Cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb: ua tau, cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev sab laj kws kho mob, kev kho mob, kev kho kom rov zoo thiab qhov tshwm sim

Cov txheej txheem:

Cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb: ua tau, cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev sab laj kws kho mob, kev kho mob, kev kho kom rov zoo thiab qhov tshwm sim
Cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb: ua tau, cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev sab laj kws kho mob, kev kho mob, kev kho kom rov zoo thiab qhov tshwm sim

Video: Cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb: ua tau, cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev sab laj kws kho mob, kev kho mob, kev kho kom rov zoo thiab qhov tshwm sim

Video: Cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb: ua tau, cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, kev sab laj kws kho mob, kev kho mob, kev kho kom rov zoo thiab qhov tshwm sim
Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Tumours of the brain stem - neoplasms uas nyob hauv nruab nrab hlwb thiab / lossis medulla oblongata, tus choj. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tam sim ntawd tias cov qauv no tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si benign thiab malignant. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog yog nrog los ntawm cov tsos ntawm ntau yam kab mob neurological. Raws li kev txheeb cais, tus kab mob feem ntau raug kuaj pom nyob rau theem tom qab ntawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab nyuaj kho.

Tau kawg, ntau tus neeg tab tom nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv. Vim li cas pathology tshwm sim? Cov tsos mob ntawm lub paj hlwb qia qog yog dab tsi? Puas muaj kev kho mob zoo? Koj tuaj yeem kwv yees li cas? Cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no tsim nyog nyeem.

Cas of qog formation

Lub paj hlwb qia hlav kwv yees
Lub paj hlwb qia hlav kwv yees

Vim li cas lub paj hlwb puas tsim?Cov laj thawj, hmoov tsis, tsis yog ib txwm meej, vim hais tias cov txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav tsis to taub tag nrho. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau txheeb xyuas qee qhov kev pheej hmoo.

  • Muaj noob caj noob ces. Raws li kev txheeb cais, feem ntau, cov neeg mob qog nqaij hlav hauv lub hlwb muaj cov txheeb ze nrog qee yam qog nqaij hlav.
  • Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb kuj suav nrog qee yam kab mob caj ces, tshwj xeeb, tuberous sclerosis, Turco's syndrome, Recklinghausen's disease, Gorlin's syndrome, thiab lwm yam. Kev muaj cov kab mob no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav hauv hlwb.
  • Ntev mus ntev rau cov tshuaj xws li mercury, arsenic, thiab lead ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
  • Muaj qee pab pawg muaj kev pheej hmoo - cov menyuam hnub nyoog 5 txog 7 xyoos muaj kev pheej hmoo, nrog rau cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 65-70 xyoo.

Tau kawg, ecology tsis zoo, noj zaub mov tsis zoo, cwj pwm tsis zoo, ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm qog noj ntshav, tab sis tsuas yog muaj cov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej.

Kev faib tawm nyob ntawm hom kev loj hlob neoplasm

Tau kawg, niaj hnub no muaj ntau yam kev faib tawm rau tus kab mob no. Thaum kuaj mob, cov kws kho mob tau saib xyuas feem ntau ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav loj hlob. Nyob ntawm qhov no, peb daim ntawv tseem ceeb yog qhov txawv.

  • Ib lub qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub hlwb qia yog ib qho neoplasm zoo li lub pob. Nws yog surrounded los ntawm ib tug tuab capsule thiab muaj cov npoo du. Feem ntau xws li cov qog muaj ib feem cystic. Los ntawm txoj kev, yog hais tias tus qauv yog benign,Nws tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm phais.
  • Daim ntawv diffuse yog qhov txaus ntshai ntau dua. Xws li cov qauv tsis muaj ciam teb meej, nws loj hlob mus rau thaj chaw nyob ze, hloov cov hlwb noj qab haus huv. Txhawm rau tshem tawm nws, thaum zam kev puas tsuaj loj rau lub hlwb, yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua. Hmoov tsis zoo, hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob, cov neeg mob muaj cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub paj hlwb. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, qhov mob zoo li no tau kuaj pom ntau zaus.
  • Infiltrative neoplasm yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub qog kuj nyob ib ncig ntawm lub capsule thiab muaj meej npoo. Ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas microscopic, nws tuaj yeem pom tias cov paj hlwb uas nyob ib sab ntawm neoplasm tau maj mam rhuav tshem.

