Astigmatism hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos: tsos mob, kuaj mob, kho

Cov txheej txheem:

Astigmatism hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos: tsos mob, kuaj mob, kho
Astigmatism hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos: tsos mob, kuaj mob, kho

Video: Astigmatism hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos: tsos mob, kuaj mob, kho

Video: Astigmatism hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos: tsos mob, kuaj mob, kho
Video: I Hunted 100 People! 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Ib qho teeb meem pom kev tsis pom kev uas txhua tus neeg ntsib yog astigmatism hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los txheeb xyuas nws hauv tus menyuam mos uas tseem tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia meej txog nws cov kev xav tau thiab cov nuances ntawm kev xav hauv cov lus. Tab sis txij li kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev hauv qhov muag pom tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog 18-20 xyoo, tus yuam sij rau kev noj qab haus huv yog kev kuaj mob ntxov thiab kev kho mob ntawm lub qhov muag los ntawm txoj kev tsis phais. Astigmatism hauv tus menyuam muaj 1 xyoos? Yuav ua li cas thiab yuav tsum xyuam xim rau dab tsi?

Kev kho mob ntawm astigmatism
Kev kho mob ntawm astigmatism

Kev piav qhia kab mob

Astigmatism yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm lub qhov muag kom pom lub teeb ntawm retina. Qhov laj thawj yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm lub qhov muag. Nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau pathology, qhov twg ntawm lub qhov muag tau dhau los ua qhov kev hloov pauv loj tshaj plaws, cov duab dab tsi uas tus neeg mob tau txais, ntau hom kab mob yog qhov txawv:

  1. Lub cornea yog nkhaus. Kev pom qhov tsis xws luag tau hais tau meej heev, tus neeg mob tsis tuaj yeem pom qhov pom tseeb ntawm cov khoom nyob deb lossis ze.
  2. Kev cuam tshuam hauv lub lens yog fraught nrog ob hom kev pom kev cuam tshuam: myopia (myopic astigmatism)thiab farsightedness (hypermetropic astigmatism).
  3. Nyob ntawm tus naj npawb thiab hom kab mob, hom yooj yim yog qhov txawv (ib lub qhov muag raug kev txom nyem), complex (ob lub qhov muag raug kev txom nyem los ntawm tib qho teeb meem), sib xyaw (muaj qhov mob ntawm ob lub qhov muag, tab sis hom kab mob txawv).
  4. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb yog qhov txawv: lub cev nqaij daim tawv (kev ua txhaum me ntsis, mus txog 1 diopter, dhau los ntawm nws tus kheej thaum loj hlob tuaj), caj ces (genetic yam ntxwv ntawm qhov muag pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov txheeb ze cov ntshav), tau (tshwm sim raws li ib tug Kev mob tshwm sim hauv qee cov kab mob ntawm lub qhov muag, lub puab tsaig lossis vim raug mob).
Kev kuaj qhov muag
Kev kuaj qhov muag

Kev faib kab mob

Ib tus kab mob uas qhov pom kev poob qis dua 1 diopter yuav raug kho sai. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub hnub nyoog tsis yog contraindication rau kev kho mob, txij li kev kho tus kheej ntawm lub zeem muag tsuas yog kho nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 0.5-1 diopter. Kev faib tawm ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau theem pib (kom txog thaum cov kab mob satellite tshwm) yog ua raws li qhov hnyav ntawm qhov pom kev txawv txav:

  • tsis muaj zog astigmatism - sib txawv mus txog 3 diopters;
  • nruab nrab - 3 txog 6;
  • strong - ntau dua 6 diopters.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias tus menyuam mos tuaj yeem muaj astigmatism congenital ntawm ob theem tsis muaj zog thiab muaj zog. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua tiav tsuas yog tsawg dua 20% ntawm cov neeg mob. Ib hom kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem yog kev loj hlob ntawm kev pom deb lossis myopia.

Symptomatics in one-year-old

Nws yog lub luag haujlwm ncaj qha ntawm cov niam txiv saib xyuastus menyuam. Qhov no tsis yog hais txog kev ua siab ntev, tab sis hais txog kev ua kom lub cev thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb, ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus cwj pwm, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm kev noj qab haus huv.

