Barbiturates yog cov tshuaj uas yog derivatives ntawm barbituric acid, uas muaj kev nyuaj siab rau hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb. Lawv muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau noj lawv hauv koob tshuaj thiab raws li kws kho mob qhia.
Barbiturate lom tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo. Thiab tam sim no peb yuav tham txog dab tsi cov tsos mob qhia tias muaj kev noj ntau dhau, yuav ua li cas rau qhov xwm txheej zoo li no thiab kev kho mob ntxiv yog dab tsi.
Drug list
Ua ntej tham txog kev lom barbiturate, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum sau qee cov tshuaj nrov uas koom nrog pawg no. Txij li thaum nws yog precisely vim hais tias ntawm lawv cov kev noj ntau dhau uas overdose tshwm sim. Cov npe yog:
- Luminal.
- Amutal.
- Librium.
- YButizol.
- Alyurat.
- Seconal.
- Reposal.
- "Flurazepam hydrochloride".
- Terazine.
- Barbamil.
- Valium.
- Phenobarbital.
- Lotuzat.
- Zoo kawg.
- YChloral Hydrate.
- "Nizatrepam".
- Triazolam.
- Talbutal.
- "Flunitrazepam".
- "Brevital".
Tau kawg, qhov no tsuas yog ib daim ntawv teev npe me me ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj nyob hauv pab pawg no. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov tshuaj sib txawv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm raug. Qee qhov ua tau 5-15 feeb (lawv tau siv los ua kom tus neeg mob siab ua ntej qhia tshuaj loog), lwm tus - txog 6 teev.
Yuav ua li cas overdose tshwm sim?
Feem ntau, qhov ua rau muaj kev lom barbiturate yog ib qho ntawm ob yam - xws li kev sim tua tus kheej lossis kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau.
Tom qab tus neeg sawv cev nkag mus rau hauv lub cev hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb, nrog rau lub paj hlwb, yog inhibited. Ib tug neeg tsis nco qab, ua tsis taus pa cuam tshuam, coma tuaj yeem tsim. Mob, tactile thiab tendon reflexes kuj ploj mus.
Cov tshuaj lom ua rau txo qis hauv cov hlab ntsha, nrog rau kev ua tsis zoo ntawm kev cog lus.
Hemodynamic ntshawv siab
Barbiturate lom ua rau lawv ua ntej. Nov yog qhov tshwm sim raws li qhov tshwm sim:
- Txo qis hauv lub plawv tso zis.
- Txo cov ntshav thiab ntshav siab.
- Qu ntshav ntim.
- Tissue hypoxia.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tuag tes tuag taw ntawm qhov chaw ua pa thiab vasomotor pib tsim. Yog tias tsis muaj kev pab raws sij hawm rau ib tug neeg, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tuag muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm mob plawv thiab ua pa.ua tsis tiav.
Vim yog ua txhaum ntawm hemodynamics, kuj tseem muaj kev ua tsis tiav hauv cov metabolism. Thaum tshav kub kub dissipation nce, lub cev kub txo. Txawm hais tias, yog tias mob barbiturate lom tshwm sim hauv tus menyuam, nws, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yuav ua npaws. Yog vim li cas yog ib tug pronounced hypoxia ntawm lub subcortical chaw ntawm lub hlwb.
Ntxiv rau qhov saum toj no, kev noj ntau dhau ntawm barbiturates ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv cov kab mob hypothalamic-pituitary. Yog li ntawd, diuresis txo qis, anuria tsim, thiab cov nitrogen muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav kuj nce.
Puag theem
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kom tau txais kev tshwj tseg tias daim duab kho mob ntawm kev lom muaj ntau theem. Thawj yog theem pw tsaug zog. Cov cim qhia ntawm barbiturate lom yog raws li nram no:
- Ataxia.
- Apathy.
- Muscle tsis muaj zog.
- Zoo siab.
- hais lus tsis meej.
- Nyob salivation.
- Pupillary constriction (teb rau lub teeb persists).
Reflex muaj nyob rau theem no, thiab tseem tsis muaj kev mob plawv thiab ua pa.
Yuav ua li cas?
Pom cov cim saum toj no ntawm kev lom barbiturate, kev saib xyuas xwm txheej ceev yuav tsum tau muab tam sim. Vim hais tias nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov theem tom ntej, uas yuav tau tham tom qab, ib tug neeg yuav faus. Thiab yuav tsum muaj kev pab thaum tus neeg tseem nco qab.
