X-ray ntawm lub puab tsaig yog ib qho txheej txheem uas feem ntau muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tuaj koom los kuaj xyuas ib tus kab mob tshwj xeeb. Daim duab no yuav tso cai rau koj kuaj xyuas ntau yam teeb meem ntawm lub taub hau, cov hniav, cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub puab tsaig tag nrho. Cov kev tshawb fawb no tau sau tseg tsis yog los ntawm kws kho hniav nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj los ntawm maxillofacial thiab cov kws phais yas, nrog rau lwm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. X-ray ntawm lub puab tsaig, noj ua ntej thiab tom qab kev kho mob, tuaj yeem siv thoob plaws lub neej raws li cov ntaub ntawv uas muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntxaws txog tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv.
Cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub ua rau nws tuaj yeem ua x-ray yam tsis muaj teeb meem rau lub cev. Qee hom kev kuaj mob no tsis yog contraindicated txawm rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Cov txheej txheem xoo hluav taws xob tshiab kawg tso cai rau cov txheej txheem ua tiav hauv tsawg dua 30 vib nas this thiab tsis muaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo.
X-ray hauv kev kho hniav
Ua ntej pib kho, txhua tus kws kho hniav lossis kws kho hniav yuav tsum tau sau x-ray ntawm lub puab tsaig, vim tias tsis muaj nws tsuas yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog qhov mob ntawm cov hniav. Nws yog X-ray kev kuaj mob uas qhia qhov tseeb ua rau mob, pom tsis pom kev thiab lwm yam teeb meem uas tsis tuaj yeem pom los ntawm sab nraud. Kev kuaj x-ray yuav qhia tau tias muaj cov cyst, kab mob sib txuas, kab mob abscess, osteomyelitis, lossis tawg ntawm lub puab tsaig. Nws kuj tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum txhim kho kev cog hniav. Txoj kev tshawb no tso cai rau koj kom paub seb qhov kev cog hniav los yog lub puab tsaig prosthesis tau zoo npaum li cas. Tus kws kho hniav orthodontist, ua ntej txhim kho lub bracket system rau kho cov hniav, kuj tseem yuav muab x-ray kom pom cov duab tiav ntawm tus neeg mob. Nrog rau qhov kev kuaj mob zoo li no, cov ntsiab lus me tshaj plaws yog pom pom cov qauv ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv thiab sab qis. Los ntawm cov duab, tus kws kho mob tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau nws hauv kev kuaj mob thiab kho.
Hauv kev kho hniav menyuam yaus, X-ray ntawm lub puab tsaig yog qhov yooj yim hloov tsis tau, txij li daim duab qhia tau meej meej tias yog vim li cas thiaj li yuav muaj kev ncua sij hawm ntawm cov molars, tom cov yam ntxwv. Feem ntau cov chaw kho hniav siv cov x-ray niaj hnub no, uas tso cai rau koj thaij duab ntawm lub puab tsaig tag nrho, nrog rau cov duab kos ntawm ib tus hniav thiab nws cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib puag ncig.
Radioography hauv maxillofacial thiab yas phais
X-ray ntawm lub puab tsaig yog tsim nyog rau maxillofacial thiabkws phais yas. Txoj kev tshawb no yog thawj theem uas txhua tus neeg mob uas, txawm li cas los xij, nkag mus rau lub koom haum ntawm Maxillofacial Surgery mus dhau ua ntej kev teem sijhawm kho. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog ib qho kev khiav hauj lwm xwm txheej ceev los pab cov kev raug mob nyuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum ua haujlwm los txhim kho cov tsos mob, cov kws phais yas yuav muab tshuaj xyuas tag nrho ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab lub taub hau. Lub koom haum ntawm Maxillofacial Surgery yog nruab nrog cov cuab yeej siv siab niaj hnub. Ntawm no, cov neeg mob tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas tiav yog tias lawv muaj teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev kho hniav. Ib qho kev kuaj no yog digital x-ray. Nws yog txoj kev kuaj mob no uas muaj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws yog tias cov duab yuav tsum tau rov ua dua vim kev phais.
X-ray ntawm lub puab tsaig yog mob taub hau
Thaum raug mob lub taub hau me ntsis, xws li mob me me, tsis hais txog teeb meem loj dua, lub puab tsaig x-ray yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Feem ntau, txawm tias me me raug mob taub hau tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob txha tawg thiab cov hniav. Thaum ntaus los yog concussion, cov leeg temporomandibular feem ntau raug kev txom nyem. Kev raug mob tsis pom nyob rau lub sijhawm tuaj yeem dhau los ua teeb meem loj, uas, yog tias tsis kuaj thiab kho raws sijhawm, yuav ua rau tsis yooj yim rau lub neej.
X-ray hom
Hom x-rays txawv nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev kawm. Kuj tseem muaj ob hom duab puab lub puab tsaig:
- Orthopantogram - daim duab nyuaj. NtawmNws tuaj yeem pom tag nrho lub puab tsaig, suav nrog cov hniav ntse uas tseem tsis tau tawg, cov maxillary sinuses, thiab cov leeg temporomandibular. Cov duab zoo li no yuav qhia meej qhov chaw tawg, cyst lossis pob txha pob txha, thiab tseem yuav pab cuam tshuam tag nrho cov duab ua ntej thiab tom qab kho, sib piv seb cov hniav ntawm lub puab tsaig sab hauv ntawm lub puab tsaig yog nyob rau sab sauv.
- Kev txhaj tshuaj yog ib qho cuab yeej uas kuaj xyuas ib cheeb tsam ntawm lub puab tsaig. Ib daim duab ntawm ib tus hniav yog muab coj los rau kev kawm ntxaws txog ib qho teeb meem tshwj xeeb. Cov duab hu ua "sighting" yog coj tom qab ib qho orthopantogram. Koj tseem tuaj yeem kuaj X-rays ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv thiab sab puab tsaig cais.
X-ray diagnostic method
X-ray raug tshuaj xyuas ob txoj kev sib txawv:
- Interproximal x-ray qhia cov npoo npoo ntawm lub puab tsaig. Cov kev tshawb fawb zoo li no pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem ntawm cov kab mob zais zais thiab cov kab mob ntawm cov hniav ntse.
- Occlusal x-ray yog ib txoj hauv kev uas siv los kawm txog thaj chaw ntawm lub puab tsaig.
X-ray method
Ntxiv rau cov qauv txheej txheem ntawm kev ua orthopanthorama (daim duab ntawm tag nrho lub puab tsaig), kuj tseem muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm X-ray ntawm tus hniav. Nrog rau txoj kev no, ib qho x-ray zaj duab xis qhwv rau hauv daim ntawv tuab opaque yog muab tso rau hauv qab ntawm tus hniav. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb X-ray raj, ib tug tshwj xeeb cov hniav yog translucent.
- Radiovisiography yog ib txoj hauv kevX-ray diagnostics, nyob rau hauv uas lub matrix ntawm lub ntaus ntawv nws tus kheej yog nyob ncaj qha ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb cov hniav. Lub xeev-of-the-art digital X-ray tso cai rau tus kws kho mob coj cov duab siab ncaj qha rau ntawm lub computer saib thiab kawm kom ntxaws. Txoj kev no yog ib qho kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog siv hauv txhua lub tsev kho mob, vim tias cov cuab yeej no kim.
- CT (xws li tomography) yog txoj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm transillumination. Nws yog nws tias, yog tias tsim nyog, raug pom zoo siv los ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Cov txheej txheem tsis siv ntau tshaj 30 vib nas this. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, X-ray ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv, lub puab tsaig sab sauv thiab thaj chaw nyob ib sab ntawm lawv yuav raug coj mus.
X-ray tau ntau npaum li cas yam tsis muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv?
Muaj cov qauv tsim los ntawm cov naj npawb ntawm lub puab tsaig x-ray ib xyoos yog suav. Tus nqi siab tshaj plaws rau tus neeg laus nce mus txog 1000 microsieverts. Rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab menyuam yaus, tus lej no yog halved. Qhov ntsuas no txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov raug thaum lub sij hawm kuaj niaj hnub, txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev kho mob, kev tso cai me ntsis dhau ntawm cov koob tshuaj hluav taws xob tau tso cai. Kev txwv tuaj yeem txhais ua ntau qhov kev txhaj tshuaj:
- Orthopantogram - mus txog 40 cov duab.
- Digital x-ray method - mus txog 80 txhaj tshuaj.
- Radiovisiograph - mus txog 100 duab.
X-ray ntawm lub puab tsaig rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub
Rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, koob tshuaj hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsawg. Yog tias daim duab raug coj los ua ib zaug, nws yog qhov ua tau los tsim nws ntawm lub tshuab x-ray. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias nws tuaj yeem ua qhov kev tshawb fawb digital, ces qhov no yuav yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws. Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub raug qhia kom siv CT (computed tomography) txoj kev, vim nws tsis muaj teeb meem hluav taws xob thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tus menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, X-rays thaum cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tsis txhob siv yam tsis muaj laj thawj zoo. Txawm tias txoj kev tsis zoo tshaj plaws tseem muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau tus menyuam hauv plab, yog li ntawd, thaum tsis muaj qhov xav tau ceev, nws raug nquahu kom ncua sijhawm kuaj. X-ray kuaj thaum cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem raug txiav txim siab los ntawm kws kho mob.
Contraindications rau x-rays
X-ray transillumination rau kev kuaj mob lub hom phiaj tau xyaum tsis muaj contraindications. Tsuas yog contraindications (tshwj tsis yog ntawm cev xeeb tub) yog los ntshav hnyav ntawm lub qhov ncauj thiab tus neeg mob nyob rau hauv lub xeev hnyav lossis tsis nco qab.
