cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb xws li lub sijhawm ntawm cov tsos ntawm mole (txij li thaum yug los lossis hnub nyoog), nws tus cwj pwm dhau los (piv txwv li, nws puas tau hloov xim, nws puas loj tuaj, thiab lwm yam)., kev kuaj mob yav dhau los thiab kev kho mob.

Tom qab nug tus neeg mob, nws qhov kev kuaj mob ua raws. Tus kws kho mob soj ntsuam qhov loj, cov duab thiab qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw, muaj cov plaub hau ntawm nws thiab lwm yam nta. Tom qab ntawd nws ua qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug thiab sau tshuaj kho mob.

Yog tias tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob ua tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntxiv. Rau qhov no, swabs yog muab los ntawm mole. Cov lus qhia rau txoj kev tshawb fawb no yog: los ntshav, tawg ntawm qhov chaw yug.

intradermalmelanoform tsis
intradermalmelanoform tsis

Kev smear los ntawm nevus muaj qhov tsis zoo. Hauv cov txheej txheem, microtrauma tuaj yeem tshwm sim, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob malignant. Hauv qhov no, qhov kev tshawb fawb no tsuas yog ua hauv cov chaw kho mob tshwj xeeb oncological xwb.

Lwm txoj kev kuaj mob

Txoj kev kuaj mob zoo tshaj plaws yog fluorescent microscopy. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov mole tau tshuaj xyuas nyob rau hauv lub tshuab kuaj kab mob, txoj cai ntawm tib neeg lub cev.

Fluorescent microscopy yog txoj kev nyab xeeb, raug thiab tsis mob. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua lub tsev kho mob muaj cov cuab yeej siv rau kev siv.

Tsis tas li, kev kuaj mob hauv computer yog siv los kawm txog qhov yug. Ua tsaug rau cov txheej txheem no, ib daim duab nevus tau txais, uas yog nrawm piv nrog cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem tsim kho qhov kev kuaj mob sai sai, thiab tom qab ntawd sau tshuaj kho.

Lab kuaj mob

Txoj kev no yog siv los tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm degeneration ntawm lub birthmark rau melanoma. Yog hais tias nws dhau los ua malignant, ces cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb hu ua qog markers tshwm nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob cov ntshav. Kev kuaj pom ntawm qhov no tso cai rau koj los kuaj xyuas kom raug thiab sau cov kev kho mob tsim nyog.

melanoform nevus ntawm daim tawv muag nrog rau commissure ntawm daim tawv muag
melanoform nevus ntawm daim tawv muag nrog rau commissure ntawm daim tawv muag

Kev xaiv txoj kev kho mob

Hnub no muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los kho cov hnub nyoog me ntsis. Lawv tuaj yeem raug phais lossis kho nrog lwm txoj hauv kev.

Kev xaiv kev kho mob tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev xav ntawm tus kheejneeg mob. Nws cov lus pov thawj yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob, suav nrog cov ntsiab lus xws li:

  • Peculiarities ntawm pigment me ntsis (kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev hloov mus rau melanoma, ntau yam, qhov ntau thiab tsawg).
  • Muaj cov khoom tsim nyog.

Txoj kev phais

Kev tshem tawm ntawm lub nevus (siv lub scalpel) yog cov txheej txheem ntau tshaj plaws, vim nws tsis tas yuav siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.

Qhov kev tawm tsam no tau qhia txog kev cuam tshuam rau moles uas loj. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

  • raws li txoj cai, tus kws phais yuav tsum tshem tawm tsis yog tsuas yog cov xim pigment xwb, tab sis kuj yog qhov sib koom ua ke uas nyob ib puag ncig nws (kwv yees li 3-5 cm ib ncig);
  • tom qab tshem tawm mole, nti thiab nti feem ntau nyob;
  • nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus, qhov kev tsim no yuav luag ib txwm tshem tawm raws li kev siv tshuaj loog.

Nws kuj yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv qee kis loj heev uas tsis yog-dermal moles yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm piecemeal. Cov kws kho mob tsis tshua pom zoo rau txoj kev no, vim qhov seem ntawm qhov chaw muaj peev xwm loj hlob los yog degenerate mus rau hauv ib tug malignant neoplasm.

melanoform nevus mcb 10
melanoform nevus mcb 10

Lwm txoj kev tshem tawm

Ntxiv rau qhov kev txiav tawm ntawm lub nevus nrog scalpel, cov hauv qab no yog siv hauv cov chaw kho mob niaj hnub no:

  • Cryodestruction (qhov no yog khov ntawm mole).
  • Electrocoagulation (siab kub ua haujlwm).
  • Laser kho.

Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tsis tau hais tias rau kev txiav tawm ntawm cov cim yug ntau zaussiv radiosurgery. Lawv cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug tshwj xeeb ntaus ntawv - ib tug surgitron - generates ib tug beam ntawm hluav taws xob (radioactive), uas yog concentrated nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub pathological tsom xam thiab tshem tawm nws, tsis ua mob rau cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig.

Pom zoo: