"Prevenar" ( txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv): tshuaj xyuas, daim ntawv thov, nqe

Cov txheej txheem:

"Prevenar" ( txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv): tshuaj xyuas, daim ntawv thov, nqe
"Prevenar" ( txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv): tshuaj xyuas, daim ntawv thov, nqe

Video: "Prevenar" ( txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv): tshuaj xyuas, daim ntawv thov, nqe

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Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Tam sim no, qhov kev hem thawj tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub neej ntawm cov menyuam yaus tsis yog cov kab mob tsawg, tab sis feem ntau pneumococci. Cov kab mob no tau hloov pauv tas li thiab ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau dua. Lawv tau dhau los ua nruj dua, raws li, ntau yam txaus ntshai rau cov menyuam yaus. Tus menyuam yau, qhov kev puas tsuaj pneumococcus ntau dua rau nws, txij li kev tiv thaiv tseem tsis tau tsim. Txog niaj hnub no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv tus kab mob yog Prevenar (kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular).

txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ntej
txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ntej

Tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib yam tshuaj uas muaj cov kab mob "tsis muaj zog" (antigen). Yuav kom tus neeg mob tau txais kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tus kab mob, kev sib cuag ntawm tus neeg cov ntshav leukocytes thiab microbe yuav tsum tau. Qhov no yuav tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ob kis: los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis, tsis xav tau, los ntawm kev kis kab mob. Kev taw qhia ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov antigen, uas tau qhia nyob rau hauv lub ntim tsis muaj teeb meem thiab tsis muaj zog heev. Qhov no tsis suav nrog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm tus kab mob tiag tiag. Qhov thib ob yog qhov txaus ntshai dua, vim tias tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob uas tswj tsis tau.

Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Prevenar (kev tshuaj xyuas uas nyob deb ntawm qhov tsis meej)suav hais tias ua tau zoo heev, soj ntsuam kuaj thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo.

kab mob dab tsi ua kab mob ua rau

Kab mob ntsws pneumococcal yog ib hom kab mob sib kis tau los ntawm cov kab mob bacilli ntawm qeb Streptococcus pneumoniae. Cov no suav nrog:

  • kab mob otitis media;
  • angina;
  • meningitis;
  • pneumococcal pneumonia.

sijhawm txhaj tshuaj

Ib yam yuav tsum tau ua rau cov txheej txheem zoo li no yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem:

  1. Rau cov menyuam mos los ntawm 2 lub hlis mus rau rau lub hlis, qhov kev tshwm sim yog ua raws li 3 + 1 txoj kev npaj. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog 0.5 ml. Thawj 3 koob tshuaj muab 1 lub hlis sib nrug, kawg ntawm 15 lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog.
  2. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 7 txog 11 lub hlis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv Prevenar 13 ntawm tib qhov tshuaj, tab sis tsuas yog raws li 2 + 1 lub tswv yim, lub sijhawm sib txawv yog tib yam, kev tswj hwm zaum kawg yog ua nyob rau xyoo thib ob ntawm lub xyoo. me nyuam lub neej.
  3. txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv prevenar 13 tshuaj xyuas
    txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv prevenar 13 tshuaj xyuas
  4. Los ntawm 1 mus rau 2 xyoos, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tib yam, tab sis tsuas yog ob zaug nrog 2-3 lub hlis so.
  5. Los ntawm 2 mus rau 5 xyoos, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ib zaug ntawm 0.5 ml.

Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tus menyuam yuav tsum raug kuaj los ntawm kws kho mob thiab noj qab nyob zoo.

tshuaj cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub cev li cas

"Prevenar 13" muaj ntau dua 90% ntawm Streptococcus pneumonia serotypes, uas ua rau mob otitis, tiv taus tshuaj tua kab mob. Txhua serotype yog ib feem ntawm cov microbe puas lawm (polysaccharide ntawm ib qho muaj pes tsawg leeg). Yog tias txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pneumococcal "Prevenar" raug muab, covlub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm lub cev, uas yog, tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim. Qhov no yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov protein uas tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kab mob txawv teb chaws.

Thaum cov leukocytes tawm tsam cov kab mob uas tsis muaj zog ntawm cov kab mob bacilli, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob "nco" raug tsim. Thiab nrog rau kev nkag mus tom ntej ntawm cov kab mob phem ntawm tib hom, lub cev yuav twb muaj cov tshuaj npaj tau rau kev sib ntaus. Yog li ntawd, tus kab mob thib ob feem ntau tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv me me.

tshuaj tiv thaiv prevenar tshuaj xyuas
tshuaj tiv thaiv prevenar tshuaj xyuas

Kev pheej hmoo thiab kev ua haujlwm

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Prevenar 13 (cov lus qhia uas yuav piav qhia tom qab) tau pom zoo rau txhua tus neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo, xws li:

  • cov neeg mob tiv thaiv kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg mob leukemia thiab cov kab mob HIV;
  • cov laus thiab me nyuam;
  • cov neeg mob uas tsim muaj tus kab mob sepsis (nrog rau qhov tshem tawm spleen lossis cellular anemia);
  • tus neeg kis tus kab mob;
  • cov neeg mob hlwb thiab txha caj qaum;
  • cov neeg laus nrog mob plawv pathologies, kab mob ntawm daim siab, ntsws, thiab ntshav qab zib.

Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv "Prevenar 13" (kev tshuaj xyuas txog nws tuaj yeem nyeem hauv kab lus no) tau ua pov thawj tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum muab tshuaj rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm 85-90% ntawm cov neeg mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab txawm tias lub neej ntev ntawm cov neeg mob, ua rau nws tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov tshwm sim loj thiab cov kab mob hnyav.

cov lus qhia txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv prevenar
cov lus qhia txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv prevenar

Cov teeb meem thiab contraindications

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pneumococcal no muaj qee qhov kev txwv rau nws siv:

  • kev mob kis mob ntev;
  • lub cev kub;
  • 1st thiab 2nd peb lub hlis twg ntawm cev xeeb tub;
  • mob hnyav;
  • Kev tsis haum hnyav rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yav dhau los.

"Prevenar" (kev txhaj tshuaj) muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv zos uas pom muaj nyob hauv 5% ntawm cov xwm txheej thiab tshwm sim raws li khaus me ntsis thiab liab ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dav dav hauv daim ntawv kiv taub hau, qaug zog lossis nce me ntsis hauv qhov kub thiab txias tsis pub ntau tshaj 2% ntawm cov neeg mob. Cov tsos mob zoo li no tsis muaj teeb meem rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab ploj hauv 2-3 hnub tom qab txhaj tshuaj. Tab sis tseem, kev tsis haum tshuaj tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ntau txoj kev. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib tus kws tshaj lij.

txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob 13
txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob 13

Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv menyuam yaus

Tom qab "Prevenar" (txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv) ua tiav, qhov tshwm sim yuav tshwm sim. Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog, hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv, cov tsos mob ntawm malaise tseem yuav tshwm sim. Txawm tias nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv lightened, tus me nyuam tseem yuav mob. Muaj ob peb qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov ntuj teb rau cov tshuaj:

  1. Kub nce me ntsis mus rau 37.5 degrees.
  2. Ntshai tsam nws keeb kwm.
  3. Redness thiab induration nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam uas tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv Prevenar 13 (kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem hnov los ntawm yuav luag txhua tus neeg).
  4. Kev tsis lees paubzaub mov, ntxhov siab vim, lethargy.

Cov ntsuas no suav tias yog ib txwm muaj thiab ploj hauv 2-4 hnub. Nyob rau theem no, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau so. Kev sib txuas lus nrog lwm tus menyuam yuav tsum txo qis, thiab yog tias ua tau, tsis kam mus kawm qib kindergarten. Tom qab peb hnub, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau qhia rau tus kws kho mob.

Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim yog suav tias yog qhov tsis raug

Tsis tshua muaj, tab sis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb ntawm tib neeg lub cev rau kev qhia txog tshuaj tiv thaiv:

  • kev tsis nco qab (tsis muaj tseeb, tsis meej pem);
  • kub tshaj 38 degrees;
  • qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob hnyav hauv qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj;
  • cov tshuaj tiv thaiv loj hlob, ib hnub tom qab txhaj tshuaj.

Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob. Qhov kub thiab txias muaj peev xwm ua tau ob qho tib si raws li qhov txawv txav thiab raws li ib tus neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj.

txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv prevenar 13 kev qhia
txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv prevenar 13 kev qhia

"Prevenar" (txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv): cov lus qhia

Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog txhaj tshuaj intramuscularly mus rau sab nraud ntawm tus ncej puab, thiab rau cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus - rau hauv cov leeg deltoid brachial ib zaug ntawm koob tshuaj 0.5 ml. Intravenous tswj ntawm cov tshuaj yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub. Cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj ntshav txhaws yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj subcutaneous. Ua ntej siv, lub syringe nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum shaken zoo kom txog thaum tau txais ib homogeneous suspension. Yog tias pom cov nplej txawv teb chaws thaum kuaj cov koob txhaj tshuaj, cov tshuaj no siv tsis tau.

niam txiv txoj kev xav

Tshuaj tiv thaiv "Prevenar" tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov niam txiv tau sau sib xyaw. Qee tus xav txog qhov kev tiv thaiv no ua tau zoo heev, thaum lwm tus, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tsis paub meej txog nws cov txiaj ntsig thiab ntshai ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim.

Kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Prevenar 13 kuj muaj ntau yam. Qee tus qhuas cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj, lwm tus taw qhia tias cov tshuaj muaj cov tshuaj serotypes tsis txaus. Thiab cov antigens uas yuav tsum muaj tam sim no tsis nyob hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Prevenar.

Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws Russia tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Nws tus nqi yog siab heev - los ntawm 3000 mus rau 4500 rubles. Tab sis tseem, nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob txuag koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv, tab sis txhawm rau ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim nyog raws sijhawm.

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