qog ntawm lub paj hlwb qia: duab thiab hom tseem ceeb ntawm neoplasms

Lub paj hlwb qia photo
Lub paj hlwb qia photo

Peb twb tau txiav txim siab txog hom kev loj hlob ntawm benign thiab malignant neoplasms. Tab sis yog tias peb tham txog cov qog ntawm lub paj hlwb, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias muaj ntau ntau yam.

  • Astrocytomas raug kuaj pom hauv 60% ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kabmob no. Fibrillar thiab pilocytic neoplasms yog benign. Tab sis multiforme thiab anaplastic astrocytomas yog malignant, tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev loj hlob sai thiab tsim ntawm metastases.
  • Oligodendrogliomas tsawg dua - txog 8% ntawm cov neeg mob. Xws li neoplasms loj hlob qeeb thiab feem ntau ncav cuag qhov loj.
  • Ependymomas raug kuaj pom hauv 5% ntawm cov neeg mob, feem ntau muaj cov qog nqaij hlav zoo sib xwsme nyuam ntsej muag. Hauv 70%, qhov no neoplasm yog benign. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov kab mob, qhov nce hauv intracranial siab thiab kev loj hlob ntawm hydrocephalus feem ntau pom.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias kev xaiv cov txheej txheem kho mob ncaj qha nyob ntawm hom thiab hom qog loj hlob. Hauv qhov no, kev kuaj mob kom meej yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

theem ntawm tus kab mob kev loj hlob

Ib qog ntawm lub hlwb qia, zoo li yuav luag txhua yam neoplasm, loj hlob thiab tsim nyob rau ntau theem.

  • Thawj theem yog nrog los ntawm kev tsim cov qog me me - nws txoj kab uas hla tsis tshaj peb centimeters. Nws muaj cov npoo ntshiab thiab tsis txuas mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze. Hmoov tsis zoo, theem no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob, yog li tus kab mob no tsis tshua pom nyob rau thawj theem.
  • theem thib ob yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasm - nws qhov loj me twb dhau 3 cm. Txawm li cas los xij, cov qog ua kom pom tseeb. Thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, tab sis cov neeg mob feem ntau sau tawm txhua yam raws li kev mob tshwm sim.
  • Nyob rau theem thib peb, cov qog loj hlob mus rau hauv cov qauv nyob ze, xws li ventricles ntawm lub hlwb.
  • theem plaub tsis yog ib qho qog ntawm lub hlwb lawm xwb. Nyob rau theem no, tus kab mob yog nrog los ntawm kev tsim sai thiab loj hlob ntawm metastases thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Lub sijhawm no, tus kab mob no yuav kho tsis tau.

Major neurological tsos mob

Mob taub hau vim mob hlwb
Mob taub hau vim mob hlwb

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog hlwb tuaj yeem sib txawv. Sawv daws nyob ntawm nonyob ntawm qhov tseeb qhov chaw ntawm neoplasm, nrog rau nws qhov loj me. Feem ntau, cov qog loj hlob compresses cov hlab ntsha, compresses ib feem ntawm lub hlwb, thiab ua rau muaj kev nce siab hauv intracranial siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qauv tsis zoo nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm lub hlwb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lwm qhov ntawm lub paj hlwb.

Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov tsos mob tuaj yeem txheeb pom.