Yog vim li cas thiaj kuaj tus kws kho qhov muag hauv thawj 3 lub hlis ntawm lub neej yog qhov muaj nyob hauv anamnesis ntawm ib tus txheeb ze cov ntshav ntawm cov teeb meem tsis pom kev, kev yug me nyuam nyuaj (xws li kev phais mob), niam muaj mob thaum yug me nyuam.

Tom qab lub hli thib rau ntawm lub neej, lawv tuaj yeem ceeb toom:

  • tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom pom kev pom ntawm qhov kev kawm;
  • xeev siab thiab ntuav thaum sim txav ntawm nws tus kheej;
  • fuzziness ntawm grasping reflexes (tus menyuam feem ntau nco dua li ncav tes nrog nws txhais tes);
  • thaum taug kev tas li ntsia hauv qab nws txhais taw, poob kev sib koom tes;
  • txav tau txwv, tsis txaus ntseeg, kev ua lub cev dav dav txo;
  • tig taub hau ntawm ib sab mus rau sab thaum saib yam;
  • squints;
  • ceeb ntau, yws mob taub hau;
  • kev txhim kho lag luam raug pom (tsis muaj peev xwm rov ua dua ib qho kev txav mus rau ib tus neeg, paub txog yam khoom), tsis muaj kev paub txog kev ywj pheej.

Kev soj ntsuam ncaj qha ntawm tus menyuam tsis tau ua tiav, vim cov ntaub ntawv tau txais tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntau: tus menyuam yuav lees paub lossis tsis lees paub txhua yam kom nyiam lossis tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus siab ntawm niam txiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus me nyuam ib txwm pom lub ntiaj teb ntawm nws tus kheej, nws tsuas yog tsis paub tias yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv nws lub zeem muag.

Cov npe ntawm cov tsos mob no kuj qhia taulwm yam kab mob, tab sis kev mus rau tus kws kho qhov muag yog tias kuaj pom tsawg kawg 2-3 qhov tsos mob yog qhov yuav tsum tau.

Astigmatism thiab menyuam yaus
Astigmatism thiab menyuam yaus

Ua rau tus kab mob

Ntau zaus, astigmatism hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob hauv plab, txawm hais tias kev tshawb fawb paub txog keeb kwm ntawm tus kabmob.

Ntxiv rau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic predisposition thiab physiological yam ntxwv, nws yog tsim nyog hais txog cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov me nyuam uas:

  • muaj kev raug mob rau pob txha, daim tawv muag, puab tsaig;
  • raug tus kab mob sib kis loj heev thaum yau;
  • muaj lwm yam kev tsis pom kev, thiab astigmatism tsuas yog lwm qhov ua rau mob hnyav dua.

Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kev pom txhua yam kev pheej hmoo. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tias txawm tias tus menyuam tsis muaj "qhov muag" cov tsos mob yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho qhov muag thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib xyoos.

Kev kuaj kab mob

Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem kuaj tau tsuas yog hauv tus kws kho qhov muag qhov chaw ua haujlwm, thiab tsis nyob hauv tsev lossis ntawm tus kws kho menyuam yaus lub sijhawm.

Ib tug menyuam muaj hnub nyoog ib xyoos raug kuaj pom tias muaj astigmatism raws li tus cwj pwm, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm retinoscopy. Lub sijhawm tag nrho siv rau cov txheej txheem kuaj mob tsis pub dhau 30-40 feeb. Ntau zuj zus, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kuaj mob hauv computer nyuaj tau siv, ua rau nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tsis yog hom kab mob nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev uas ua rau nws, ib hom kev kho tau zoo.

Tus me nyuam muaj astigmatism
Tus me nyuam muaj astigmatism

Kev kho mob

Astigmatism yog ib yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm yam tsis muajphais kev cuam tshuam. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws txhais tau tias kho qhov muag yuav yog tsom iav xaiv tom qab ua tib zoo tshawb fawb. Nrog astigmatism hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 2 xyoos, tej zaum yuav muaj kev txaus siab rau kev ua si nrog tsom iav, thiab tsis yog hnav lawv xwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov lo ntsiab muag muaj qhov ntim loj thiab ib qho curvature. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom cov niam txiv ua siab ntev accustom tus me nyuam mus rau tus neeg laus daim ntawv kho mob - tsom iav.

Thaum tus menyuam muaj 2.5 xyoos, kev kho ntxiv tuaj yeem yog khoom noj khoom haus thiab kev siv cov vitamins, qhov muag te, uas txo qhov kev xav ntawm qhov muag.

Gymnastics rau qhov muag

Txhua hnub qhov muag gymnastics yog lwm qhov kev noj qab haus huv. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev saib cov khoom nyob deb thiab ze nrog ob lub qhov muag, tig nrog ib lub qhov muag, yuav dhau los ua ib txoj hauv kev rau lub hlwb kom tau txais cov duab ib txwm muaj, nrog rau kev ua si. Qhov no yuav pab nrog astigmatism nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam ntawm ib thiab ib nrab xyoo thiab ntau dua. Tab sis yog tus me nyuam loj dua, yuav tsum tau ntsuas ntxiv.

Astigmatism nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam
Astigmatism nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam

Txoj kev hnav lo ntsiab muag

Txij hnub nyoog 8-14 xyoos, cov lo ntsiab muag tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem siv los kho lub qhov muag. Lawv hnav lawv thaum hmo ntuj. Lub hnub nyoog ntawm kev siv yog vim ntau yam:

  • Txog 6-7 xyoo, qhov tsis xws luag cuam tshuam nrog qhov loj lossis qhov muag feem ntau raug tshem tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej.
  • Ib tug menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 7 xyoos tuaj yeem tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam lub cev ntawm lub lo ntsiab muag (rubbing, tshem tawm), uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev raug mob rau lub pob txha.
  • Nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv theem pib thiab cov hluas, sawv dawstseem muaj qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm lub qhov muag, yog li hom kev kho no yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj kev phais tom qab 18 xyoo.

Kev kho mob ntawm comorbidities

Kev kho mob kuj tseem muab rau kev tshem tawm cov kab mob qhov muag sib txuas, kev cob qhia cov paj hlwb hauv lub hlwb. Qhov tseeb yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob rau astigmatism nyob rau hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab tom qab ntawd, lub hlwb tseem ceeb tsis tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm lub qhov muag. Lub qhov muag uas muab cov duab tsis zoo yog thaiv los ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm optic, thiab tej zaum yuav plam lub peev xwm los txais thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv pom.

Koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov ua txhaum cai no yog tias koj npog qhov muag noj qab haus huv rau ob peb teev hauv ib hnub. Hauv qhov no, lub paj hlwb yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau qhov tsis muaj ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev siv ntau dua ntawm cov kab mob qhov muag. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm txoj kev kho no yog txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub zeem muag, ua kom lub qhov muag muaj kab mob nyob rau theem ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm astigmatism hauv cov menyuam yaus
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm astigmatism hauv cov menyuam yaus

Yuav tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob

Astigmatism, yog tias tsis kho, tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov muag tub nkeeg, lossis strabismus. Hauv 20 kis ntawm 100, yuav muaj qhov tsis pom kev mus tas li hauv ib lossis ob lub qhov muag, mus txog qhov tsis pom kev.

"Lazy eye" - poob ntawm lub hlwb lub peev xwm los muab cov ntaub ntawv pom ntawm lub qhov muag kom tau txais cov duab meej. Feem ntau, sim npog, squint ib lub qhov muag, palpable taub hau, kiv taub hau, xeev siab yog ntxiv rau cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm.

Kev kho mob muaj ob ntu: kev tso tseg cov txheej txheem ntxiv ntawm qhov tsis pom kev, kho kho dua tshiab.

Squint tsis yog ib qho kev kho kom zoo nkauj xwb. Tom qab nws yog qhov tsis muaj qhov muag tsis pom kev, kev tsis pom kev tsis pom kev hauv ob lub qhov muag, yuav luag txhua zaus - qhov txo qis hauv cov duab zoo hauv lub qhov muag squinting. Kev kho mob suav nrog cov txheej txheem sib txawv, nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob:

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa phooj ywg sawv daws.

