Rau cov neeg feem coob, lo lus "migraine" yog txuam nrog mob taub hau heev. Txawm li cas los xij, ob peb tus neeg paub tias qee hom kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev tsis pom kev. Hom kab mob no hu ua ophthalmic migraine lossis atrial scotoma. Neurologists tsis paub qhov txawv nws yog ib yam kab mob. Qhov no tsuas yog ib daim ntawv ntawm migraine ib txwm muaj, uas tshwm sim tsis tau tsuas yog nrog mob taub hau, tab sis kuj nrog kev cuam tshuam qhov muag. Spots (scotomas) tshwm sim ua ntej lub qhov muag, npog thaj tsam ntawm kev pom, ci ntsa iab, cov duab luminous. Tom ntej no, peb yuav saib xyuas qhov ua rau thiab kev kho mob ophthalmic migraine.
Mechanism of disease progression
Nyob hauv qab ntawm lub hlwb yog qhov pom kev tsom xam. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nkag siab qhov tseeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb ib puag ncig los ntawm qhov muag. Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam tsis zoo, ib ntus circulatory disorder nyob rau hauv lub analyzer cheeb tsam yuav dhau mus. nwsua rau pom kev cuam tshuam. Cov kev ua txhaum cai no ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm cov kab mob ophthalmic migraine.
Feem ntau, cov neeg mob koom nrog qhov pom ntawm qhov muag ua ntej qhov muag nrog teeb meem tsis pom kev. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov ua rau ntawm lub pathology nyob rau hauv lub neurological teeb meem. Tsis muaj ophthalmic pathologies nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no.
Txhob Cia Siab
Dab tsi tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntshav tsis zoo hauv qhov pom ntawm lub hlwb? Cov hauv qab no ua rau ophthalmic migraine tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:
- npau suav phem;
- overwork;
- oxygen deficiency;
- hormonal ntshawv siab;
- vascular pathologies ntawm lub hlwb;
- haus thiab haus luam yeeb;
- kev tawm dag zog ntau dhau;
- kev nyuaj siab;
- frequent climate change;
- noj qee yam tshuaj;
- tsim txom kas fes thiab chocolate;
- flickering teeb pom kev zoo thiab muaj ntxhiab tsw hauv tsev.
Ntawm cov kws kho mob, muaj kev xav tias qhov pathology no tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev tshawb fawb tsis tau lees paub qhov no.
Risk group
Ophthalmic migraine muaj ntau dua rau cov poj niam dua li txiv neej. Pathology feem ntau pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog hluas - los ntawm 20 mus rau 40 xyoo. Cov neeg laus tsis tshua muaj tus kab mob no.
Daim ntawv mob migraine no tshwm sim rau cov ntxhais hluas. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias kev hloov pauv hormonal tshwm sim hauv lub cev thaum lub sijhawm puberty, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub paj hlwb.
Ocular migraine tawm tsam feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Qhov no tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv hormonal hauv lub cev.
kab mob daim ntawv
Cia peb xav txog yuav ua li cas qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm cov kab mob migraine ib txwm dhau mus, tshwm sim nrog mob taub hau. Muaj ntau theem hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob:
- Prodromal period. Muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb uas ua ntej qhov kev tawm tsam.
- Headache. Nov yog theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawm tsam, nrog rau qhov mob hnyav heev.
- Lub sijhawm rov qab los. Qhov mob maj mam ploj mus, thiab tus neeg txoj kev noj qab haus huv tau rov qab los.
Nyob rau hauv qee cov neeg mob, qhov muag tsis pom kev tshwm sim ua ntej mob taub hau. Txwv tsis pub lawv hu ua auras. Hauv qhov no, cov kws kho mob tham txog ophthalmic migraine.
Pom aura tuaj yeem ntws nrog qhov sib txawv. Hauv qhov no, muaj ntau hom mob ocular migraine:
- retinal;
- ophthalmoplegic;
- basilar.
Tom ntej no, peb yuav ua tib zoo saib cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ophthalmic migraine, nyob ntawm seb tus kab mob no.
Symptomatics
Kev tawm tsam ntawm qhov muag migraine tshwm sim hauv ntau theem. Txhua lub sijhawm muaj nws qhov kev tshwm sim tshwj xeeb.
Thaum muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm ophthalmic migraine nrog auras, cov tsos mob hauv qab no tau sau tseg:
- Prodromal period. Ib tug neeg xav tias nkees heev thiab tsaug zog, feem ntau yawns. Muaj kev ntshaw thiab xav tau zaub mov qab zib. Muaj qhov nro hauv cov leeg ntawm lub nraub qaum ntawm lub taub hau. Ib tug neeg yog khaus los ntawm lub teeb ci thiab suab. Lub sijhawm no siv sijhawm li 1 teev mus rau ib hnub.
- Visual aura. Flickering ci ntsa iab thiab me ntsis tshwm sim ua ntej ob lub qhov muag. Cov chaw sib cais poob tawm ntawm qhov pom, mus txog rau kev txhim kho ntawm qhov muag tsis pom ib ntus. Ib tug neeg perceives khoom nyob rau hauv ib tug distorted daim ntawv. Kev pom kev cuam tshuam ib txwm tshwm sim hauv ob lub qhov muag. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus neeg txhais tes mus loog thiab hais lus ua slurred. Qhov pom kev aura kav li ntawm 5 feeb mus rau 1 teev.
- Headache. Lub sijhawm no tuaj yeem kav ntev txog 24 teev. Ib tug neeg muaj excruciating mob nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm lub taub hau. Kev txais tos ntawm analgesics tsis txo qhov tsis xis nyob. Qhov mob hnyav zuj zus los ntawm lub teeb ci, suab, pungent tsw, feem ntau nrog xeev siab thiab ntuav. Muaj kev qaug zog thiab qaug zog, tab sis mob taub hau ua rau koj tsaug zog.
- The final stage. Mob taub hau maj mam txo. Tus neeg ntawd xav tias qaug zog thiab tsaug zog sai. Kev nyem los. Lub sijhawm rov qab tuaj yeem siv sijhawm li ob peb teev mus rau ob peb hnub.
Cia peb xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov pom kev aura nyob rau hauv ntau hom ocular migraine.
Ib tus tsos mob ntawm ophthalmic migraine nyob rau hauv daim ntawv retinal yog qhov tsos ntawm ib qho chaw flickering (scotoma) nyob rau hauv qhov kev pom. Qee zaum cov kab zigzag pom hauv nws qhov chaw. Nws tuaj yeem ua xim lossis tsis muaj xim thiab tuaj yeem ua ntau yam duab thiab ntau thiab tsawg. Vim li no, qee qhov chaw poob tawm ntawm qhov kev pom. Lub aura siv sijhawm li 15-20 feeb. Hauv qhov no, muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav muab rau lub retina, uas yogthim rov qab.
Yog tias qhov kev tawm tsam tshwm sim hauv qhov tsaus ntuj, ces cov teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov duab tshwm nyob rau hauv qhov pom. Lawv hu ua phosphenes. Kev mob taub hau feem ntau tshwm sim hauv lub hauv pliaj thiab qhov muag qhov muag. Tom qab qhov kev tawm tsam xaus, lub zeem muag thiab cov ntshav xa mus rau retina tau rov qab los tag nrho.
Ophthalmoplegic daim ntawv ntawm ocular migraine yog lwm yam hu ua Mobius' kab mob. Thaum lub sij hawm aura, tsis tsuas yog cov tsos ntawm me ntsis nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm lub zeem muag, tab sis kuj lub drooping ntawm daim tawv muag, ob lub qhov muag, thiab strabismus. Cov menyuam kawm ntawv tau nthuav dav heev, tsis hais lub teeb pom kev hauv chav. Muaj tuag tes tuag taw ntawm qhov muag cov leeg. Tus kab mob no muaj ntau dua rau cov menyuam yaus.
Daim ntawv basilar tau sau tseg feem ntau hauv cov ntxhais hluas. Thaum lub sij hawm aura, muaj flashes ua ntej lub qhov muag thiab qhov muag tsis pom kev loj heev. Cov khoom loj yog pom los ntawm cov neeg mob me me. Lub sij hawm luv luv pom kev pom kev zoo siab tuaj yeem ua tau. Nws zoo li cov neeg mob tias cov khoom nyob ib puag ncig hloov cov duab thiab xim.
Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub
Raws li twb tau hais lawm, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yog qhov ua rau mob migraine ntau heev. Atrial scotoma feem ntau tau sau tseg hauv thawj peb lub hlis twg. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov theem ntawm cev xeeb tub muaj ib tug sai restructuring ntawm lub cev.
Feem ntau, tom qab lub hlis thib peb ntawm cev xeeb tub, tag nrho cov tsos mob ntawm ophthalmic migraine ploj ntawm lawv tus kheej. Muaj tsawg zaus, cov kev tshwm sim no tshwm sim nyob rau hnub tom qab. Lub complexity ntawm kev kho mob nyob rau hauv lub fact tias nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no cov poj niam yog contraindicatedfeem ntau cov tshuaj. Yog tias ocular migraine mob me thiab xyaum tsis thab tus neeg mob, ces kev kho mob tsis raug sau tseg. Thaum muaj mob hnyav, tus kws kho mob xaiv cov tshuaj maj mam.
Kev nyuaj siab
Qhov mob migraine txaus ntshai npaum li cas? Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv siab heev, tus kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tsis zoo:
- Kev qaug dab peg tuaj yeem ua tau ntev thiab kav ntev li ob peb lub lis piam.
- Qhov tsis pom kev zoo ntawm lub zeem muag yuav raug txo qis.
- Kev tawm tsam ntev ntawm ophthalmic migraine tuaj yeem ua rau tsaus muag lossis qaug dab peg.
- Qhov muag yuav dhau los ua qhov pom kev ci ntsa iab.
- Cov teeb meem txaus ntshai tshaj plaws ntawm tus kab mob yog mob stroke thiab vascular aneurysm. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo li no tshwm sim nrog kev mob hnyav hauv lub hlwb.
Nws tuaj yeem xaus tias tus kab mob no nyob deb ntawm qhov tsis muaj mob. Yog tias qhov kev tawm tsam tau rov ua dua, ces koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob. Cov kws kho mob kuaj tus kab mob no yog tias ib tus neeg tau muaj tsawg kawg tsib ntu ntawm mob taub hau migraine.
Kev Pab Cuam
Yuav ua li cas pab koj tus kheej thaum lub sij hawm ophthalmic migraine nres? Cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no yuav pab txo tus mob:
- Yog tias lub teeb nyob hauv chav, ces nws yuav tsum muab tua. Suab stimuli kuj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
- Koj yuav tsum tau pw, so kom txaus thiab nyob ntsiag to ib pliag. Yog ua tau, koj yuav tsum sim pw.
- Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau zaws lub taub hau thiab caj dab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau ntseeg los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij xwb. Inept massage tuaj yeem ua rau tus mob hnyav dua.
- Koj tuaj yeem rub lub whiskey nrog mint roj lossis Star Balm.
- Zoo haus tshuaj yej dub nrog qab zib.
Thaum thawj 2 teev ntawm kev tawm tsam, cov tshuaj hauv qab no yuav pab tau:
- "Validol" lossis "Nitroglycerin". Koj yuav tsum muab ib ntsiav tshuaj rau hauv qab tus nplaig. Qhov no yuav pab nthuav cov hlab ntsha thiab normalize ntshav ncig.
- "Amyl nitrite". 3-4 tee ntawm cov tshuaj yog siv rau ib lub paj rwb swab thiab sniffed rau li 20 feeb. Cov tshuaj no kuj ua rau vasodilating nyhuv.
- "Rizatriptan" lossis "Relpax". Cov no yog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb tsim los daws cov mob migraine hnyav.
- "Ibuprofen" lossis "Paracetamol". Painkillers pab nrog migraine tawm tsam me ntsis. Nrog rau qhov mob hnyav, lawv tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
Tom qab kev tawm tsam dhau lawm, nws tseem ceeb heev kom da dej nrog kev npaj cov koob ntoo thuv lossis cov roj tseem ceeb.
