Puas tau kuaj tus menyuam qhov hnov lus? Dab tsi yog txoj hauv kev los kuaj xyuas nws? Qhov no yog ib lo lus nug uas txhawj xeeb txog ntau lab tus niam txiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau tus menyuam mos thiab muaj kev xav tias muaj peev xwm sib txawv ntawm cov qauv.
Kev tshuaj xyuas lub suab ntawm cov menyuam yaus yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev saib xyuas kev hnov lus, vim tias cov kab mob hauv lub cev yuav tsum tau kho raws sijhawm.
Yuav ntsuas tus menyuam qhov hnov lus li cas?
Cov tshuaj niaj hnub muaj peev xwm tsis muaj (tsawg kawg) 20 xyoo dhau los, uas tso cai rau kuaj pom muaj lossis tsis pom qhov hnov mob txawv txav tam sim tom qab yug me nyuam.
Lub sijhawm xyoo ntawm kev txhim kho audiology, ntau yam kev paub muaj txiaj ntsig tau sau tseg, thiab ntau txoj hauv kev kuaj thiab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev hnov qab hauv cov menyuam mos tau tsim, nrog rau kev pab hnov lus ntxov rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 txog rau 6lub hlis uas muaj qhov txawv txav.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nws tsis tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov hnov ntawm tus menyuam yaus, ib yam li hauv cov neeg laus, vim qhov no yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem kuaj mob ntau dua. Txoj haujlwm no tsis yooj yim thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, txij li thaum pom tus kab mob ua ntej, qhov kev pom zoo rau kev kho kom rov zoo dua yuav zoo dua. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kuaj mob ntawm kev hnov lus tsis zoo hauv cov menyuam yaus yog qhov raug thiab ua tiav ntawm cov yeeb yam uas tso cai rau koj los qhia txog lub tswv yim los tawm tsam tus kabmob.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj tau qhov hnov lus ntawm tus menyuam hnub nyoog ib hlis?
Kev kuaj mob zoo ntawm cov menyuam yaus tau tshwm sim ua tsaug rau cov txheej txheem tsim rov qab rau xyoo 1976 los ntawm Debra Hass thiab James Jerger. Nws lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog tias hauv kev kho menyuam yaus, kev kuaj mob kom raug tuaj yeem ua nrog tsuas yog ob peb qhov kev sim, tsis yog ib qho xwb. Yog li, kev kuaj mob ntawm tus menyuam lub peev xwm hnov lus yuav tsum suav nrog kev coj tus cwj pwm audiometry, nrog rau cov kev tshawb fawb dav dav hauv qhov nyuaj. Cov kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no muaj xws li:
- Kev coj cwj pwm audiometry (nyob ntawm tus menyuam lub hnub nyoog).
- Audiometry objective.
- Audiometry impedance.
- Kev sau npe ntawm otoacoustic emissions.
- Short-latency auditory evoked muaj peev xwm kaw.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev coj tus cwj pwm ntsuas lub suab yuav tsum tau lees paub los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub hom phiaj audiometry, vim tias txhua qhov kev sim pab cais cov cheeb tsam xav tau.auditory organ.
Tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm cov txiaj ntsig, tus kws kho mob sau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv rau hauv ib qho thiab rov tsim cov duab tiag tiag ntawm tus menyuam tus mob. Tab sis tus kws tshaj lij audiologist sim cov me nyuam hnov lus li cas? Raws li cov ntsiab cai dav dav ntawm kev kuaj mob hauv cov menyuam mos, tus kws kho mob ntsib kev coj tus cwj pwm hauv kev teb rau lub suab stimulus, tom qab ntawd nws txiav txim siab.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev mob siab rau muaj li cas?
Qhov kev kuaj mob no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Sau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov ua tau ntawm kev hnov mob pathology.
- Kev tshawb fawb ntawm ENT kab mob.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub, kev yug menyuam thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv thawj lub limtiam ntawm lub neej.
- Kuaj xyuas qhov txawv txav ntawm caj ces thiab lawv qhov cuam tshuam tau.
- Sau daim ntawv nug rau cov niam txiv tuaj yeem ntsuas tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm tus menyuam raws li hnub nyoog.
- ABR tshuaj ntsuam xyuas qhov hnov lus hauv cov menyuam mos tom qab yug me nyuam. Nws yog tus uas tso cai rau koj tshem tawm lossis txiav txim siab auditory neuropathy.
