Raws li koj paub, lub cev pob txha yog kev txhawb nqa rau tag nrho lub cev. Yog tsis muaj lub cev pob txha, peb tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tsuas yog ua ntau yam kev txav, tab sis txawm sawv ntsug. Yog li ntawd, kev txhawb nqa lub cev pob txha yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws lub peev xwm tsim nyog rau lub neej.
Hmoov tsis zoo, kab mob pob txha muaj ntau heev. Feem ntau lawv yog txuam nrog pathologies ntawm pob qij txha. Feem ntau, cov teeb meem ntawm lub cev musculoskeletal pib tshwm thaum muaj hnub nyoog laus. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog feem ntau lawv loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov poj niam uas nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm menopausal. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pob txha pathologies tshwm sim hauv cov neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog. Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov menyuam yug tshiab tsis muaj kev zam.
Pathologies ntawm lub cev pob txha: piav qhia
Cov kab mob ntawm cov pob txha thiab pob qij txha yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov musculoskeletal muaj nuj nqi, uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob xws li kev hloov hauv kev mus, tsis muaj peev xwm khoov lossis tig, deformity ntawm ceg lossis txha nraub qaum. Pathology tuaj yeem ua tau ob qho tib si hauv lub cev (kev sib txuas ntawm caj ces) thiab tau txais thaum lub neej. Cov kab mob tau muab faib ua hauv zos (coverib lossis ntau pob txha) thiab dav, uas cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov musculoskeletal system. Pathology tuaj yeem ua rau mob, caj ces (congenital anomalies), qog hauv qhov xwm txheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob musculoskeletal muaj xws li pob txha, dislocations ntawm cov pob qij txha, deformities thiab contractures nyob rau hauv lub systemic pathologies ntawm lub cev. Tib neeg cov kab mob pob txha muaj tib yam li thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Lawv muaj ntau dua ntawm cov poj niam cov pejxeem. Txawm li cas los xij, feem pua ntawm cov txiv neej nrog pathologies ntawm musculoskeletal system kuj siab.
Kab mob pob txha thiab pob qij txha: ntau yam
Lub etiology ntawm osteoarticular pathologies txawv. Nws nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob twg tshwm sim hauv ib kis. Raws li qhov no, pathologies tau muab faib ua pawg hauv qab no:
- Dystrophic lesions. Cov no suav nrog rickets hauv menyuam yaus thiab osteoporosis, uas tshwm sim hauv cov neeg laus. Qhov tshwm sim vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov kab mob (calcium, phosphorus). Qhov tsis muaj cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog kev noj zaub mov tsis raug, nrog rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, zes qe menyuam.
- Kab mob pathologies - osteomyelitis. Cov kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov kab mob microbial rau hauv cov pob txha. Hauv qhov no, nws qhov kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim - necrosis.
- Taumatic lesions ntawm musculoskeletal system. Cov no suav nrog cov pob txha tawg thiab cov pob txha tawg. Kuj tseem muaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg no yog kev raug mob ntawm cov pob qij txha thiab ligaments (dislocation, sprain). Ua rau mob pob txhatus cwj pwm yog cuam tshuam, compression thiab lwm yam khoom siv kho tshuab.
- Y Degenerative (dysplastic) pathologies. Cov no suav nrog osteoarthritis, Bechterew's disease. Lub etiology ntawm cov pathologies tsis paub meej. Nws ntseeg tau tias lawv yuav yog keeb kwm (genetic) nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej, thiab kuj yog cov kab mob autoimmune ntawm cov pob txha.
- qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub cev musculoskeletal.
- Ntshai genetic syndromes. Cov no suav nrog Paget tus kab mob, osteogenesis imperfecta, thiab lwm yam.
Ua rau kev txhim kho pob txha pathologies
Txawm hais tias txhua yam kab mob pob txha muaj qhov sib txawv, muaj ntau yam uas ua rau ib qho ntawm cov kab mob no. Cov no suav nrog cov kev cuam tshuam hauv qab no:
- Kev noj haus tsis raug. Kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus ntawm cov calcium uas ua rau cov pob txha ntom ntom. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov neeg laus muaj mob osteoporosis.
- Tsis muaj hnub ci. Qhov no ua rau muaj kab mob xws li rickets. Cov kab mob no tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus.
- Hormonal imbalance. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb rau cov thyroid caj pas. Lub cev no yog lub luag haujlwm los tswj qhov sib npaug ntawm calcium thiab phosphorus tsim nyog rau lub cev pob txha. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov qog parathyroid thiab zes qe menyuam tuaj yeem ua rau pathologies ntawm musculoskeletal system.
- Kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau ntawm lub cev pob txha. Qhov laj thawj no txhais tau tias qhov hnyav tas li, kev ua si lub cev ntev, rog.
- mob foci ntawm tus kab mob. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias kab mob los yog kab mob ntawm ib lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev pob txha.
- YSystemic pathologies.
- Genetic predisposition rau cov kab mob ntawm cov pob txha thiab pob qij txha. Piv txwv li, osteoarthritis lossis gout hauv niam txiv.
daim duab kho mob hauv pob txha pathologies
Cov tsos mob ntawm pob txha kab mob nyob ntawm tus kab mob nws tus kheej, nrog rau nws qhov hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, daim duab kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob musculoskeletal muaj qee yam zoo sib xws. Cov no suav nrog kev tsis xis nyob thaum txav mus los, deformation ntawm pob txha lossis pob qij txha, o thiab mob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab. Cov cim qhia no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm yuav luag txhua yam pathologies. Cov kab mob hauv pob txha, ntxiv rau cov tsos mob uas tau teev tseg, tau tshwm sim los ntawm kub taub hau, tsis muaj zog, tsis qab los noj mov.
Ib kab mob xws li pob txha pob txha yuav tsis muaj daim duab kho mob. Feem ntau nws muaj peev xwm xav tias tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob ntawm tus neeg mob, ua rau cov pob txha tawg.
Lwm yam dystrophic pathology yog osteomalacia. Hauv cov neeg laus, nws tuaj yeem suav tias yog tus kab mob ywj pheej, hauv cov menyuam yaus - qhov tshwm sim ntawm rickets. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm osteomalacia yog mob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov pob txha mos, tsis xis nyob thaum taug kev.
Kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub cev musculoskeletal nyob ntawm theem ntawm cov txheej txheem. Feem ntau, cov qog yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm thaj tsam ntawm kev sib txuam (nce) raws cov pob txha, uas nyhav raukom loj hlob. Hauv cov theem hnyav, muaj qhov nce hauv cov qog nqaij hlav, qhov kub thiab txias, tsis muaj zog.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm pathologies ntawm lub cev musculoskeletal
Txhawm rau kom paub seb cov kab mob hauv pob txha tuaj yeem pom dab tsi hauv tus neeg mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tsis yog ntawm lub cev musculoskeletal xwb, tab sis ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev mus rau hauv tsev kho mob yog kev tsis txaus siab ntawm qhov mob, txwv kev txav, deformity. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum paub txog cov hauv qab no: seb puas muaj kev raug mob lossis kev tawm dag zog lub cev ntau dhau. Qhov no yog ua raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov musculoskeletal system. Tus kws kho mob hais kom tus neeg mob ua ntau yam kev txav thiab ntsuas lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo. Ntawm cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam, xws li cov ntsuas leukocytes thiab ESR, uric acid, calcium thiab phosphorus yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias tus neeg mob yws yws ntawm qhov mob los yog txhav ntawm cov pob qij txha, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas los txheeb xyuas qhov mob rheumatoid. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua x-ray pob txha. Yog tias tsim nyog, suav tomography raug ua.
Differential Diagnosis of Bone Disease
Yuav kom paub qhov txawv ntawm ib tus kab mob pob txha los ntawm lwm tus, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob. Thaum muaj kev raug mob tshwm sim, x-ray raug coj tam sim ntawd, thiab kev kuaj mob tsis yooj yim. Cov txheej txheem inflammatory tuaj yeem xav tias vim yog kev kuaj mob ntawm cov ceg (qhov muaj qhov txhab nrog cov ntsiab lus purulent, hyperemia thiab edema), nce hauv lub cev kub, thiab cov ntaub ntawv kuaj (leukocytosis, nrawm ESR). Kev hloov dystrophic hauv cov pob txha raug kuaj pom siv x-rays. Yog tias xav tias muaj qog lossis cyst, suav tomography tau ua. Cov kab mob xws li osteoarthritis lossis ankylosing spondylitis raug kuaj pom (kom ntau dua) vim daim duab kho mob. Lawv txawv los ntawm kev hais tawm deformation ntawm lub cev musculoskeletal thiab kev hloov pauv hauv gait.
Cov kab mob pob txha: kho cov kab mob
Txawm tias muaj mob me ntsis lossis tsis txav txav, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob. Thaum koj tau txais kev raug mob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau x-ray thiab siv lub plaster cam nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, vim hais tias cov pob txha yuav tsis zoo, tom qab ntawd ntev yuav tsum tau kho. Koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev kho mob yog tias muaj kab mob tshwm sim. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab varicose leeg. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias cov kab mob no tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob musculoskeletal, trophic ulcers tuaj yeem ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm osteomyelitis. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm curvature ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum, tiaj tus taw thiab impaired gait, koj yuav tsum tau hu rau ib tug orthopedist. Tus kws kho mob traumatologist yog lub luag haujlwm rau pob txha thiab dislocations ntawm pob qij txha. Tus kws kho mob rheumatologist tshwj xeeb hauv cov lus teb inflammatory uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem autoimmune.
Kev noj haus rau cov pob txha pathologies
Txhua yam kab mob pob txha yog qhov qhia txog kev noj haus. Kev noj zaub mov kom zoo yuav pab tsis tau tsuas yog ntxiv dag zog rau cov pob txha, tab sis kuj zam kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm pathology. Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov nws txhawj xeeb txog kev puas tsuaj thiab dystrophic kab mob. Txhawm rau kom muaj cov calcium hauv lub cev kom zoo, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau noj cov khoom noj siv mis. Cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom no yog pom nyob rau hauv ntau hom cheese, tsev cheese, kefir. Ntxiv rau qhov chaw ntawm calcium yog daim siab, zaub qhwv thiab txiv ntoo. Qab zib, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, taum thiab dej cawv tsis pom zoo.
kho mob thiab phais
Hauv cov kab mob inflammatory ntawm cov pob txha thiab pob qij txha, cov tshuaj ntawm pab pawg NSAID tau siv. Cov no suav nrog cov tshuaj "Diclofenac", "Artoxan", "Aertal". Cov tshuaj kho mob kuj pom zoo. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj "Ketonal". Cov tshuaj no kuj tsim nyog rau cov pob txha raug mob. Cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub feem ntau tsim osteoporosis. Txhawm rau txo cov pob txha fragility, kev siv cov tshuaj estrogen yog pom zoo. Nrog hnyav deformation ntawm musculoskeletal system, kev phais yog ua. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho mob phais yog qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kuaj pom cov qog thiab kev loj hlob ntawm osteomyelitis.
Tiv thaiv pob txha pathologies
Txhawm rau zam qhov tshwm sim lossis kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha pathologies, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev noj haus, tshem tawm qhov hnyav dhau. Nws kuj raug pom zoo kom ua ib txheej ntawm kev tawm dag zog lub cev, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no yog tsis txhob overdo nws. Kev tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem inflammatory yog kev huv ntawm foci ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob thaum lub sij hawm exacerbation ntawm cov kab mob ntev (sinusitis, tonsillitis).