  • laser kho;
  • phais;
  • cov txheej txheem physiotherapeutic tas li rau kev txhim kho thiab sib sau ua ke ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zeem muag.
  • Hyperopia thiab myopia

    Hypermetropic astigmatism hauv tus menyuam muaj 1 xyoos txhais tau tias tsis pom kev ntawm qhov deb. Los ntawm kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tsim kom muaj hom kev cuam tshuam thiab tsom ntawm cov kab teeb ci kom thiaj li tau txais kev kho kom raug thiab hnav lo ntsiab muag ntawm qhov tsim nyog.

    Myopia ib txwm txhais tau tias tsis pom tseeb thaum pom cov khoom sib txawv ntawm qhov deb, tab sis, raws li kev pom kev deb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm tus kab mob. Tsis muaj kev kho mob ntawm ob lub xeem pathologies yog fraught nrog kev loj hlob ntawm strabismus, ruaj khov tsis pom kev.

    Kev kuaj pom ntxov ntawm astigmatism hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos pab tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem loj hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov pom kev pom.

    Kab mob astigmatism hauv cov menyuam yaus
    Kab mob astigmatism hauv cov menyuam yaus

    Kev tiv thaiv kab mob kev loj hlob

    Kev yug me nyuam cov tshuaj niaj hnub no tseem tsis tau kho. Kev npaj yuav pab txo kev pheej hmootus me nyuam los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm caj ces. Piv txwv li, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus me nyuam muaj mob yog siab dua nyob rau hauv ob peb qhov uas muaj tib yam teeb meem tsis pom kev hauv ntau tiam neeg. Yog tias astigmatism tuaj yeem taug qab tsuas yog ntawm leej niam lossis leej txiv, ces qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus menyuam mos yog tsawg.

    Thaum cev xeeb tub, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob raug tshuaj lom ntau li ntau tau, noj zaub mov kom zoo.

    Txij li thaum astigmatism nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam mus txog rau ib xyoos kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lwm yam, lawv saib xyuas:

    1. Qhov teeb pom kev zoo hauv chav uas tus menyuam siv sijhawm ntau tshaj. Qhov ntau ntuj tshav ntuj, qhov zoo dua. Kev siv lub teeb fluorescent hauv chaw zov me nyuam lossis chaw ua haujlwm tub ntxhais kawm yog qhov tsim nyog tsis tau.
    2. Tsis muaj kev ua txhaum cai ntawm lub cev. Kev ua haujlwm tas li thaum ua si, kawm, ua txhaum tsis yog cov pob txha nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj qhov pom kev zoo.
    3. Muaj ntau hom kev thauj khoom ntawm lub qhov muag. Kev tiv tauj tas li nrog lub xov tooj, lub khoos phis tawj saib (cov duab kos duab, kev ua si) yuav tsum hloov pauv (yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom siv) nrog kev taug kev hauv huab cua ntshiab, tsom rau cov khoom sib txawv ntawm ntau yam.
    4. Kev kawm lub cev rau lub qhov muag.
    5. kev kho mob raws sijhawm.
    6. History of neurological tsos mob.
    7. kho raws sijhawm ntawm cov teeb meem qhov muag uas twb muaj lawm.
    8. Complex vitamin khoom noj rau me nyuam.
    9. Qhov tsis muaj yam uas cuam tshuam qhov muag.

    Nco ntsoov, astigmatism yog ib yam kab mob loj heev rau cov menyuam yaus. Tus me nyuam tseem tos qhov kev xeem thiabteeb meem hauv lub neej txhua hnub yog tias cov niam txiv tsis kuaj tus kab mob hauv lub sijhawm thiab tsis qhia tus menyuam mus rau kws kho mob. Rau kev tiv thaiv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov me nyuam mos mus ntsib kws kho mob raws li kev npaj rau kev kuaj lub cev. Tsis muaj teeb meem koj yuav tsum tsis quav ntsej xws li mus ntsib kws kho mob.

    Tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tuaj yeem lav qhov tsis muaj astigmatism 100% hauv tus menyuam keeb kwm, tab sis nrog kev kho raws sijhawm, tus kab mob no dhau los ua qhov tsis xws luag, thiab tsis muaj teeb meem rau lub neej.

    Pom zoo: