Kev nyob yog lub peev xwm ntawm lub cev lossis lub cev hloov mus rau txhua qhov xwm txheej.
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev pab, raws li txoj cai, yog siv los cuam tshuam cov pathologies ntawm lub zog diopter ntawm qhov muag pom kev, piv txwv li, txhawm rau tsim kom raug cov khoom uas pom ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub ntsej muag. Qhov tseeb, vim yog qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub qhov muag, koj tuaj yeem pom meej meej cov khoom uas yog ob peb kauj ruam deb, nrog rau qhov ntev. Kev tuag tes tuag taw ntawm kev pab ua rau pathology ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv no. Tus kab mob tshwm sim yog tias kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cov leeg thiab lub lens nres, thiab muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev xa cov hlab ntsha mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub hlwb.
Yog vim li cas
Nws feem ntau lees paub tias tus kab mob no ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws ntau dhau. Cov kws tshaj lij tab tom tshawb nrhiav qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov pib ntawm cov tsos mob thiab cov kab mob metabolic hauv ntshav qab zib. Lub sij hawm luv luv ua rau tuag tes tuag taw tuaj yeem taug qab tom qab mob cawv heev. Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj dej cawv ntev, oblub qhov muag raug cuam tshuam symmetrically. Ib daim ntawv teev npe ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev pw tsaug zog tuag tes tuag taw hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus suav nrog:
- Kab mob sib kis. Kev tsis tuaj yeem ntawm kev pabcuam feem ntau dhau los ua ib qho kev tshwm sim ntawm botulism, zoo siab los ntawm cov tshuaj lom ntawm botulinum toxin. Kev puas tsuaj ob sab kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob diphtheria, syphilis thiab mob khaub thuas.
- Kev siv cycloplegics. Cov tsos mob ib ntus tshwm sim thaum M-anticholinergics (atropine) yog instilled rau hauv conjunctival sinus. Kev siv tshuaj ntau zaus hauv pawg no tuaj yeem ua rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsis hloov pauv.
- Taumatic defects. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov cim qhia tau ua ke nrog kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha ntawm cov leeg ciliary hauv kev raug mob hlwb. Qhov teeb meem no feem ntau taug qab qhov muag qhov muag.
- Kab mob ntawm lub hlwb. Kev tsis pom kev tsis pom kev tsis zoo tej zaum yuav qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm lub hlwb (fibroids, atheromatosis, abscess). Cov tsos mob ntawm tus tuag tes tuag taw yog muaj nyob rau hauv meningitis los yog meningoencephalitis.
- Iatrogenic ntxeem tau. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm qhov muaj qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov hlab ntsha ciliary hauv cov txheej txheem laser coagulation ntawm retina. Qhov tshwm sim yog laser lossis hluav taws xob stimulation ntawm cov leeg ciliary. Hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, immobility yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm barotherapy hauv zos.
Nrog rau hnub nyoog, qhov txo qis hauv txhua yam ntawm lub cev ua haujlwm. Lawv kuj kov lub qhov muag. Nws thickens thiab ploj musyooj ntawm lub lens, uas ntxiv ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev pab. Kev puas tsuaj ntawm integument ntawm lub hlwb thiab lub hauv paus ntawm lub pob txha taub hau, thiab lwm yam, muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev tsim cov kab mob.
Risk factors
Tseem muaj cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai rau kev tsim ntawm cycloplegia:
- mob ntshav qab zib mellitus;
- kev hloov pauv dav dav;
- ntau qhov muag raug mob;
- kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub hlwb lossis thaj chaw ciliary hauv kev raug mob lub hlwb;
- yuav haus cawv;
- ntau lub plawv dhia;
- Parkinson's disease.
Nyob rau hauv tshuaj, muaj cov tshuaj nquag uas ua rau cov neeg tuag tes tuag taw. Cov npe no suav nrog: atropine, amphetamine, elivel, antazoline, belladonna, betamethasone, vincristine, dexamethasone, diphenhydramine, diphenylpyralin, dicyclomine, capoten, finlepsin, rivtagil, naproxen, oxazepam, pentazocine, chlorine, thiab lwm yam.
Symptoms
Kev ua txhaum loj zuj zus los yog subacutely. Cov neeg mob feem ntau koom nrog cov tsos mob ntawm kev mob tuag tes tuag taw nrog kev ntxhov siab, kab mob sib kis, lossis siv cov tee qhov muag.
Muaj kev tsis txaus siab txog qhov kev hloov ntawm qhov ze ze, tsawg zaus lawv yws txog qhov pom kev deb. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev mus ntsib tus kws kho qhov muag yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm pom kev zoo ib yam ntawm qhov ze txaus, tsom mus rau ib qho khoom.
Cov neeg mob qhia meej txog lub sijhawm tsim ntawm thawj cov cim qhia ntawm kev pw tsaug zog tuag tes tuag taw thiab spasm. Feem ntau pom kevtxo qis symmetrically, tab sis lub sijhawm ntawm unilateral lesions kuj tau piav qhia. Tus kab mob yog predisposed mus rau ib tug relapsing chav kawm. Yog tias lub paj hlwb puas dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb, daim duab kho mob tag nrho yog cov tsos mob meningeal, tshwm sim los ntawm xeev siab, ntuav tsis tuaj yeem, thiab mob taub hau.
Kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas, kev ruaj khov kev tuag tuag tes tuag taw yog tsim los ntawm cov hnub nyoog ntawm 7 thiab 15 xyoo. Nws feem ntau provoked los ntawm:
- ib puag ncig kev nyuaj siab;
- mob hnyav ntawm qhov xwm txheej;
- kev kuaj mob ntawm atropine.
Ntau zaus, cov no yog cov neeg mob kuaj pom muaj ntau yam kab mob CNS.
Key Features
Cov neeg mob feem ntau yws txog qee yam tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob. Cov no suav nrog:
- tsis muaj peev xwm nkag siab cov ntawv;
- menyuam kawm ntawv dilation (visually perceptible);
- tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom tau daim ntawv sau (thaum qaij lub taub hau);
- automatically squint ob lub qhov muag thaum saib cov khoom nyob deb;
- qhov muag liab qab, squinting;
- kev tsis pom kev nyob deb (qee zaum);
- xav rub koj lub qhov muag.
Kab mob uas ua rau muaj kab mob
Nyob hauv kev kho mob, kev pom kev tsis pom kev, kev tsis pom kev, kev kho mob pathologies yog suav tias yog thawj cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- Botulism type B. Nyuaj tshuaj lom- kis kab mob cuam tshuam nrog CNS puas.
- Adi Syndrome. Ib tug neurological teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug uniformly dilated tub kawm ntawv. Hauv 50% ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj Adie's syndrome, astigmatism tshwm sim vim paresis ntawm cov leeg ciliary.
tus kab mob no yog dab tsi?
Tus kab mob no yog ib qho teeb meem uas, vim yog pathologies ntawm refraction, nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov pom ntawm lub qhov muag ib ntus. Kev kho mob tshwm sim suav nrog kev txo qis hauv qhov pom kev nyob ze, pom qhov pom kev zoo siab, nyuaj rau pom qhov muag thaum saib cov khoom nyob ze.
Kev kuaj mob yog ua raws li lub computer refractometry, visometry, tsom xam ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm lub qhov muag. Cholinomimetics lossis α-adrenergic antagonists tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev kho mob. Yog hais tias lub sphincter pupillary los yog ciliary nqaij raug mob, kev kho phais yog qhia.
Pathogenesis
Kev pw tsaug zog tuag tes tuag taw yog tsim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj rau cov leeg ciliary thiab sphincter ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Ob qhov textures no yog innervated los ntawm cov paj hlwb tshwj xeeb los ntawm thaj tsam ciliary.
Qhov no piav qhia qhov tseeb tias kev cuam tshuam ntawm ob lub ntsej muag yuav raug kho nrog lub qhov muag sab nraud. Nrog rau kev pom monocular, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo yog taug qab, tseem hu ua "chaw nyob tsis sib xws". Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov tsos mob yog qhov mob ncaj qha ntawm cov leeg ciliary lossis cov pob txha pob txha.
Diagnosis
Kev kuaj mob yog nyob ntawmntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm anamnesis, kev ntsuam xyuas ncaj ncees thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txheej txheem ntsuas. Ib-lossis ob-sided nce hauv cov menyuam kawm ntawv yog pom pom. Nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov leeg ciliary, qhov chaw ntawm subconjunctival hemorrhage tau pom.
Lwm cov kev hloov kho los ntawm ntug ntawm lub anterior sector ntawm cov ophthalmic kua tsis pom nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev. Cov txheej txheem kuaj mob yog:
- YComputer refractometry. Hom emmetropic lossis hypermetropic ntawm kev kho mob refraction yog predetermined. Nrog hypermetropia, qhov tsis sib haum ntawm ntau hom axes raug kaw.
- Visometry. Thaum ua qhov kev kho, lub acuity ntawm lub zeem muag nyob deb yuav ntau dua, tsis tshua muaj heev - nws txo. Nyob ze paub tseeb txo mus txog 0.1 diopters. thiab lwm yam. Nrog rau kev siv cov iav convex ntxiv, pom kev zoo dua.
- Definition of chaw nyob. Cov teeb pom kev zoo ntawm cov lo ntsiab muag tsis zoo thiab zoo yog siv. Nws hloov tawm los ua qhov tsis muaj tseeb los kawm txog qhov loj ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau ntawm cov kua txiv ophthalmic, txij li qhov ze tshaj plaws ntawm lub zeem muag pom tseeb txuas nrog rau lwm qhov.
- Kev kuaj qhov sib txawv yog ua tiav nrog kev txwv ntawm kev pab thiab presbyopia. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm kev pab, cov neeg mob yuav tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom meej meej qhov ntev ntawm ciam teb ntawm qhov pib ntawm thawj cov cim qhia; ib tug ntse tshwm sim yog yam ntxwv ntawm tuag tes tuag taw. Nrog presbyopia, kev kho mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus. Lawv qhov tseeb tshwm sim dhau lub sijhawm, uas txawv txav rau tuag tes tuag taw.
Kev kho mob
Muab rau hauv tus account qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau qhov pathology ntawm lub zeem muag, kev kho mob ntawm kev pw tsaug zog tuag tes tuag taw tuaj yeem mus deb dhau ntawm cov ciam teb ntawm cov tshuaj ophthalmology.
Cov kws kho mob feem ntau tham txog qhov tsis txaus ntawm ib lossis lwm txoj kev kho mob thaum muaj tshuaj tuag tes tuag taw. Yog tias koj tshem tawm qhov tsis muaj ib yam khoom, ces ze ze qhov muag yuav rov pib dua nws tus kheej.
Yog tias tom qab tshem tawm qhov spasm ntawm qhov chaw nyob hauv cov neeg laus (uas tau kuaj pom thiab tswj hwm los ntawm cov kws kho mob ntawm qhov profile kom zoo), kev tsis tuaj yeem tseem nyob, qhov no, ophthalmologists sau lo ntsiab muag (nrog rau diopters) txhawm rau kho qhov pom kev deb.
Kev kho mob phais - kho qhov muag pom kev laser (los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag nrog lub laser), yog qhia rau cov kab mob ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev: myopia, hypermetropia, aberration thiab presbyopia (hnub nyoog ntsig txog farsightedness). Chaw pw tuag tes tuag taw tsis tau teev nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev.