  • Feem ntau cov neeg mob (kwv yees li 90% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg mob) yws txog mob taub hau. Cov kev xav tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau thaj chaw sib txawv. Qhov mob tsis tshua muaj tas mus li - feem ntau nws yog paroxysmal hauv qhov xwm txheej. Qee lub sij hawm nws yog mob, nruab nrab, thiab qee zaum ntse, tearing, yuav luag intolerable. Cov kev xav tsis zoo feem ntau tshwm sim thaum sawv ntxov. Kev mob taub hau tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxhov siab, kev tawm dag zog lub cev, hnoos, nqa hnyav, thiab lwm yam.
  • Feem ntau, nrog rau mob taub hau, kiv taub hau kuj tshwm sim. Cov neeg mob feem ntau hnov mob thiab yws ntawm blackouts thiab tinnitus.
  • Hauv 60% ntawm cov neeg mob, ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob yog xeev siab. Kev tawm tsam feem ntau nrog ntuav, thiab nws tshwm sim tam sim ntawd thiab feem ntau thaum sawv ntxov.
  • Qee zaum koj tuaj yeem pom tias cov neeg mob tuav lawv lub taub hau hauv qhov tsis raug, qhov tsis zoo. Yog li, ib tug neeg reflexively sim ua ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv uas lub qog tsis compress cov hlab ntsha, cranial thiab cervical qab haus huv.
  • Ntau zaus (65% ntawm cov neeg mob) cov qog loj hlob tuaj nrog kev puas hlwb. Qee tus neeg mobua npau taws thiab ntshai, thaum lwm tus, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, raug kev txom nyem los ntawm apathy, qeeb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Muaj ntau yam kev hloov pauv hauv kev nco qab.
  • qaug dab peg yuav tshwm sim.
  • qog nqaij hlav loj hlob cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov muag tsom xam. Kwv yees li 70% ntawm cov neeg mob yws yws ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev nce siab hauv intracranial thiab compression ntawm lub paj hlwb. Muaj o thiab atrophy ntawm lub disc, hemorrhages tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub peridiscal chaw.
  • Nyob rau theem tom qab, bulbar syndrome tuaj yeem txhim kho. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev nyem qee qhov ntawm lub hlwb, nqos teeb meem thiab kev hais lus tsis zoo tshwm sim.
  • Yog cov qog loj hlob zuj zus, ces cov duab ntawm pob txha taub hau yuav hloov - nws cov phab ntsa qee zaum ua nyias, thiab cov sutures diverge. Cov tsos mob zoo li no feem ntau pom hauv cov menyuam yaus.

Focal Symptoms

paj hlwb qia qog cov tsos mob
paj hlwb qia qog cov tsos mob

Qee yam mob tsis tshwm sim hauv txhua tus neeg mob. Lawv txoj kev loj hlob yog txuam nrog focal lesions ntawm lub hlwb. Cov tsos mob no suav nrog:

  • txo qis hauv qhov hnov qab ntawm lub cev (qee zaum txog kev lag ntseg);
  • paresis thiab twitching ntawm qhov muag nqaij;
  • lub cev muaj zog, tshwj xeeb yog teeb meem nrog kev sib koom tes, kev taw qhia hauv qhov chaw, kev hloov pauv hauv kev mus;
  • kev ua txhaum ntawm qhov muag pom thiab pom kev pom;
  • tes tshee;
  • ntsej muag tsis zoo cuam tshuam nrog lub ntsej muag cov leeg tsis muaj zog (piv txwv li luag nyav asymmetrical);
  • nquag dhia hauv ntshav siab.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias thaum cov qog loj hlob tuaj, tus neeg mob qhov mob hnyav zuj zus - tachycardia, cardiomyopathy, dysphagia, thiab ua pa tsis ua haujlwm.

ntsuas ntsuas

Hauv qhov no, kev kuaj mob raws sijhawm thiab raug yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

  • Ua ntej, kev kuaj mob hlwb thiab keeb kwm kho mob raug coj mus.
  • Computer thiab magnetic resonance imaging yog yuav tsum tau. Hauv cov duab, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom cov kab mob, ntsuas qhov chaw thiab qhov loj ntawm cov qog.
  • Ua encephalography thiab echoencephalography. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas no tso cai rau koj los ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb, kuaj pom qhov nce hauv intracranial siab.
  • Angiography ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub hlwb feem ntau ua ntxiv, nrog rau X-ray ntawm pob txha taub hau.