Diagnosis
txhawm rau kuaj mob ophthalmic migraine, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob hlwb. Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog kws kho qhov muag kom tsis suav nrog qhov pom ntawm qhov muag pathology.
Migraine yuav tsum sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob ntawm retina. Rau lub hom phiaj no, cov kev ntsuam xyuas hauv qab no raug sau tseg:
- external qhov muag;
- ophthalmoscopy;
- txiav txim siab ntawm qhov pom kev;
- kev ntsuas qhov pom kev pom;
- fundus exam;
- kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov lus teb ntawm cov menyuam yaus rau lub teeb pom kev.
Yog tias tus neeg mob tsis muaj cov kab mob ophthalmic, ces tus kws kho mob neuropathologist tau sau ntawv MRI lossis CT scan ntawm cov hlab ntsha hlwb. Qhov no yuav pab txheeb xyuas cov kab mob cerebral circulatory disorders.
txoj kev kho
Kev kho mob ophthalmic migraine yog txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam. Txoj kev kho yog tiv thaiv.
Tshuaj kho mob hlwb kom zoo:
- "Cavinton".
- "Stugeron".
- "Nootropil".
- "Phenibut".
Tus nootropic Phenibut tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhia rau kev ntxhov siab ntsig txog migraines. Nws tsis tsuas yog normalizes cerebral ncig, tab sis kuj muaj ib tug me ntsis calming nyhuv.
Pom zoo noj thiab lwm yam sedatives. Nrog rau daim ntawv me me ntawm tus kab mob, tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj raws li valerian, motherwort, hawthorn yog sau. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav dua, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas siab puas ntsws tau muab.
Papazol thiab Eufillin yog tshuaj rau vasodilatation. Nrog rau qhov muag qaug zog, rau prophylactic lub hom phiaj, tee nrog cov vitamins yog qhia: "Taurine", "Riboflavin", "Taufon"
Tam sim no dav siv txoj kev kho lub cev rau kev kho mob ophthalmic migraine:
- Bernard tam sim no ntawm caj dab thiab ob lub qhov muag;
- cuam tshuam los ntawm cov dej ntws sinusoidal;
- electrophoresis nrognovocaine thiab papaverine;
- Pine da dej;
- mud daim ntaub ntawv ntawm lub dab tshos.
Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom cov neeg mob rov xav txog lawv txoj kev ua neej. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv tsis tau pw tsaug zog thiab ua hauj lwm ntau dhau, tsis txhob tawm dag zog ntau dhau, txiav luam yeeb thiab cawv.
Huab cua
Kev ntsuas tus kab mob yog qhov zoo. Tus kab mob no tsis txaus ntshai rau lub neej thiab muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg mob. Txawm li cas los xij, ocular migraine tshwm sim nrog kev mob hnyav ntawm lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem vascular loj. Yog li, cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tsis tu ncua los ntawm kws kho mob hlwb thiab tus kws kho qhov muag.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Txhawm rau zam qhov mob migraine tawm tsam, cov neeg mob yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia no:
- Tsis txhob ua haujlwm ntau dhau thiab pw tsaug zog zoo.
- Ua kom nquag plias, tawm sab nraud ntau zaus.
- Tsis suav nrog kev noj haus cawv, cheese, txiv lws suav, chocolate, mis nyuj. Cov khoom no muaj cov amino acid tyramine, uas yog contraindicated nyob rau hauv migraine.
- Tsis txhob tsim txom cov dej qab zib thiab khoom noj.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom khaws ib daim ntawv teev npe tshwj xeeb, qhov twg los kho qhov kev tawm tsam thiab cov xwm txheej ua ntej lawv tshwm sim. Qhov no yuav pab txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej los nag thiab zam rau yav tom ntej.
- Nws raug pom zoo kom ua raws li kev kho lub cev ib ntus: kev zaws, kho kom zoo nkauj, balneotherapy.
- Tsis txhob ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab lub cev ntau dhau.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj mob ocular migraine yuav tsum nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob - kws kho mob hlwb thiab kws kho qhov muag. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tsis tu ncua kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub hlwb. Qhov no yuav pab kom tsis txhob kis kab mob thiab muaj teeb meem.