Kev ua txhaum cai
Nrog cov kab mob no, pob ntseg sab hauv ua haujlwm raws li qhov xav tau, tab sis qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog nyob hauv nruab nrab lossis hauv lub pob ntseg sab nraud. Cov kev cuam tshuam zoo li no feem ntau yog ib ntus thiab kho tau, thiab ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tuaj yeem yog cov kab hluav taws xob uas txhaws lub pob ntseg nqaim thiab sawv ntawm lub suab mus rau pob ntseg.
Sensoneural disorders
Nrog cov kab mob ntawm lub suab patencyQhov ua rau yog pathology ntawm pob ntseg sab hauv, uas, hmoov tsis, tsis tuaj yeem kho. Tej zaum yuav muaj ntau qhov laj thawj rau qhov tsis xws luag, thiab cov tseem ceeb yog:
- kab mob caj ces uas tsis hnov lus tshwm sim;
- tus kab mob kis tus kab mob niam mis thaum cev xeeb tub;
- pathological toxicosis;
- noj tshuaj tua kab mob;
- birth trauma;
- nub yug asphyxia;
- muag ntxov ntxov;
- Tus kab mob menyuam yaus (encephalitis, meningitis, ua npaws liab, mob khaub thuas).
Hearing test
Txawm tias muaj kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, tsis yog txhua lub tsev kho mob poj niam niaj hnub no tau nruab nrog cov cuab yeej tsim nyog uas tso cai rau kuaj pom qhov tsis hnov lus hauv cov menyuam mos. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tus menyuam tsis tau kuaj xyuas tam sim tom qab yug me nyuam, tom qab ntawd me ntsis ntawm qhov txawv txav, coj nws mus rau lub tsev kho mob mus ntsib kws kho mob, otologist lossis otolaryngologist kom sai li sai tau, tsis tas tos rau kev kuaj lub cev, uas feem ntau ua tiav. thaum muaj hnub nyoog plaub hli.
Tus menyuam yug tshiab kuaj tau li cas?
Qhov tseeb tias tus menyuam hauv plab hnov suab tau raug pov thawj ntev. Tab sis qee tus menyuam yaus nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm kev ntsiag to thiab tsis muaj zog, thiab raws li kev txheeb cais, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov no yog hais txog 15: 1000, thiab cov laj thawj rau qhov no tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Nws tsis tuaj yeem kuaj tus menyuam qhov kev hnov lus tsis tau kuaj, vim tus menyuam tsis tuaj yeem qhia koj seb nws hnov ib yam dab tsi lossis tsis tau. Thiab nws yog ua tiav nroglub sensor tshwj xeeb uas xa cov suab tshwj xeeb, thiab cov lus teb ntawm cochlea raug xa mus rau lub microphone tshwj xeeb thiab kaw. Tom qab ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv tau txais raug tshuaj xyuas, thiab tus kws kho mob tau txais ib lub tswv yim txog lub xeev ntawm hnov lus ntawm tus menyuam mos.
Tom qab lees paub qhov sib txawv, ASEP txoj kev (luv-latency auditory evoked muaj peev xwm) raug sau tseg, uas tso cai rau txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm kev hnov mob pathologies. Tom qab ntawd, acoustic impedancemetry tau raug sau tseg, uas pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kua dej hauv lub pob ntseg lossis ua txhaum txoj haujlwm ntawm pob ntseg kwj dej.
Baby Parent Test
Tam sim tom qab yug menyuam, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau lub suab stimuli. Yog tias nws niaj hnub tsis saib xyuas lawv, ces koj yuav tsum ceeb toom thiab teb koj tus kheej cov lus nug hauv qab no:
- Koj tus menyuam puas hnov suab nrov?
- Nws puas khov los ntawm lub suab nrov nrov hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm lub neej?
- Puas yog tus menyuam muaj 1 hli tig los hnov lub suab tom qab?
- Tus menyuam muaj 3 hli puas hnov niam lub suab?
- Tus me nyuam plaub hlis ua li cas rau lub suab nrov, nws tig taub hau li cas?
- Koj tus menyuam hnub nyoog 2-4 hli puas tau kawm ua ke?
- Puas nws hais lus thaum muaj tsib lub hlis?
- Tus menyuam puas ua suab tshiab thaum muaj kaum hli?
- Tus menyuam puas nkag siab lub ntsiab lus xws li "daddy", "niam", "miv","ua tsis tau", "bye" lossis "nyob zoo" thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum hli?
- Nws hais lus yooj yim thaum muaj ib tug?
Yog koj tuaj yeem teb tau rau tag nrho cov lus nug saum toj no, ces tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb.
