Foxglove is a genus of flowering plant that are used as a tshuaj rau mob plawv.
Lub zog cardiotropic ntawm lub paj no tau paub ntev. Nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, nws pib loj hlob nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv apothecary vaj, thiab txij li thaum 1775, thaum cov hauj lwm ntawm tus kws kho mob British Whithering tau luam tawm, cov kev npaj digitalis tau ruaj khov coj lawv qhov chaw hauv kev xyaum kho mob plawv.
Botanical yam ntxwv ntawm foxglove
Genus Digitalis (Digitalis) - perennial flowering nroj tsuag ntawm Plantain tsev neeg nrog loj inflorescences ntawm thimble-zoo li paj thiab fragile wrinkled nplooj. Lawv tawg nyob rau hauv nruab nrab lub caij ntuj sov (kawg ntawm lub rau hli ntuj-Lub Xya hli ntuj), cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ovoid bivalve thawv nrog me me xim av noob. Tag nrho ntawm 36 hom digitalis tau piav qhia, uas tsuas yog 5 hom siv rau kev kho mob: woolly digitalis (qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv raw), ntshav, ciliated, loj-flowered thiab rusty.
Thaum pib, kev npaj ntawm woolly foxglove yog ib qho kev rho tawm los ntawm nplooj ntawm thawj xyoo thiab thib ob. Tam sim no, digitalis glycoside cov tshuaj npaj tau los ntawm qhov chaw huab cua ntawm cov nroj tsuag, mowed ua ntej flowering.
Txhua cov hnab looj tes yog tshuaj lom, uas qhia tau hais tias muaj ntau ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg thiab yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tuav.
Tshuaj Cheebtsam thiab kev siv ntawm foxglove
Foxglove cov tshuaj suav nrog nws cov tshuaj tseem ceeb - plawv glycosides: digitoxin, gitoxin, digoxin, acetyldigoxin thiab ntau lwm tus, nrog rau cov organic acids, saponins, flavonoids.
Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag yog cov hauv paus chiv keeb hydrolytic, uas yog, tau los ntawm enzymatic cleavage ntawm ntuj glycoside molecules.
Foxglove npaj yog siv los kho ntau yam kab mob plawv, feem ntau cuam tshuam txog kev mob plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha:
- Lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm thiab ntau yam kab mob ntawm cov kab mob plawv (xws li kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas).
- Valvular heart disease ua rau decompensation.
- Atrial fibrillation.
- mob thiab degeneration ntawm lub plawv cov leeg.
- Paroxysmal tachycardia hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.
- Npaj rau kev phais plawv.
Yog tias ua txhaum txoj cai ntawm lub plawv (blockades) thiab bradycardia, digitalis glycosides tsis raug sau tseg.
Cov tshuaj ua haujlwm li casfoxglove glycoside
Glycosides cais tawm ntawm foxglove tshuaj ntsuab tshwj xeeb cuam tshuam rau lub plawv cov leeg. Hauv lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm digitalis yuav ua raws li hauv qab no:
- txo qis lub plawv dhia;
- nce zog ntawm myocardial contraction;
- ncua sij hawm so ntawm lub plawv (diastole).
Digitalis kev npaj tseem siv tau zoo hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov hlab ntshav tsis ua haujlwm, thaum lub plawv tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog kev txav ntawm cov ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha, uas cuam tshuam los ntawm edema thiab mob trophic. Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj glycoside yuav tsum:
- nce hauv lub plawv tso zis (cov ntshav tawm hauv lub ventricles ib contraction);
- ntau dua ventricular khoob thaum lub sij hawm systole;
- txo qis hauv qhov ntim ntawm cov ntshav ncig hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab, vim li ntawd, txo qhov o;
- normalization ntawm lub plawv dhia nrog tachycardia;
- nrawm ntshav ntws hauv lub txaj vascular;
- nce vascular tone, uas yog nrog los ntawm cov ntshav siab me ntsis.
Foxglove toxicity tuaj yeem ua rau tsis xav tau kev mob tshwm sim: kev mob plab hnyuv, lub paj hlwb, kev hloov hauv lub plawv dhia. Kev siv cov tshuaj no tsis raug tso cai, kev kho mob tsuas yog xaiv los ntawm kws kho mob, suav nrog tus neeg mob tus yam ntxwv.
Wooly foxglove tshuaj
"Celanide" - lub plawv dhia ceev ceev glycoside, muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab tshuaj rau kev txhaj tshuaj intravenously. MainCov cim qhia - circulatory tsis ua haujlwm, tachycardia, atrial fibrillation.
"Digoxin" yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nce hauv myocardial contractility, tsis cuam tshuam cov hlab ntsha thiab txo qhov o vim kev ua ntawm diuretic. Nws yog muab intravenously thiab hais lus. Nws raug sau tseg rau kev mob ntshav siab hnyav thiab thaum muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm paroxysmal tachycardia thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
Cov txiaj ntsig kho tau nce mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws tom qab ib ntus, thaum cov tshuaj nquag mus txog qee qhov concentration hauv lub cev. Muaj cov nyhuv cumulative (sau) vim qhov tseeb tias cov kev npaj digitalis tau tso tawm qeeb qeeb.