Koj yuav tsum hu lub tsheb thauj neeg mob ua ntej. Tom qab ntawd - yaug lub plab. Tus neeg raug tsim txom yuav tsum haus txog li ib liter ntawm dej sov hauv ib gulp. Tom qab ntawd nws yog nias rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm tus nplaig, yog li ua rau ntuav. Tag nrho cov kua cawv yuav tsum tawm hauv plab nrog rau cov tshuaj uas tsis muaj sij hawm kom nqus tau tag nrho.
Tom qab ntawd tus neeg yuav tsum haus cov dej ncua ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Haum "Filtrum STI" lossis "Smekta", nrog rau lwm yam sorbent.
Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum muab tus neeg tso pw, nco ntsoov npog nrog daim pam thiab muab tshuaj yej sov sov.
Yog tias tus neeg raug tsim txom tsis nco qab thaum pw tsaug zog, txwv tsis pub ntxuav lub plab. Thaum hu lub tsheb thauj neeg mob, nws yuav tsum tau pw ntawm nws sab hauv txaj, tseem npog nrog daim pam. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv cov neeg kho tshuab asphyxia, uas tuaj yeem ua rau ntuav lossis tshem tawm ntawm tus nplaig.
Stage of superficial coma
Hmoov tsis zoo, yog tias nws los, ces nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los muab kev saib xyuas xwm txheej ceev rau barbiturate lom. Nws tseem nyob tos cov kws kho mob. Tus neeg mob tsis nco qab, nws poob rau hauv kev pw tsaug zog, cov menyuam kawm ntawv constrict. Corneal, tendon thiab pupillary reflexes kuj tsis muaj zog.
Needle txhav yog muaj nyob rau theem no. Pathological reflexes ntawm Babinsky thiab Rossolimo yuav tshwm sim. Qhov zaus ntawm kev ua pa ntawm txoj kev ua pa tsawg zuj zus, daim tawv nqaij thiab cov mucous daim nyias nyias ua bluish.
Pulse ua ntu zus, ntshav siab kuj tseem hloov pauv, tab sis tsis ntau - nws tseem nyob hauv qhov qub.
Deep coma stage
Nws tsim tau yog tias cov tsos mob ntawm kev lombarbiturates tsis quav ntsej, thiab tus txiv neej tsis tau txais kev pab thawj zaug. Hauv qhov no, qhov tshwm sim hauv qab no tshwm sim:
- Kev hloov pauv.
- Bradycardia.
- mob cyanosis ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab mucous daim nyias nyias.
- Ntxhais nqaij tawv.
- Ntxawm poob hauv qhov kub thiab txias.
- Ntse constriction ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv, ua raws li dilation thaum lub sij hawm hypoxia.
- Hypotension.
- Tsis muaj zog, qeeb, ua pa nqus.
Post-comatose period
Cov theem tau piav qhia saum toj no tuaj yeem siv sijhawm li ob peb teev mus rau ob peb hnub. Thaum muab kev kho mob, ib tug neeg tawm ntawm coma. Tab sis rau ib lub sij hawm ntev (nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev npaum li cas nyob ntawm qhov kev qaug cawv), muaj cov tsos mob hnyav. Ntawm lawv:
- Kev sib koom tes ntawm kev txav tsis zoo.
- Ptosis ntawm daim tawv muag.
- Diplopia.
- Kev xav tsis thoob.
- Eye Convergence.
- Nytagmus.
- motor ntxhov siab.
- Kev puas hlwb puas hlwb.
- Kev xav tsis thoob.
Yog tias tsis muaj kev pab raws sijhawm, tom qab lub sijhawm tom qab tsis nco qab, cov teeb meem yuav pib tshwm sim. Kev puas siab puas ntsws, bronchopneumonia, bedsores, pulmonary thiab cerebral edema, mechanical asphyxia feem ntau tsim.
Kev kho mob
Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb tau tsim. Barbiturate lom muaj ntau qhov tshwm sim, thiab yog li kev kho mob yog nqa tawmcomplex.
Yam yuav tsum tau ua - kev kho infusion thiab tshem tawm cov co toxins los ntawm cov kab mob genitourinary. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv cov tshuaj insulin, sodium bicarbonate, ascorbic acid thiab qabzib.
Koj kuj yuav tsum txo qis hypoxia. Rau qhov no, siv tshuaj xws li Mexidol, Piracetam thiab Vinpocetine.
Yog tias ib tus neeg muaj kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, caffeine raug muab rau nws. Ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob hauv qhov no kuj tuaj yeem ua tus tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tsaug zog.
Txoj tshuaj twg yuav raug xaiv nyob ntawm cov tshuaj uas ua rau tus neeg mob. Yog li, piv txwv li, nrog kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm Diazepam, Naloxone yog siv. Yog tias tus neeg raug tsim txom raug tshuaj lom los ntawm Cyclobarbital lossis Phenobarbital, nws tau qhia Bemegrid.
Thaum o ntawm lub paj hlwb tshwm sim, tus neeg mob tau muab cov ntshav plasma, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tshuaj diuretics. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg los ntawm lub raum. Tseem yuav tsum noj cov vitamins kom txhim kho cov metabolism thiab txo qis hypoxia.
Lub sijhawm rov qab los
Rau qee lub sijhawm tom qab tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim thawj zaug, tus neeg yuav tsis muaj zog ntxiv. Nws raug nquahu kom coj txoj kev ua neej tsis muaj zog, tsis txhob ua rau koj tus kheej ua rau lub cev thiab lub siab xav. Kev taug kev txhua hnub hauv huab cua ntshiab yuav pab tau.
Nws tseem pom zoo kom ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj ob lub raum thiab daim siab. Nws yuav pab tau siv dej ntxhia, tshuaj ntsuab decoctions, infusions thiab teas.
Zoo thiab sawv hips - koj yuav tsum ncuav 2-3 tbsp. l. qhuav berries nrog boiling dej (300 ml), boil, hws, thiab cestxias cia. Tom qab lim dej, koj tuaj yeem haus, nws raug tso cai ntxiv me ntsis qab zib. Haus dej tshuaj yej txhua hnub yuav pab ntxuav lub raum.
Reviews
Cov neeg uas tau siv cov tshuaj barbiturate feem ntau tawm lus tsis zoo txog cov tshuaj no.
Siv Phenobarbital, piv txwv. Cov neeg uas tau noj nws rau kev qaug dab peg hais tias muaj kev phiv tshwm sim txawm tias siv cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj. Tsis muaj zog, kiv taub hau, apathy, ntshav siab - qhov no tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm qhov tshwm sim. Txawm tias thaum cov neeg mob tsis noj cov tshuaj, kev puas hlwb tseem nyob rau ob peb lub lis piam.
Tib neeg kuj tsis txaus siab rau lwm yam tshuaj nrog barbiturates. Ntau tus nco txog kev txhim kho lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm tus mob hauv thawj hnub ntawm kev nkag, tab sis tom qab ntawd cov nyhuv ploj mus. Excitability nce, teeb meem pw tsaug zog tshwm, convulsions "sib sib zog nqus". Feem ntau, tsis yog txhua tus pom zoo kom daws lawv cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj no.
Tseem ceeb kom paub
Ntau tau hais saum toj no txog kev lom barbiturate. Kev kho mob ntawm lub xeev tom qab tsis nco qab yuav siv zog ntau, lub sijhawm thiab kev noj qab haus huv, thiab yog li ntawd, thaum noj cov tshuaj no, peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov: kev siv ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab tsaug zog sai, tab sis kom tsaug zog mus ib txhis.
Qhov tseeb, barbiturates tsis tshua siv niaj hnub no. Vim tias kev siv tshuaj hauv pab pawg no muaj peev xwmua rau microsomal induction nyob rau hauv daim siab. Cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav hnyav, vim tias qhov kev tswj tsis tau tshwm sim sai.
Tau kawg, kev siv barbiturates yog contraindicated rau cov neeg laus, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov menyuam yaus, nrog rau cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem loj hauv plab hnyuv, kab mob plawv, ob lub raum, siab, thiab lwm yam. Vim tias cov kev mob tshwm sim yog inhibition. ntawm myocardial contraction. Rau qee tus neeg, qhov kev ua no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus, thiab tsis muaj kev kho mob rau barbiturate lom yuav pab tau.
Nws kuj tsis tuaj yeem hais tias cov nyiaj no yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj zog. Lawv raug coj los ntawm cov neeg quav yeeb quav tshuaj. Tshaj qhov koob tshuaj ua rau lub xeev ntawm euphoria, nco txog kev haus cawv. Cov neeg "sab" ntawm xws li txhais tau tias tuag sai. Lawv tsis txawm muaj sij hawm los tsim cirrhosis ntawm daim siab - qhov tshwm sim tam sim ntawd ntawm kev tsim txom ntawm cov tshuaj no. Qhov no yog vim li cas barbiturates raug txwv hauv ntau lub tebchaws.