Kev xeem rau menyuam yaus tom qab ib xyoos
Tom qab ib xyoos, tus menyuam loj tuaj thiab sib txawv yooj yim dua rau kev pom, qhov tseem ceeb yog ua tib zoo mloog thiab paub cov lus teb rau cov lus nug hauv qab no:
- Tus me nyuam puas pom tias muaj ib tus neeg tham nrog nws yog tias nws tsis pom nws?
- Koj tus menyuam puas nug dua thaum koj nrog lawv tham?
- Tus me nyuam puas ua tib zoo mloog lub ntsej muag ntawm tus neeg hais lus?
- Nws puas tig lub ntim hauv TV ntau dhau lawm?
- Koj puas tau pom tias tus menyuam tsis hnov lub suab hauv xov tooj? Nws puas muab lub xov tooj tso rau hauv ib pob ntseg thiab lwm tus?
Yog koj xav tau cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas kuaj qhov hnov lus ntawm tus menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos, saib nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov suab nrov ntawm cov khoom ua si suab paj nruag (harmonica, nruas lossis yeeb nkab). Tus me nyuam taug kev hauv qhov chaw li cas thaum koj ntaus suab, txav tawm ntawm nws lub zeem muag? Yog tias nws tig nws lub taub hau, khov, pib txav mus los hauv kev tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw ntawm qhov khaus, ces txhua yam zoo thiab tsis muaj laj thawj rau kev txhawj xeeb.
Pom pom qhov sib txawv no, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob rau cov lus qhia thiab kev npaj ua ntxiv.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim nyog yog tus menyuam loj dua?
Yuav ntsuas tus menyuam qhov hnov lus li caslaus? Yog tias nws twb tau hais cov lus zoo thiab meej, ces koj tuaj yeem paub txog lub xeev ntawm kev hnov lus nrog kev pab ntawm kev hais lus. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum txav deb ntawm tus me nyuam los ntawm 6 meters thiab hais ntau yam lus nyob rau hauv ib tug ntxhi los ntawm qhov kev ncua deb. Ua ntej, nws yuav tsum tau ntsib koj nrog nws sab xis (nrog nws sab laug pob ntseg ntsaws nrog paj rwb), thiab ces vice versa. Yog hais tias tus me nyuam tsis hnov cov lus, ces qhov kev ncua deb yuav tsum tau maj mam txo, nws yuav tsum rov hais dua cov lus koj hais. Txhawm rau kom tus menyuam nyiam, koj tuaj yeem xav txog txhua yam ua si lom zem.
Yuav ua li cas?
Txij thaum kuaj pom qhov tsis hnov tsw ntawm tus menyuam, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, koj yuav tsum xav txog kev yuav khoom siv lub mloog pob ntseg, vim tias qhov kev yuav khoom raws sij hawm yuav cia tus me nyuam hloov mus rau hauv zej zog thiab lub ntiaj teb ib puag ncig nws.. Nws lub neej yav tom ntej yog nyob ntawm qhov no.
kev xaiv pab mloog yuav tsum ua raws li qhov ua tau zoo, vim nws kav ntev, qhov zoo dua.
Yog tias koj ua qhov kev kuaj mob hauv lub chaw tshwj xeeb rau kev kho cov menyuam yaus uas muaj teeb meem hnov lus, feem ntau yuav, cov kws paub txog kev paub yuav xaiv cov cuab yeej raug cai ntawm qhov chaw, uas, ntawm chav kawm, yuav txuag koj ob lub sijhawm thiab paj hlwb. Tom qab tag nrho, lub pob ntseg pob ntseg yog ib qho khoom plig nkaus xwb, thiab kev xaiv yuav tsum tau ua raws li: lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam mos, zaus, qhov loj ntawm lub pob ntseg, nrog rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov kab mob ENT. Yog li ntawd, thaum teb cov lus nug ntawm qhov twg koj tuaj yeem kuaj koj tus menyuam qhov hnov lus, koj yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm ntau yam.
Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 15 xyoos tuaj yeem siv cov khoom siv tom qab pob ntseg. Thaum lub sij hawm rov qab los, txhua lub peb hlis ntuj ntawm tus me nyuam yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb uas saib xyuas qhov zoo ntawm lub cev thiab kho cov kev pab cuam hnov lus, vim tias qhov txias me ntsis cuam tshuam nws qhov chaw. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua ua qhov no ntawm koj tus kheej, vim hais tias ib qho kev xaiv tsis raug ntau zaus los yog nce ntim tuaj yeem ua tiav atrophy dab tsi yog sab laug ntawm lub paj hlwb. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau mus koom cov chav kawm tshwj xeeb rau cov me nyuam lag ntseg, uas yog qhia los ntawm cov kws paub txog audiologists, thiaj li yuav qhia lawv mloog thiab hais lus kom raug.
