Intramural fibroids: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob, lub sijhawm rov zoo

Cov txheej txheem:

Intramural fibroids: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob, lub sijhawm rov zoo
Intramural fibroids: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob, lub sijhawm rov zoo

Video: Intramural fibroids: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob, lub sijhawm rov zoo

Video: Intramural fibroids: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob, lub sijhawm rov zoo
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Myoma, lossis leiomyoma, yog ib qho qog nqaij hlav ntawm cov nqaij mos ntawm lub tsev menyuam, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev degeneration ntawm cov leeg nqaij pob txha mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Txawm hais tias muaj cov txheej txheem tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm kev kuaj mob ntxov, kev phais tshem tawm ntawm neoplasm tseem yog ib txoj hauv kev kho ntau tshaj plaws tam sim no.

Kev sib kis ntawm pathology

Nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov kab mob gynecological, intramural fibroids thiab lwm yam benign neoplasms nyob rau hauv lub uterine kab noj hniav yog qhov thib ob. Hauv lub hnub nyoog yug me nyuam, qhov tshwm sim ntawm pathology yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 15-20% ntawm cov neeg mob, thiab nyob rau lub sijhawm premenopausal nws nce mus txog 30-35%. Vim tias tsis ntev los no tau nce ntau ntawm "kev txhoj puab heev" gynecological thiab obstetric kev kho mob, nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm qhov zoo ntawm kev kuaj mob, muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov neeg mob hnub nyoog qis dua 30 xyoo nrog cov kab mob no.

Intramural uterine fibroids kev kho mob
Intramural uterine fibroids kev kho mob

siabkev kawm feem ntau tshwm sim maj mam, feem ntau tshaj tsib xyoos. Qee zaum, muaj cov qog loj zuj zus, thiab nyob rau hauv ib xyoos lossis sai dua, nws nce los ntawm tus nqi sib npaug rau tsib lub lis piam ntawm cev xeeb tub. Cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm cov qog hauv lub lis piam ntawm cev xeeb tub.

Intramural uterine fibroids tuaj yeem ua rau muaj menyuam tsis taus, nchuav menyuam, ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab, hnyav uterine los ntshav, yug ntxov ntxov, kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem thiab ntau yam teeb meem hauv kev yug menyuam thiab lub sijhawm tomqab yug menyuam.

Kev phais yog qhia rau qhov loj ntawm neoplasm, sib haum rau kaum plaub lub lis piam ntawm cev xeeb tub, hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, kev kho mob radical tsis raug cai. Cov txheej txheem no yog ua raws li cov kev cai ib txwm pom tias lub cev ua haujlwm tsuas yog kev ua me nyuam xwb, thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub cev.

Qhov kev xav no yog qhov yuam kev, txij li qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm fibroid rau hauv cov qog qog nqaij hlav yog xyaum tsis tuaj. Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam, ib tug poj niam poob lub cev xeeb tub thiab kev coj khaub ncaws, thaum ntau tus neeg mob ntsib kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab vegetovascular ntshawv siab.

Txoj kev kho mob, nrog rau kev siv tshuaj tsawg kawg nkaus thiab tsis cuam tshuam txoj kev kho thaum ntxov ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob, tuaj yeem nres qog kev loj hlob, ua rau rov ua dua thiab tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub. Muaj tseeb, cov lus nug ntawm kev siv cov kev saib xyuas kev kho mob ntawm intramural uterine fibroids tseem ua raukev sib tham hauv zej zog kho mob.

intramural myoma cov tsos mob
intramural myoma cov tsos mob

hom kab mob uterine fibroids

Muaj ntau hom neoplasm nyob ntawm thaj chaw:

  1. Subserous fibroids tsim nyob rau sab nraud ntawm lub cev thiab nce mus rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav. Raws li txoj cai, hom qog no tsis ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev coj khaub ncaws lossis tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua rau qee qhov tsis yooj yim, txij li cov qog ua rau ntawm lub cev thiab cov nqaij mos.
  2. Intramural uterine fibroids (intramuscular) yog nyob rau hauv cov leeg nqaij thiab ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv qhov loj ntawm lub cev. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau hom pathology. Nrog intramural fibroids, kev coj khaub ncaws yog cuam tshuam, mob thiab siab tshwm sim hauv cheeb tsam pelvic.
  3. Interstitial, lossis intermuscular, nyob hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Lub cev nce sib npaug, qee cov neeg mob yws ntawm qhov hnyav los ntshav. Kev mob tshwm sim tsuas yog nrog kev nce ceev ntawm qhov loj ntawm neoplasm, o lossis necrosis. Intermuscular fibroids muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov kabmob uas nyob sib ze, uas yog lub qhov quav thiab zais zis.
  4. Submucosal fibroids (submucosal) loj hlob nyob rau hauv txheej ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias uas envelops lub cev kab noj hniav. Ua rau exacerbation ntawm cov tsos mob hnyav ntawm pathology.
  5. Cervical fibroids yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov leeg nqaij txheej ntawm lub cev sib xws. Hom kab mob no tau kuaj pom hauv 5% ntawm cov neeg mob nkaus xwb.

Fibroids tuaj yeem ua ib leeg lossis ntau yam. Feem ntau ob peb nodesnyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev, uas ua rau kev kuaj mob, piv txwv li, submucosal intramural fibroids los yog lwm yam sib xyaw ntawm pathology. Hauv qhov no, kev kho mob feem ntau nyuaj los ntawm qhov tsis meej ntawm daim duab kho mob. Piv txwv li, nrog subserous-intramural uterine myoma, kev coj khaub ncaws yog cuam tshuam, uas yog ib qho ntawm intramural, tab sis tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim nrog subserous pathology, tab sis tib lub sij hawm, lub siab yog exerted rau ib ncig ntawm lub cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg.

intramural fibroid node
intramural fibroid node

Caus of leiomyoma

Muaj ntau qhov kev xav txog qhov ua rau ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev ntawm uterine fibroids. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias neoplasm tsis yog qog, tab sis qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm myometrium. Yog li, fibroids tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev sib tshuam ntawm cov leeg nqaij - nws yog cov chaw no uas yog hu ua thaj chaw muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm dystrophic. Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam tsis zoo, hypoxia tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov cheeb tsam no, uas ua rau cov leeg nqaij sib faib thiab loj hlob tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj hormones deev.

Tsis tas li ntawd, kev loj hlob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov leeg nqaij ib txwm vim raug cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob thiab kev sib deev steroids. Qhov no yog ua tau nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub no tseem tsis tau tsim cov kab mob molecular uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv.

Cov leeg nqaij mos tuaj yeem khaws cov kev xav loj hlob los ntawm lub sijhawm embryonic. Lawv dhau mus ntevlub sij hawm loj hlob - los ntawm kaum plaub mus rau peb caug lub lis piam ntawm cev xeeb tub. Cov fibers nyob rau lub sijhawm no tau hloov pauv tau yooj yim nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam ua rau lwm tus los yog leej niam (piv txwv li, kev sib deev steroids, tropic hormones thiab kev loj hlob). Mutated cells pib tsim tom qab thawj zaug kev coj khaub ncaws raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm estrogens. Tam sim no, qhov kev xav ntawm fibroids no yog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws.

subserous intramural uterine myoma
subserous intramural uterine myoma

Txhob Cia Siab

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev pheej hmoo uas ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev ntawm cov uterine fibroids thiab benign neoplasms ntawm qhov sib txawv:

  1. Txoj kev tsis zoo. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm pathology hauv cov poj niam uas nws cov txheeb ze ze tshaj plaws raug kev txom nyem los ntawm tib tus kab mob yog siab dua.
  2. Tsis muaj menyuam. Kev nce tus naj npawb ntawm kev xeeb tub puv sij hawm txo qhov kev pheej hmoo. Hauv cov poj niam uas muaj peb lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub - los ntawm 50-90%.
  3. Ntau dhau thiab ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev rog rog tom qab puberty yog qhov txaus ntshai heev.
  4. Kev mob ntshav siab ua ntej hnub nyoog 35 thiab noj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntshav siab tau tsib xyoos.
  5. Kev ntxhov siab ntau zaus thiab kev ntxhov siab ntev ntev.
  6. Kev rho menyuam cev xeeb tub, tshwj xeeb yog kev phais. Kev kuaj mob ntau zaus thiab kho kho cov kab mob uterine.
kev kho mob ntawm intramural fibroids
kev kho mob ntawm intramural fibroids

Mechanism ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm pathology

Uterine fibroids tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm lub zostxo qis elasticity ntawm cov phab ntsa vascular, uas ua rau cov ntshav ntws mus rau hauv cov ntshav thiab cov pob txha ntawm cov poov tshuaj ions. Raws li lwm version, neoplasm tshwm sim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm estrogens ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tuag ntawm tes. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, lwm cov txheej txheem sib cuam tshuam tau tsim:

  1. Nyob rau hauv qhov rhiab heev ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg cuam tshuam los ntawm cov tshuaj hormones ntawm lub cev xeeb tub.
  2. Hloov cov tshuaj hormones uas cuam tshuam rau cov leeg nqaij.
  3. Hloov pauv hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab hauv thaj chaw qog.

theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm uterine fibroids

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm intramural fibroids thiab lwm yam gynecological pathologies ntawm ib tug zoo xws li cov xwm, tab sis ntawm ib tug txawv localization, muaj peb theem:

  1. Tsim kom muaj thaj chaw loj hlob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha me me. Xws li thaj chaw muaj kev pheej hmoo yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic siab, permeability ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov ntaub so ntswg.
  2. Cov qog txawv ntawm daim ntawv me me nodule. Lub neoplasm muaj cov fibers uas paub meej tias tsis paub qhov txawv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nyob sib ze.
  3. Kev kawm txhais tau tias yog qhov sib sib zog nqus nrog thaj tsam meej. Lub capsule yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib puag ncig. Cov node txawv ntawm ib txwm fibers nyob rau hauv nws loj loj, ceev ntawm nuclei, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov leeg nqaij fibers nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm.
intramural uterine fibroids nyob rau hauv cov poj niam
intramural uterine fibroids nyob rau hauv cov poj niam

Cov tsos mob

Nyob rau hauv yuav luag 50% ntawm cov poj niam, tus kab mob no tshwm sim tsis muaj tshwm sim thiab raug kuaj los ntawm lub caij nyoog thaum lub pelvic ultrasound los yog niaj hnub kuaj los ntawm gynecologist. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsos mob tshwm sim tuaj yeemyuav varied:

  1. Mob ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab qhov xwm txheej hauv plab plab. Nyob rau hauv ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg mob, qhov mob yog mob los yog rub, uas yog txuam nrog lub siab ntawm lub plexus ntawm paj fibers thiab stretching ntawm lub peritoneum. Yog hais tias cov qog loj hlob sai, cov kev xav yuav khaus. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm necrosis, qhov mob tuaj yeem nrog ua npaws, ntuav thiab tsis muaj zog.
  2. Ntshav tawm sab nraud, lub sijhawm ntev lossis hnyav dhau. Ntshav poob ua rau mob taub hau, tsis muaj zog, hloov pauv hauv lub plawv cov leeg, anemia, qaug zog.
  3. Pelvic dysfunction. Cov tsos mob yog tshwm sim los ntawm nquag nquag tso zis, cem quav.
  4. Muaj qhov hnyav hauv plab plab.
  5. Kev muaj menyuam tsis taus (tshwj xeeb hauv 30% ntawm cov poj niam uas muaj uterine fibroids) lossis nchuav menyuam.

Txoj kev kho tus kab mob

Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev yog txo rau peb lub tswv yim tseem ceeb: kev cia siab, kev kho kom zoo, kev phais. Txawm hais tias muaj tus kab mob kis thoob qhov txhia chaw, lub algorithm rau kev tswj cov neeg mob tseem tsis tau tsim, ntau nyob ntawm tus kws kho mob.

submucosal intramural myoma
submucosal intramural myoma

Txoj kev xav tau

Txoj kev no haum rau cov neeg mob tsawg. Cov pab pawg no suav nrog cov poj niam uas tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm pathology, thiab qhov loj ntawm cov qog sib haum rau 10-12 lub lis piam ntawm cev xeeb tub, tsev neeg twb muaj menyuam, thiab cev xeeb tub tsis tau npaj rau yav tom ntej. Cov neeg mob yuav tsum nyob hauv qabsaib xyuas siv ultrasound thiab saib xyuas cov ntshav ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav.

Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom cov neeg mob tsis txhob nqa qhov hnyav ntau dua 3 kg, hnyav lub cev tawm dag zog, da dej sov, zaws plab, qhwv lub cev, lub hnub ntev ntev thiab mus ntsib solarium, xaiv tus kheej ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev yug menyuam, siv cov tswv yim kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub plab thiab cov txheej txheem physiotherapy ntawm thaj chaw pelvic.

kev kho mob

Kev saib xyuas kev kho mob suav nrog kev noj tshuaj hormonal, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj analogues ntawm GnRH thiab hypothalamic hormone. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lawv cov kev siv, cov synthesis ntawm estrogen thiab progesterone txo qis, thiab qhov ntim ntawm cov qog tuaj yeem txo mus txog 55%, ntxiv rau, qhov mob thiab los ntshav nres. Tab sis cov tshuaj zoo li no, txawm tias siv luv luv, muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim: hais tawm cov kab mob vascular, hnov mob kub, xeev siab, thiab txo qis hauv pob txha ceev.

intramural uterine fibroids nyob rau hauv cov poj niam
intramural uterine fibroids nyob rau hauv cov poj niam

YActive Fibroids Therapy

Cov kev tawm dag zog muaj feem cuam tshuam tsawg kawg nkaus thiab cov txheej txheem phais. Kev xaiv cov hlab ntsha embolization yog siv, qhov ua tau zoo yog li 98.5%. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas, intramural myoma tom qab qhov kev kuaj mob no rov tshwm sim hauv 40% ntawm cov neeg mob. Kev phais yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob rau 80% ntawm cov neeg mob. Kev phais phais yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv nyob rau hauv complex mob, piv txwv li, nrog subserous-intramural myoma.

Indications rau kev phais

Txhobcontraindications rau kev cuam tshuam yog:

  1. Qhov loj ntawm cov qog yog ntau tshaj 14 lub lis piam cev xeeb tub.
  2. Txhua yam kev ua tiav tom qab yug menyuam lossis kev loj hlob sai rau xyoo kev yug menyuam.
  3. Localization ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam.
  4. Long menses with profuse blood poob.
  5. Node necrosis.
  6. Infertility yog tias nws tshwm sim los ntawm fibroids.
  7. Cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm neoplasm ntawm lub plab pelvic.

Kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev thiab ntim ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus poj niam, muaj cov kab mob sib kis, kev npaj cev xeeb tub yav tom ntej.

Pom zoo: