Cervical qog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thib ob ntawm cov poj niam cov pej xeem hnub nyoog qis dua 45 xyoo raws li qhov zaus ntawm degeneration mus rau cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav malignant. Thawj yog mob cancer mis. Ntawm chav kawm, lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov kab mob loj ntawm kev ua me nyuam, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv lawv, txhawj xeeb cov poj niam niaj hnub, nrog rau cov niam txiv ntawm cov ntxhais hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, koj tuaj yeem paub txog qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm qog nqaij hlav, kawm txog kev txhaj tshuaj thiab yuav ua li cas cov ntxhais tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav, tshuaj xyuas thiab kev xav txog nws.
Txoj kev pheej hmoo thiab ua rau mob qog noj ntshav
Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias ib qho ntawm feem ntau ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam yog qhov muaj keeb kwm ntawm tib neeg papillomavirus (HPV) hauv cov poj niam, tus kab mob tshwm sim feem ntau los ntawm kev sib deev. Kev siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv thaum muaj kev sib deev yuav tsis tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob, vim tias tus kab mob tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov pores hauv cov latex. Kev kis kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob ntawm daim di ncauj thiab daim tawv nqaij. Tus kab mob no yuav tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev thiab tos rau tej yam kev mob zoo,xws li immunosuppression. Nws tuaj yeem ua pov thawj nws tus kheej ntau xyoo tom qab.
Nyob rau theem pib, tus kab mob no kho tau zoo, yog li kev kuaj mob zoo thiab raws sijhawm yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Cov yam ntxwv txaus ntshai (tshwj tsis yog tib neeg papillomavirus, uas, ib zaug qhia, tuaj yeem ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm tes) rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam yog:
- kev sib deev lub neej uas pib ntxov dhau, cev xeeb tub thaum ntxov (vim qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv tsev menyuam);
- kev sib deev lub neej nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm tus khub;
- haus luam yeeb (vim muaj carcinogens hauv cov pa luam yeeb);
- kab mob thiab kab mob fungal;
- xaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hormonal tsis raug;
- noj ntev, khoom noj tsis zoo nrog tsis muaj cov vitamins.
Txhua xyoo, Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb tau sau txog kwv yees li 500,000 tus neeg mob, thiab kwv yees li 7 lab tus tib neeg kis tus kabmob papillomavirus tib neeg. Nyob rau hauv Russia txhua txhua xyoo 8 txhiab tus neeg ntawm tus kab mob no xaus nyob rau hauv kev tuag ntawm ib tug poj niam. Yog li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb thiab kws kho mob tau mob siab rau tshawb nrhiav, tsim thiab siv txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv tus kab mob no txaus ntshai thiab zoo li no. Ib ntawm lawv yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav.
Yuav txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav li cas
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv, thiab, tau kawg, nws qhov kev ua tsis yog tsom rau kev kho cov qog uas twb muaj lawm. Txij li cov poj niam uas muaj mob qog noj ntshav tau pom tias tau kis tus kab mob tib neeg papillomavirus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, raws li kev txheeb cais, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim tus kab mob hauv yim ntawm kaum tus neeg mob. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau raug qhia thiab siv ntau dua rau caum lub teb chaws hauv ntiaj teb. Qee lub xeev tau muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv qhia hnub txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws. Muaj twb tau txhawb nqa pov thawj los ntawm kev ua tiav kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav.
Piv txwv li, hauv tebchaws Australia, lub xeev nquag txhawb kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav thiab. Lub teb chaws tag nrho muaj cov npe dav dav ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv rau nws cov pej xeem. Australia siv cov xov xwm los tshaj tawm xov xwm, thiab tseem muaj kev txwv tsis pub them nyiaj rau kev sib raug zoo rau kev tsis kam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tsim nyog.
Txij li xyoo 2007, cov menyuam kawm ntawv 12 xyoos tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm no. Cov ntxhais hnub nyoog qis dua 26 xyoos tuaj yeem txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav dawb. Tom qab plaub xyoos, cov txiaj ntsig tau suav nrog thiab qhov txo qis ntawm cov theem ua ntej ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam hauv cov poj niam hluas tau pom, thiab tsis muaj cov kab mob anogenital ntxiv lawm. Tom qab tsib xyoos txij li pib txoj haujlwm no, cov kws kho mob tau txiav txim siab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 14 xyoos txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab txo qis kev kis tus kabmob anogenital hauv cov pejxeem.
Qhov twg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav
Nyob hauv qee thaj tsam ntawm Russia, txij li xyoo 2008, kuj tseem muaj kev tiv thaiv. LEEJ TWG tau pom zoo kom txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv cov menyuam ntxhais hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txhaj tshuaj yog nqa tawm hauv cov menyuam yauschaw kho mob thiab dawb xwb nyob rau hauv ib co cheeb tsam. Rau tus nqi, nws tuaj yeem ua tau ntawm cov chaw kho mob thiab cov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Tej zaum yog vim li cas feem pua ntawm cov neeg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov pej xeem hauv peb lub tebchaws tsawg heev.
Hauv kev xyaum hauv ntiaj teb, siv ob qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv: bivalent - "Cervarix" - thiab quadrivalent - "Gardasil".
hnub nyoog pom zoo txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv
Lub hnub nyoog pom zoo rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav yog 12-14 xyoo (raws li WHO), tab sis muaj hnub nyoog 10-13 xyoo tau pom zoo ntxiv. Txij li thaum tus kab mob papillomavirus kis tau los ntawm kev sib deev, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ntej pib ntawm kev sib deev. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txhaj tshuaj kuj tseem muab rau cov ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog 16-25 xyoo, tom qab ntawd txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv raws li kws kho mob pom zoo.
Kev tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau ua tiav, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej qhia tias kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum muaj hnub nyoog tom qab tuaj yeem tsim nyog. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam daim ntawv hla kev tiv thaiv lwm yam kab mob oncogenic, cervical dysplasia, thiab tseem ua rau muaj kev kawm yooj yim dua thiab kev kho mob ntawm qhov chaw mos.
YGardasil thiab Cervarix
Ob cov tshuaj tau pom zoo siv hauv tebchaws Russia, lawv qhov kev ua yog txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kis tus kabmob HPV ntau yam.
Intramuscular suspension "Gardasil" yog tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab tshuaj muaj npe nrov, tsim los siv cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis tshiab. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog quadrivalent, uas txhais tau hais tias nws tiv thaiv plaub hom kab mob. Tam sim no, twb muaj cuaj-valent txhaj ntawm Gardasil. Xws li kev ua dav dav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv cov tshuaj tsis yog rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm qhov chaw mos, tab sis kuj tseem tiv thaiv qog cov kab mob ntawm cov poj niam thiab txiv neej qhov chaw mos.
"Cervarix" yog cov tshuaj bivalent, nws qhov kev txiav txim yog tsom rau ob hom oncogenic ntawm HPV, tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab tshuaj British. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv qhov kev ncua no yog txhim kho los ntawm AS04 adjuvant system, uas ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntev mus rau kev txhaj tshuaj. Zoo li Gardasil, nws tsuas yog siv intramuscularly.
Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, tsis muaj kab mob nyob los yog tuag, tab sis tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov protein plhaub ntawm tus kab mob uas tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom ntau, tsim nyog rau lub cev los tsim kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau tib neeg papillomavirus. Yog li, cov tshuaj muaj kev nyab xeeb, thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim xws li kab mob HPV thiab kev xeeb tub tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav.
Drug regimens
Ob cov tshuaj tsuas tuaj yeem muab tshuaj intramuscularly. Qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj yog lub xub pwg nyom lossis sab nraub qaum. Ob qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tau muab peb zaug.
- "Gardasil" nyob rau hauv ib lub ntim ntawm 0.5 ml ntawm thawj hnub thiab 2 zaug dua tom qab 2 thiab 6 lub hlis los ntawm thawj zaug txhaj tshuaj nyob rau hauv tib lub ntim. Muaj kev ceev ceev ntawm kev tswj hwm - ib hlis tom qab txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug thiab tom qab ntawd 3 lub hlis tom qab txhaj tshuaj thib ob.
- "Cervarix" kuj tau txhaj peb zaug hauv 0.5 ml, tsis xav tau kev txhaj tshuaj ntxiv vim yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm adjuvant. Kev txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug ntawm ib hnub twg, tom qab ntawd 1ib hlis thiab rau lub hlis tom qab txhaj thawj zaug.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj rau hauv vials lossis hauv cov koob txhaj tshuaj tsis muaj menyuam, hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev ncua, uas txhais tau hais tias thaum lub pob qhib, muaj 2 txheej hauv lub vial (cov dej nag dawb thiab lub teeb ua kua) uas sib xyaw ua ke nrog lub zog co.. Yuav tsum tsis muaj kev suav nrog txawv teb chaws hauv lub vial, koj yuav tsum xyuas seb cov tshuaj puas tau muab khaws cia kom raug thiab seb hnub kawg puas tau tas sij hawm.
Txoj kev cuam tshuam rau kev txhaj tshuaj
Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yuav luag zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau. Kev tshwm sim hauv zos thiab dav dav:
- qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem ua liab lossis o me ntsis, tuab;
- ua xua nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij ua pob khaus thiab khaus;
- lub cev kub tuaj yeem nce, tsis muaj zog, mob taub hau thiab kiv taub hau;
- los ntawm txoj hnyuv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li xeev siab, mob epigastric, ntuav.
Pib nrog, nws yog qhov zoo dua mus ntsib kws kho mob gynecologist, kuaj qhov tsim nyog thiab sib tham nrog tus kws kho mob seb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no puas haum rau koj tus menyuam. Tom qab cov txheej txheem, nws yog qhov zoo dua los nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob rau 30 feeb thiab tshaj tawm cov kev tshwm sim tsis zoo.
Kev kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo yog cov tsos mob: antipyretic, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv feem ntau ploj mus tom qab ob peb hnub.
YContraindications
Zoo li txhua yam tshuaj, tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj contraindications rau kev siv:
- tus neeg intolerance rau cov khoom lossisKev tsis haum tshuaj loj rau thawj zaug txhaj tshuaj;
- kev mob kis mob ntev;
- nce lub cev kub, mob;
- ntshav txhaws tsis zoo yog ib qho kev txheeb ze contraindication.
Thaum cev xeeb tub thiab rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 9 xyoos, yuav tsum tsis txhob siv tshuaj, vim tias nws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov neeg mob no tau kawm tsis zoo.
Cov kev xav txog kev txhaj tshuaj: qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Tau kawg, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav tau qhia tsis ntev dhau los, thiab kev sib cav nyob ib puag ncig nws txuas ntxiv mus txog niaj hnub no. Tom qab tag nrho, nws paub tias 15-20 xyoo tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm kev kis tus kab mob papillomas mus rau lawv txoj kev hloov mus rau cov qog, thiab, yog li ntawd, lub sijhawm txaus tsis tau dhau mus txij li nws cov lus qhia los tham nrog kev ntseeg siab txog qhov txiaj ntsig zoo.
Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau muab 100% kev lav phib xaub ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov qog, vim tias, thawj zaug, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam laj thawj, thiab qhov thib ob, kev npaj muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb ntawm HPV, tab sis, raws li koj paub., tsis yog tag nrho.
Ib qho zoo tsis muaj xwm txheej, raws li kev xav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav, yog qhov kev qhia ntxov ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no rau cov ntxhais tau lees tias kev tiv thaiv tib neeg cov kab mob papillomavirus. Tus poj niam uas mob qog noj ntshav hauv tsev menyuam tsuas yog nce ntxiv txhua xyoo, thiab kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tib txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv tus kabmob niaj hnub no.
tshuaj xyuas tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav
Raws li cov kev xav uas tib neeg nthuav tawm hauv Is Taws Nem, peb tuaj yeem xaus qhov ntawdkev paub txog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv no ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm peb lub teb chaws tsawg heev. Yeej, cov no yog cov neeg uas yog categorically tiv thaiv txhua yam tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lawv xa mus rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg uas tham txog cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hlau hnyav hnyav, kev xeeb tub tom qab txhaj tshuaj, hais txog "kev koom tes" ntawm Asmeskas cov tshuaj, thiab lwm yam.
Cov kev xav ntawm cov neeg uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm HPV, kev hem thawj ntawm mob qog noj ntshav hauv tsev menyuam los ntawm cov poj niam kab, yog qhov tsis zoo, lawv tau ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no rau lawv tus kheej thiab yav tom ntej rau lawv cov ntxhais. Tsis tas li ntawd nthuav txog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav yog kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm peb cov pej xeem nyob txawv teb chaws (hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Australia). Hauv cov tebchaws no, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog niaj hnub muab thaum cov ntxhais tau mus txog lub hnub nyoog tsim nyog rau kev txhaj tshuaj. Lawv ntseeg tias qhov kev hem thawj ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav yog qhov hnyav dua li qhov ua tau ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim, thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo hauv lawv qhov chaw.
In xaus
Txawm yuav siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav los yog tsis yog los ntawm tus me nyuam niam txiv los yog tus poj niam nws tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, xws li kws kho menyuam yaus, gynecologist, oncologist. Tshawb nrhiav cov theem ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob, tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob qog ntawm qhov chaw mos.
