Hlau yas rau cov hniav yog tseem nrov, vim tsis muaj dab tsi ntau txhim khu kev qha thiab muaj zog nyob rau hauv prosthetics tseem tsis tau tsim. Cov khoom zoo li no tau hnav los ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv txij thaum ub, thiab lawv tseem ua haujlwm rau tib neeg nrog lawv cov kav ntev. Txawm hais tias lub ntsej muag ntawm cov yas yog nyob deb ntawm qhov txaus nyiam tshaj plaws, tus nqi thiab qhov zoo sib xws rau kev muaj tiag.
One-thooj cam khwb cia yas yog cov khoom siv hlau uas yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam alloys ntawm titanium hlau, chromium-cob alt, chromium-nickel, thiab nws tsim yog cam khwb cia tag. Qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov yas yas no yog cov khoom siv zom zaws ntawm cov hniav. Qhov no yog vim lawv qhov zoo nkauj tsis zoo.
A (hlau) cam khwb cia yas yog suav tias yog cov khoom lag luam siab, uas, txawm tias nws muaj xim hlau, zaum nruj heev hauv qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Cov kaus mom no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov hniav nyob deb.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom castings
Cov khoom siv no muaj ntau qhov zoo, xws li:
- Nyob zoo rau cov ntaub so ntswg.
- Kev nyab xeeb (cov hniav yuav tsis tawg lossis nti).
- Ntawm lub cev anatomical zoo.
- Tus nqi me me piv rau lwm tus phooj ywg.
- Tsis tshem tawm cov hniav tawm tsam.
- Zoo heev rau rov ua haujlwm zom zaws.
Yog vim li cas rau kev teeb tsa
Cov kws tshaj lij qhia muab cov yas yas tsuas yog hauv qee kis yog tias:
- rhuav tshem cov hniav uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau zom;
- lub puab tsaig kab seem pom pom;
- tus hniav raug mob lossis raug mob;
- Implants ntawm kuv cov hniav.
Txhawm rau xa cov khoom zoo li no, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho hniav orthopedic tsawg kawg ob zaug. Ua ntej, tus kws kho mob yuav tau paub txog x-rays ntawm lub qhov ncauj lub puab tsaig, ces nws yuav pib kho caries rau cov hniav uas cov hlau crowns yuav muab ntsia. Los ntawm qhov chaw uas tig los yog npaj, cov hlab ntsha raug tshem tawm.
Metal crown: hom
Raws li txoj cai, thaum tus neeg mob nrhiav kev pab los ntawm kws kho hniav kom tso lub hau hlau, nws muaj ob txoj kev xaiv nyob ntawm txoj kev tsim khoom:
- Ib daim casting. Nws yog ua raws li tshwj xeeb casts los ntawm firing nyob rau hauv ib tug kiln. Xws li lub kaus mom yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov phab ntsa tuab, uas cuam tshuam rau nws lub neej kev pabcuam. Nws yog tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus (chromium, nickel, steel alloys) thiab noble (platinum, palladium, kub, nyiaj) hlau. Vim cov xim hlau xim, cov khoom yog prosthetictsuas yog lateral hniav muab zais thaum sib tham. Lawv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv cov hniav zom hniav, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom hnyav.
- A stamped crown yog ib lub tes tsho uas yog hauv av los ntawm lub tshuab tshwj xeeb kom muab cov khoom raws li qhov xav tau.
Cov khoom zoo li no suav tias yog qhov kev xaiv txhim khu kev qha rau cov khoom siv dag zog thiab tau teeb tsa los ntawm cob alt-chromium alloy. Lub crown (hlau) muaj ib qho txiaj ntsig indisputable - nws tsis muaj cov pob qij txha, thiab qhov no ua rau nws muaj zog tshwj xeeb. Nws zoo npog cov hniav tig, tsis tso cai rau cov cement sib tov kom yaj thiab txo qhov kev nkag mus ntawm cov zaub mov hauv qab nws. Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm yog 15-20 xyoo. Kev tsim ntawm ib lub kaus mom muaj ntau yam khoom:
- prosthesis casting;
- npaj cov hniav (tshem tawm ntawm 0.2 txog 0.6 hli ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg);
- tsim khoom siv quav ciab los ntawm qhwv;
- tas, haum, sib tsoo, polishing hlau nto;
- Tsim kev xav nrog rau kev tawm tsam thiab cov hniav uas nyob ib sab.
Sample ntawm cov khoom xws li
Hnub no, cov khoom siv hlau tau muab tso rau hauv lub chaw kho hniav orthopedic (kev tshuaj xyuas txog lawv los ntawm cov neeg mob feem ntau tsuas yog hnov zoo) ntawm ntau hom:
- Tsis muaj tshuaj tsuag - cov khoom siv xim hlau yooj yim.
- Tshuaj. Yog tias qhov "kev zoo nkauj" tsis haum rau tus neeg mob, yog tias nws xav tau, cov yas tuaj yeem ua nrog cov txheej txheem kub.
- Cov. Cov khoom lined nrog ceramics yog suav tias yog qhov zoo nkauj dua. Lawv sab pem hauv ntej yog them nrog ceramic overlay. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum ceev faj heev thaum noj mov, vim tias cov ceramics tuaj yeem chipped.
- sib tov. Nrog rau qhov no prosthetics, ib co ntawm cov crowns npog nrog ceramics, thaum lwm tus uas muab zais thaum luag nyav yog muab tso rau tsis muaj veneer.
Lawv yog prostheses ua los ntawm lub Hoobkas lub tes tsho, uas tau muab cov duab tsim nyog. Cov khoom sib txawv hauv cov plhaub nyias, yog li tsis tas yuav zom ntau cov ntaub so ntswg. Lub crown (hlau) yog ntsia yog tias tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, thiab 1/3 ntawm cov hniav yog khaws cia. Kub lossis stainless hlau yog siv rau nws cov khoom.
Yooj yim ntawm kev tsim tau txiav txim siab tsis yog tus nqi qis xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub neej luv ntawm cov khoom siv. Kub forged crowns yog tsim los ntawm ib tug alloy uas yog 90% kub.
Cov kauj ruam tsim khoom
Muaj qee cov kauj ruam hauv kev tsim cov yas zoo li no:
- tus neeg mob tau muab cam khwb cia ntawm ob lub puab tsaig los ua qauv ntawm cov khoom, uas yuav tsum tau ua tsis pub dhau 15 feeb, kom txog rau thaum cov khoom raw yog compressed;
- cov kab prosthesis raug cim rau ntawm plaster kom nws tsis tuaj yeem tawm dhau los lossis nqaim;
- tom qab ntawd los ua qauv nrog siv quav ciab, uas yog siv rau saum npoo ntawm plaster - yog li, cov yas (hlau) tau txais cov duab anatomical;
- steel tuag yog tsim raws li tus qauv kos, uas tau tsav mus rau hauv lub tes tsho;
- stamping sab nraud yog ua tiav nrog cov ntsia hlau xovxwm;
- lub thwj raug tshem tawm, thiab cov npoo ntawm cov khoom raug txiav tawm nrog txiab tshwj xeeb.
Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, kev tua hluav taws rov ua dua kom cov hlau ua kom tawv thiab muaj zog. Prosthesis yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj irregularities thiab tawg.
Kev taw qhia rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom lag luam stamped
Cov hlau yas raug ntsia:
- rau qhov ua ntej prosthetics ntawm cov hniav mis ua ntej nws hloov nrog ib tug mus tas li;
- kom txuag tau tus hniav noj qab haus huv;
- yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tus choj;
- yog tus hniav raug mob lossis puas los ntawm cov kab mob uas tsis muaj tseeb yuav rov ua dua tshiab nrog kev txhaws.
txheej txheem ntawm kev txhim kho crowns
Cov xwm txheej zoo li no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv 2 theem:
- Thaum xub thawj, cov khoom tau muab tso rau ib ntus kom tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem soj ntsuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm tus hniav.
- Yog tias tus neeg mob tsis yws txog qhov mob, tom qab ntawd tom ntej mus ntsib lub kaus mom raug tshem tawm, ntxuav ntawm cov cement ua ntej thiab rov nruab, tab sis nrog zinc phosphate lossis iav ionomer cement.
Yog tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm thawj qhov kev teeb tsa nws pom tias cov hlau yas (duab hauv qab) ua rau tus neeg mob tsis xis nyob, ces nws yuav raug tshem tawm thiab rov ua dua.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim tau cov khoom zoo zoo li
Kho kom raug thiab xa tawmcrown:
- txhaj rau lub plhaub ntawm tus hniav;
- muaj tus du, polished;
- sinks rau hauv lub sijhawm so ntawm 0.2 hli;
- reproduces lub anatomical zoo ntawm molar;
- kev sib cuag ntawm cov hniav uas nyob ib sab thiab sab nraud.
Contraindications rau kev teeb tsa
Qee zaum, nws tsis pom zoo kom muab lub kaus mom hlau, yog tias muaj:
- bruxism;
- muaj qhov tsis haum rau cov hlau;
- malocclusion ntawm cov hniav;
- kev puas tsuaj rau tus hniav nyob;
- complex vim tsis zoo zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej cov hniav prosthetics.
Yuav ua li cas puas yog hlau yas
Nyob rau qee lub sijhawm, cov khoom no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj:
- Vim nws qhov kev teeb tsa, galvanic syndrome yuav tshwm sim. Qhov no yog vim kev siv ntau cov alloys los tsim cov qauv orthopedic. Kev sib xyaw cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ua rau tsim cov galvanic tam sim no. Muaj mob taub hau, o, qee yam kab mob, saj ntawm hlau, pw tsaug zog, kub hnyiab hauv qhov ncauj.
- Lub kaus mom (stamped) tsis yog tsim los ntawm tus kheej cam khwb cia, thiab yog li nws tsis haum rau kev kho kom txaus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hniav nyob.
- Cov khoom tsis haum rau cov hniav, tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov phab ntsa, uas cov zaub mov tseem nkag mus. Yog li ntawd, rotting ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv qab nws.
- Cov khoom yas muaj cov thermal conductivity zoo. Yog nws yogmuab tso rau ntawm tus hniav uas tsis yog depulped, ces thaum lub sij hawm txais khoom noj kub, tej zaum yuav tshwm sim.
Tsev siv sijhawm tsis muaj sijhawm
Kev tsim cov yas yas yog "cov tub ntxhais hluas mus ib txhis" thev naus laus zis ntawm ib puas xyoo dhau los, uas tsis tau hloov kho tshiab nyob rau lub sijhawm tsis ntev los no. Nrog rau qee qhov niaj hnub thiab fashionable mus tas li prosthetics, nws tseem nrov li puas tau. Thiab qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, vim tias qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov cuam tshuam yog tus nqi qis ntawm cov khoom siv nrog lub zog siab.