Puas ua haujlwm tau?

paj hlwb qia hlav phais
paj hlwb qia hlav phais

Puas tau kho mob qog nqaij hlav hlwb? Puas muaj kev ua haujlwm tau? Tus neeg mob yuav tsum xav li cas? Cov lus nug no tau nug los ntawm ntau tus neeg.

Txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws phais yog tshem tawm cov qog thaum tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov paj hlwb. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tam sim ntawd tias feem ntau xws li neoplasms yog inoperable. Yog tias cov qog nodular tuaj yeem raug txiav tawm, ces nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog diffuse neoplasms.

Kev ua haujlwm feem ntau yog ua tiav, siv lub laser. Cov txheej txheem no muaj kev nyab xeeb dua, vim tias lub laser beam yog qhov tseeb dua li cov pa scalpel, thiab tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg, tso cai rau koj kom sai sai cauterize cov hlab ntsha puas.

Qee zaumcryotherapy yog ua - cov qog yog kho nrog kua nitrogen, uas tso cai rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlwb hloov.

Lwm yam kev kho mob

paj hlwb qia qog cov tsos mob
paj hlwb qia qog cov tsos mob

Qhov kev ua haujlwm tso cai rau koj tshem tawm cov qog loj nrog cov npoo zoo. Tab sis kev phais yuav tsum tau ua ntxiv los ntawm lwm cov kev kho mob txhawm rau tua cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav uas tseem tshuav.

Tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab txog kev kho mob tus kheej. Ntau tus neeg mob tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev siv tshuaj khomob, uas suav nrog kev noj qee yam tshuaj cytotoxic. Kev kho hluav taws xob kuj tseem pom tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev nthuav tawm cov hlwb tsis zoo rau kev siv hluav taws xob ntau.

Symptomatic therapy

Hmoov tsis zoo, kev kho mob ntawm lub paj hlwb qia nrog cov txheej txheem tau piav qhia saum toj no tsis tas yuav ua tiav. Ntawm qhov tod tes, tus neeg mob tus mob tuaj yeem kho tau nrog cov tshuaj uas raug.

Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj xws li Nurofen, Diclofenac, Prednisolone muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab pab kom sai sai txo qhov mob thiab o. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws mob, antipsychotics yog siv, piv txwv li, Haloperidol. Carbamazepine thiab lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pab tiv nrog qaug dab peg. Qee tus neeg mob xav tau tshuaj tua kab mob.

Tumour of brainstem: prognosis for patient

Tumor ntawm lub paj hlwb stem diagnosis
Tumor ntawm lub paj hlwb stem diagnosis

Tus neeg mob qhov kev kuaj mob zoo li cas tuaj yeem xav tau?Yuav hais li cas tus neeg mob? Lub paj hlwb qia hlav yog ib yam kab mob txaus ntshai. Hauv qhov no, kev kuaj mob raws sijhawm thiab kev pib kho sai yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

Hmoov tsis zoo, ib qho neoplasm tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tsis tshua muaj kev phais. Yog hais tias peb tab tom tham txog ib tug benign qog, ces nws feem ntau loj hlob maj mam - ib tug neeg muaj peev xwm nyob rau 10-15 xyoo yam tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm cov mob loj heev neurological mob los yog cov tsos mob. Nrog rau cov qauv malignant, qhov xwm txheej txawv - feem ntau cov kab mob yuav tuag nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos (thiab qee lub hlis) tom qab thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Kev saib xyuas kev kho mob tuaj yeem ua kom lub neej ntev ntawm tus neeg mob, tab sis, hmoov tsis, nws tsis pab kom tshem tau cov qog.

Pom zoo: