Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tib txoj kev txhim khu kev qha los tiv thaiv koj tus menyuam los ntawm kev mob hnyav. Hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej, tus menyuam tau txais koob tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau tshaj plaws. Rau kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv kab mob tetanus, hnoos hawb pob, kab mob diphtheria thiab poliomyelitis, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Tetraxim tuaj yeem siv tau. Cov tshuaj muaj qhov ua kom huv huv thiab siv tau los txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam yaus txij li peb lub hlis.
Kev piav qhia ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Hauv cov menyuam yaus, qee yam kab mob nyuaj tshwj xeeb. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob kis kab mob thiab tiv thaiv tus menyuam los ntawm qhov tshwm sim loj, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv niaj hnub. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem no suav hais tias feem ntau lees txais. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus menyuam yug tshiab hauv tsev neeg, ntau tus niam txiv tau xav txog qhov yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Los ntawm kev kawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, ib tus tuaj yeem dawm raws li kev tawm tsam.
Tetraxim yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo heev,uas, raws li cov lus qhia, muaj peev xwm txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob loj xws li hnoos hawb pob, diphtheria, tetanus thiab poliomyelitis (hom 3). Cov tshuaj no yog tsim los ntawm Fabkis lub tuam txhab Sanofi Pasteur, lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws chaw tsim tshuaj tiv thaiv tib neeg.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv kev ncua kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular. Ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv (0.5 ml) yog nyob rau hauv ib lub koob txhaj tshuaj. Daim ntawv tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj no yooj yim heev rau siv thiab tsis suav nrog kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau.
Cov khoom sib xyaw muaj cov khoom hauv qab no:
- tetanus toxoid - tsawg kawg 40 IU;
- pertussis toxoid acellular - tsis tsawg dua 25 IU;
- tus kab mob diphtheria toxoid - tsawg kawg 30 IU;
- filamentous hemagglutinin - 25 mcg;
- poliovirus type 1 - 40 D;
- poliovirus type 2 - 8 D;
- tus kab mob polio hom 3 - 32 D.
Cov khoom xws li Hanks 'qhov nruab nrab, dej rau kev txhaj tshuaj, acetic acid (los yog sodium hydroxide), formaldehyde, aluminium hydroxide, phenoxyethanol yog siv los ua cov khoom pabcuam.
Mechanism of action
Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tsim los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hnoos hawb pob, kab mob diphtheria, tetanus thiab kab mob polio. Cov tshuaj muaj tsuas yog acellular (acellular) antigens ntawm diphtheria thiab tetanus toxoid, inactivated virus ntawm peb hom poliomyelitis thiab cov khoom ntawm cov phab ntsa cell ntawm tus kab mob pertussis.
"Tetraxim" pab tsim lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rau kev tawm tsam ntawm cov kab mob ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm nyob rau lub sijhawm luv. Nws raug pom zoo kom ua tiav cov kev txhaj tshuaj tag nrho. Cov menyuam mos yuav tsum tau txais 3 koob tshuaj Tetraxim thaum lub sijhawm lawv lub neej thib ob.
Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 lub hlis raug tso cai txhaj tshuaj nrog Fabkis txoj kev npaj. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj tseem tsim nyog rau kev rov ua dua tshiab hauv xyoo thib ob ntawm tus menyuam lub neej. Nws tuaj yeem siv los txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv tom qab lwm cov tshuaj yog tias lawv ua rau muaj kev phiv.
Thaum twg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hnoos hawb pob, tetanus thiab diphtheria yog ua raws li txoj kev lees paub. Tag nrho cov analogues ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv tsev (DPT) tiv thaiv cov kab mob uas tau teev tseg yog siv raws li tib lub tswv yim. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Tetraxim tau muab rau tus menyuam peb zaug hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej, pib txij li 3 lub hlis.
Lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 45 hnub. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias yog thawj zaug txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum tus menyuam muaj hnub nyoog peb lub hlis, tom qab ntawd qhov koob thib ob ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem siv tau tsuas yog 4.5 lub hlis, thiab qhov thib peb - ntawm rau lub hlis. Yog tias tsim nyog, tus kws tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem xaiv hom tshuaj tiv thaiv sib txawv. Thawj qhov kev txhaj tshuaj yog ua tiav ib xyoos tom qab txhaj tshuaj kawg.
Kuv puas yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ntej xyoo?
Thaum thawj 12 lub hlis ntawm lub neej, tus me nyuam tau pom tias muaj ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob txaus ntshai. Thawj koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab B yog muab rau tus menyuam thawj hnub tom qab yug me nyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau xyoo tas los no, ntau thiab ntau tus niam txiv tsis kam leestxhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam thaum ntxov. Muaj tseeb yog vim li cas rau qhov no.
Ntau tus kws kho mob uas xav tias lub luag haujlwm rau menyuam yaus lub neej pom zoo tiv thaiv kev txhaj tshuaj thaum thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej. Lub cev tsis muaj zog ntawm tus me nyuam tseem tsis tau npaj txhij los ntsib cov kab mob loj heev, txawm tias cov tsis muaj zog.
Tom qab txiav txim siab tseem txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tus menyuam mus txog ib xyoos, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo ua tib zoo xaiv cov tshuaj. Ntau tus niam txiv tsis kam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv tsev, uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov chaw kho mob menyuam yaus, thiab nyiam yuav cov tshuaj zoo dua tuaj. Kev hloov pauv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DPT yog qhov tseeb ntawm Fabkis Tetraxim tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas ntxiv rau muaj tus kab mob polio uas tsis ua haujlwm.
Yuav ua li cas npaj ib tug menyuam?
Ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus menyuam. Nrog cov tsos mob ntawm kev ntxhov siab, tsis qab los noj mov, ua pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum muab pov tseg. Ob peb hnub ua ntej txhaj tshuaj, koj yuav tsum xeem dhau ib qho kev kuaj ntshav thiab zis. Cov kev tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj yog tsim nyog txhawm rau kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj cov txheej txheem zais hauv lub cev thiab kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ntxiv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj.
Kuv puas xav tau kev sab laj nrog kws kho mob hlwb?
Multicomponent txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ib txwm ua rau cov niam txiv ntshai. Kev npaj Tetraxim, uas muaj kab mob pertussis toxoid, tsis muaj kev zam. Nws yog cov tshuaj no uas feem ntau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm lub cev los ntawm lub paj hlwb. Kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem, nws raug pom zoonrhiav kev kho mob ua ntej. Nws yuav tshuaj xyuas tus menyuam tus mob los ntawm kev rov qab los thiab muaj qhov sib txawv xws li tshee ntawm lub puab tsaig, cramps.
Qee zaum, tus menyuam raug tshuaj xyuas ultrasound ntawm lub hlwb, neuronosography. Kev kuaj mob tso cai kom tsis suav nrog kev kub siab intracranial thiab lwm yam kab mob neurological. Rau cov menyuam yaus ua rau qaug dab peg thaum qhov kub nce mus txog 38-39 ° C, cov kws kho qhov muag pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsis muaj kab mob pertussis toxoid.
Thaum twg tsis tau txhaj tshuaj?
Txhua cov tshuaj siv los txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus muaj nws cov contraindications. Kev txhaj tshuaj nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke "Tetraxim" tsis tau ua thaum muaj qhov sib txawv hauv qab no:
- tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis haum rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yav dhau los;
- hypersensitivity rau lub Cheebtsam ntawm cov tshuaj;
- ncephalopathy;
- yug lub taub hau raug mob;
- bronchial hawb pob;
- ntuav qaug dab peg;
- tus me nyuam muaj cov tsos mob ntawm SARS.
Nyob rau tom kawg, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tau ncua ib ntus. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias Tetraxim, zoo li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP hauv tsev, suav tias yog qhov muaj zog heev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Tetraxim tau ua kom huv dua, uas txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem nyuaj. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog siv ceev faj rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj thrombocytopenia.
tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li cas?
Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tus menyuam yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaivchaw ua haujlwm los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob tshwj xeeb. Ua ntej txhaj tshuaj, tus nais maum yuav tsum co lub koob txhaj tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj kom txog rau thaum lub homogeneous dawb ncua kev kawm ntawv yog tsim. Ua kev txhaj tshuaj tsuas yog intramuscularly.
Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ob xyoos raug pom tias txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov leeg sab hauv sab hauv (anterolateral) ntawm tus ncej puab. Cov menyuam yaus tau txhaj tshuaj Tetraxim hauv lub xub pwg leeg.
Ua ntej txhaj tshuaj, nco ntsoov tias rab koob tsis nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Intravenous thiab subcutaneous tswj cov tshuaj yog txwv.
Kev sib cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Cov chaw tsim khoom thov tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Tetraxim tuaj yeem siv ib txhij nrog lwm cov tshuaj. Ib qho kev zam tsuas yog kev kho mob immunosuppressive. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem muab nrog rau cov kab mob qhua pias, mumps thiab rubella rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Kev txhaj tshuaj ib txhij nrog Act-HIB thiab Tetraxim tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov menyuam yaus.
Side effects
Ib tshuaj purified heev tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub cev, tsis zoo li nws cov khoom siv hauv tsev, DTP tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov teeb meem ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj yog feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug me ntsis redness ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev tshwm sim hauv yuav luag txhua tus menyuam. Tsawg feem ntau muaj cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj thiab mob siab. Cov tsos mob zoo sib xws feem ntau tshwm sim hauv thawj 48 teev tom qab txhaj tshuaj.
Kub kuj ua taulub cev kub txog 38 ° C. Cov niam txiv ntawm 10% ntawm cov menyuam tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv Tetraxim ntsib cov teebmeem no. Kev tshuaj xyuas qhia tias tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov menyuam yaus yuav tsis qab los noj mov, qee zaum pw tsaug zog tsis zoo, thiab khaus khaus tshwm. Yog tias tsim nyog, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj tua kab mob.
Kev tiv thaiv kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug tuaj yeem pom tau tias yog mob ceg. Cov tsos mob no feem ntau ploj tag nrho tom qab 24 teev. Yog tias qhov mob tsis ploj mus, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab los ntawm kws kho mob.
Yog tias tus menyuam yaus muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj tom qab noj tshuaj, urticaria, khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij yuav tshwm sim. Rau cov menyuam yaus, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom pib tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov hnub nyoog tsim nyog ob peb hnub ua ntej txhaj tshuaj.
Pentaxim lossis Tetraxim? Reviews
Lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrov los ntawm Fab Kis cov chaw tsim khoom Sanofi Pasteur yog Pentaxim. Cov cuab yeej kuj yog npaj rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob diphtheria, tetanus thiab hnoos hawb pob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ke tso cai rau lub cev tsim kev tiv thaiv kab mob Haemophilus influenzae thiab peb hom kab mob siab. Tus kab mob tetanus toxoid tau ua ke nrog cov tshuaj hemophilic hauv ib lub syringe cais.
"Pentaxim" yog ib qho ntawm ob peb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tso cai rau koj tau txais kev tiv thaiv tam sim ntawm 5 kab mob uas txaus ntshai rau tus menyuam. Yog tias tsis xav tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hemophilic, Tetraxim yuav tsim nyog rau tus menyuam. Tus nqi ntawm cov nyiaj yog kwv yees li 300 rubles.
Ob qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim nyogntau cov lus pom zoo. Ntau tus niam txiv yuav cov tshuaj no los tiv thaiv lawv cov menyuam kom nyab xeeb. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias "Pentaxim" muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm poliomyelitis. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv txuas ntxiv nrog kev pab ntawm "nyob" tee. Tus kws tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kheej rau tus menyuam.
