Meningococcemia - yog dab tsi? Ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho tus kab mob

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Meningococcemia - yog dab tsi? Ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho tus kab mob
Meningococcemia - yog dab tsi? Ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho tus kab mob

Video: Meningococcemia - yog dab tsi? Ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho tus kab mob

Video: Meningococcemia - yog dab tsi? Ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho tus kab mob
Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Meningococcemia yog ib hom kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob Neisseria meningitidis. Nws yog ib hom kab mob meningococcal generalized. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob hnyav thiab ntau yam tsos mob.

Nrog meningococcemia lossis, hauv lwm lo lus, nrog meningococcal sepsis, raws li kev txheeb cais, tus neeg tuag yog 75%. Tab sis txawm tias cov ciaj sia yuav tsis noj qab haus huv tag nrho ib yam li yav dhau los. Tus kab mob no tawm txoj hauv kev los ntawm cov teeb meem loj:

  • kev puas hlwb hauv menyuam yaus;
  • hnov tsis hnov;
  • cranial paj hlwb palsies;
  • lwm yam tshuaj pleev ib ce.

Nws yog qhov tsis tshua muaj los saib xyuas cov kab mob ntev lossis rov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological. Cov kab mob tuag los ntawm kev raug tshav ntuj ncaj qha hauv 2-8 teev, lub caij nyoog nce yog lub caij ntuj no thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav.

Hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob, tus kab mob no cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 1 txog 5 xyoos, yog li tus kab mob no suav hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Qhov seem 20% yog cov hluas hnub nyoog 18-30.

kws kho mob nrog cov ntaub ntawv
kws kho mob nrog cov ntaub ntawv

Yog vim li cas rau kev txhim kho thiabtxaus ntshai

Meningococcemia yog ib yam kab mob uas txaus ntshai vim nws tshwm sim tam sim ntawd, tshwm sim sai, feem ntau ua rau tib neeg lub neej nyob hauv ob peb teev xwb. Txawm tias muaj ib qho kev kawm me me, cov me nyuam ua siab ntev heev. Tus kab mob ua rau tus kab mob no yog cov kab mob Neisseria meningitidis, thiab qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem yog tus neeg mob lossis tus neeg nqa khoom zoo uas tau tsim muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo. Tus kab mob kis tau los ntawm cov tee dej.

Lub sijhawm incubation yog 5-6 hnub. Tus kab mob no, ib zaug ntawm nasopharyngeal mucosa, ua rau cov txheej txheem inflammatory, provoking meningococcal nasopharyngitis hauv 95% ntawm cov neeg mob. Nrog rau lub cev tsis muaj zog, cov kab mob microbes nrog cov qog nqaij hlav kis ntawm xob laim thoob plaws lub cev. Purulent meningitis tshwm sim, thiab yog tias tus neeg mob tsis tau txais kev kho mob sai sai, cov kua qaub yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb thiab tus neeg yuav tuag. Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj sia nyob, nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau rau kev kho kom rov zoo thiab rov zoo tag nrho.

Kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob

Meningococcemia yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob hnyav, tshwm sim tam sim ntawd thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsos mob. Thawj qhov cim qhia tias ib tug neeg yuav tsis txawm them sai sai rau yog qhov kub thiab txias. Ob peb teev tom qab, cov tsos mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij tshwm sim tsuas yog rau tus kab mob no. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev kawm, nws yog hemorrhagic, stellate nrog necrosis nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Ib qho kev kawm hnyav yog nrog los ntawm necrosis ntawm cov ntiv tes thiab cov ntiv taw, tsis tu ncua hemorrhages tshwm. Cov pob liab liab nrog meningococcemia yog nyob rau ntawm txhua qhov ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thaum xub thawj nws yog liab-liabxim, maj mam darkens thiab kis tau ib tug ntshav hue, yuav luag dub.

thawj cov ntsiab lus muaj ntau dua ntawm lub pob tw thiab ob txhais ceg, ces nws kis mus thoob lub cev. Cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev thiab cov mucous membranes kuj raug cuam tshuam.

Tus neeg mob tus mob no zuj zus sai heev, lub cev kub tuaj yeem nce siab tshaj 41 ° C, nrog rau mob taub hau loj heev, lub plawv dhia tsis zoo, cov leeg nqaij thiab pob qij txha tshwm sim.

ceg nrog ulcer
ceg nrog ulcer

Degrees ntawm qhov hnyav

Meningococcemia hauv cov menyuam yaus tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, hnyav thiab hypertoxic daim ntawv. Qhov kawg tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv cov menyuam mos uas muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo, nrog kev noj zaub mov kom raug thiab hauv lub cev noj qab haus huv, cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj zog. Yuav luag txhua rooj plaub yog neeg tuag taus. Qhov tshwm sim yog mob: lub cev kub nce siab, ua daus no tshwm sim. Cov pob liab liab nrog meningococcemia los ntawm thawj cov sij hawm ntau mus txog 10-15 cm loj, gangrene qhuav ntawm auricles, lub qhov ntswg thiab ntiv tes yog tsim. Yog tsis muaj kev pab tsim nyog, kev tuag yuav tshwm sim li ntawm 20-48 teev txij li pib muaj tus kab mob.

Cov teeb meem thiab cov cim

Lwm cov tsos mob ntawm meningococcemia:

  • qaug zog heev;
  • los ntshav sab hauv thiab sab nraud (qhov ntswg, plab hnyuv, uterine);
  • tachypnea (ua tsis taus pa nqus);
  • tachycardia;
  • CNS lesion;
  • meningitis - hauv 50-88% ntawm tus neeg mob;
  • hypotension;
  • khaus khaus;
  • tsis nco qab;
  • kab mob endocarditis;
  • kab mob septic;
  • purulent pericarditis;
  • hemorrhages hauv qog adrenal (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome);
  • repeated ntuav.

Cov xwm txheej ntawm lub paj hlwb ntawm cov neeg mob hloov pauv: lawv dhau los ua qhov tsis zoo, xws li coma, lossis, hloov pauv, txaus siab heev.

qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij
qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij

Kev pab thawj zaug rau meningococcemia

Kev pab thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev tau muab faib ua ob theem: hauv tsev thiab hauv tsev kho mob. Qee lub sij hawm lub tsev kho mob ua ntej yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob tsis yog rau cov kws kho mob nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov neeg mob, nrog rau cov niam txiv. Nrog rau hom kab mob meningococcal nyob hauv tsev, tus neeg mob tau txhaj tshuaj intramuscularly rau 1 kg ntawm lub cev hnyav:

  • chloramphenicol sodium succinate - hauv ib koob ntawm 25 txhiab units;
  • benzylpenicillin - 200-400 txhiab units ib hnub,;
  • prednisolone - ib zaug 2-5 mg.

Thaum thauj mus rau tsev kho mob nrog cov tsos mob ntawm kev sib kis-tshuaj lom, kev kho mob yog ua tiav rau kev tshem tawm thiab lub cev qhuav dej.

niam nrog menyuam
niam nrog menyuam

Kev kuaj kab mob

Kev kuaj zaum kawg uas yog meningococcemia, txawm tias muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, tuaj yeem ua tau tom qab kuaj sim. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kab mob tau nce zuj zus ntawm xob laim nrawm thiab yog qhov ua rau muaj kev tuag siab, yog li nws tsim nyog pib kho yam tsis tau tos cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj sim:

Cov kev kuaj mob yooj yim:

  • CBC;
  • kev tshawb fawb ntawm cerebrospinal kua;
  • bacteriological method;
  • kuaj ntshav;
  • PCR kev tshawb fawb - kuaj pom tus kab mob meningococcal DNA.

Qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam zaum kawg yog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws, tab sis nws tsis tau ua tiav hauv txhua lub tsev kho mob, thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev no yog qhov tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov rhiab ntawm cov kab mob mus rau ib pawg tshuaj tua kab mob.

kub
kub

kho mob xwm txheej ceev thiab kho dua tshiab

Kev kho mob meningococcemia pib tam sim ntawm thawj qhov cim ntawm tus kab mob uas xav tias muaj kab mob. Tus neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob meningococcal feem ntau raug mus pw hauv tsev kho mob xwm txheej ceev. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua - chloramphenicol succinate. Nrog rau kev ceev ceev ntawm tus kab mob, cov tshuaj tau muab tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha txhua 4 teev. Tom qab cov ntshav siab stabilizes, cov tshuaj yog muab intramuscularly. Duration ntawm kev kho mob 10 hnub los yog ntau tshaj.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev qaug rau lub cev raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj hauv qab no:

  • tshuaj tua kab mob: Ringer's tov, 5% qabzib tov;
  • "Furosemide" - txhawm rau tiv thaiv cerebral edema;
  • tshuaj rau convulsions ("Sibazon");
  • Vitamin C,B;
  • glutamic acid;
  • Yglucocorticosteroids.

Cov tshuaj los ntawm pawg cephalosporin kuj tseem siv: Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone.

Symptomatic antibiotic therapy:

  • yaug qhov ntswg nrog tshuaj tua kab mob;
  • tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
  • glucose daws (kua leeg);
  • khoom hormonal;
  • vitamin complexes;
  • tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj diuretics.

Kev kho mob meningococcemia hauv cov menyuam yaus tsuas yog ua tau hauv tsev kho mob xwb.

Qhov tseem ceeb! Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas muaj teeb meem nrog raum, cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj raug xaiv ib tus zuj zus. Levomycetin feem ntau provokes aplastic anemia.

menyuam thiab kws kho mob
menyuam thiab kws kho mob

Txoj Kev Ciaj sia

Txawm tias muaj xob laim-kev loj hlob sai thiab kev mob hnyav ntawm meningococcemia, tus neeg mob muaj txoj hauv kev kom muaj sia nyob, yog tias qhov kev kuaj mob tau tsim tam sim tsis muaj qhov yuam kev, thiab kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj hormones thiab tshuaj tua kab mob pib tam sim ntawd. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua rau lub xeev poob siab, cov tshuaj tua kab mob bactericidal yog siv thiab kev kho mob hnyav yog nqa tawm.

Pov thawj thiab pov thawj - cov kab mob thauj khoom thaum lub sijhawm pab thawj zaug txiav txim qhov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm meningococcemia los ntawm kev ua kom puas ntawm meningococcus hauv cov hlab ntsha. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias ua ntej mus pw hauv tsev kho mob, benzylpenicillin, thib peb tiam cephalosporins raug tswj hwm. Txoj hauv kev muaj sia nyob tau nce ntxiv yog tias lub tsev kho mob muaj ntau yam tshuaj muaj los muab kev saib xyuas xwm txheej ceev rau cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob no.

tshuaj thiab lwm yam tshuaj
tshuaj thiab lwm yam tshuaj

ntsuas kev tiv thaiv

Meningococcemia yog ib qho kab mob uas nyuaj heev los tiv thaiv. Kev tiv thaiv tsis tau muab 100% lav kev nyab xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob no txo qis heev. Kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws:

  • tshuaj tiv thaiv raws sijhawm;
  • Y noj cov vitamins;
  • kev tawv tawv ntawm lub cev;
  • ua raws li txoj cai cais tawm;
  • zam hypothermia.
  • tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob

Txhua daim ntawv, meningococcemia – yog ib yam kab mob hnyav heev. Nws xav tau kev kuaj mob uas tsim nyog thiab kev kho mob tam sim ntawd. Ua tsaug rau cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no ntawm cov chaw kho mob thiab muaj cov tshuaj xav tau, cov neeg tuag los ntawm tus kab mob no tau txo qis.

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