Mob ntsws cancer: tsev kho mob thiab pab pawg kho mob, kuaj mob, tsos mob, ua rau thiab kho

Cov txheej txheem:

Mob ntsws cancer: tsev kho mob thiab pab pawg kho mob, kuaj mob, tsos mob, ua rau thiab kho
Mob ntsws cancer: tsev kho mob thiab pab pawg kho mob, kuaj mob, tsos mob, ua rau thiab kho

Video: Mob ntsws cancer: tsev kho mob thiab pab pawg kho mob, kuaj mob, tsos mob, ua rau thiab kho

Video: Mob ntsws cancer: tsev kho mob thiab pab pawg kho mob, kuaj mob, tsos mob, ua rau thiab kho
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Anonim

Txhua hnub ib tug neeg ua raws li nws txoj kev npau suav, teem lub hom phiaj thiab ua tiav lawv. Tsuav nws noj qab nyob zoo thiab muaj zog, nws muaj peev xwm tuav tau txhua lub roob. Tab sis txhua yam tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau yog tias ib tus neeg poob mob thiab tus kab mob tuag taus. Kev tiv thaiv, kev kho mob, kev kuaj mob thiab chaw kho mob ntawm lub ntsws cancer ntxiv. Lub sijhawm no, nws tsim nyog kawm ntxiv txog lub cev no.

mob ntsws cancer cov lus qhia
mob ntsws cancer cov lus qhia

ntsws yog dab tsi?

Lub ntsws yog ib lub cev ua pa ua pa ntawm tib neeg, tsiaj txhu, noog, thiab tsiaj reptiles. Mob ntsws cancer yog ib qho mob qog nqaij hlav uas tshwm sim hauv cov ntaub so ntswg epithelial lossis hauv bronchi. Qhov no neoplasm txawv los ntawm lwm yam kab mob oncological nyob rau hauv uas tsis muaj cov tsos mob nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv. Qhov thib ob tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm cov qog no thiab lwm tus yog tias muaj kev sib txuas ncaj qha ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav thiab haus luam yeeb. Kev haus luam yeeb yog qhov ua rau hauv 95% ntawm cov neeg mob. Mob ntsws cancer muaj ntau dua rau cov txiv neej uas tsis quav ntsej txog lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Raws li kev txheeb caiscov neeg sawv cev ntawm ib nrab ntawm tib neeg muaj zog haus luam yeeb ntau dua li cov poj niam. Cov pa luam yeeb muaj ntau cov carcinogens uas ua rau pom cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.

central lung cancer Clinic
central lung cancer Clinic

Nrog rau qhov khaus ntawm lub ntsws nrog cov pa luam yeeb, cov hlwb degenerate. Yog tias thawj zaug tsuas muaj ib lub xovtooj ntawm tes, ces yav tom ntej, ib xyoos tom qab, cov qog loj hlob thiab twb nyob rau thawj theem nws tuaj yeem suav ntau lab lub hlwb. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau xyoo, yog li ntawd, yog tias kuaj pom tus kab mob, yuav tsum ntsuas tam sim ntawd, vim tias cov txheej txheem nrawm dua. Tab sis tsis yog cov neeg haus luam yeeb tsuas yog muaj kev pheej hmoo, thiaj li hu ua passive smokers, uas yog, cov neeg tsis haus luam yeeb ncaj qha, tab sis nqus cov pa luam yeeb, kuj muaj kev pheej hmoo loj. Cov neeg haus luam yeeb muaj 23 npaug yuav mob ntau dua li cov neeg noj qab haus huv.

chaw kho mob qog nqaij hlav peripheral
chaw kho mob qog nqaij hlav peripheral

Feem ntau cov mob qog nqaij hlav ntsws tsis muaj tsos mob. Tab sis thaum thawj cov cim tshwm sim, qhov no qhia tau hais tias muaj cov qog nqaij hlav txaus. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, muaj hnoos, ua tsis taus pa, tsis tshua muaj hemoptysis. Muaj qhov hnyav poob, ua npaws, tsis muaj zog, o ntawm caj dab, ntsej muag, tej zaum yuav mob pob qij txha. Qhov no qhia txog theem siab ntawm mob ntsws cancer. hnoos tuaj yeem qhuav thiab nrog expectoration ntawm qee cov hnoos qeev. Cov theem thaum ntxov (thawj los yog thib ob) feem ntau kuaj pom thaum kuaj kev tiv thaiv lossis los ntawm lub sijhawm. X-ray ntawm lub ntsws yog txoj kev kuaj mob tshaj plaws. Tab sisTxoj kev tshawb no tsis yog qhov qhia tau zoo vim tias cov qog me me thaum ntxov yuav tsis pom. Ib qho kev xaiv zoo dua yog xam tomography.

kuaj mob ntsws cancer diagnostics
kuaj mob ntsws cancer diagnostics

theem ntawm qog nqaij hlav malignant

Nyob hauv kev txhim kho lub tsev kho mob ntsws cancer, ntau theem tuaj yeem taug qab:

  1. Ntawm tus neeg mob thawj zaug tsis qhia qhov tsis txaus siab. Nws tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov qog nyob rau theem ntawm kev loj hlob no tsuas yog thaum kuaj tshwj xeeb, tsis yog kev kuaj xyuas kev tiv thaiv zoo ib yam, tab sis kev kuaj X-ray lossis kev kuaj endoscopic.
  2. theem thib ob ntawm kev loj hlob thiab chaw kho mob qog noj ntshav yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev tshwm sim hluav taws xob, uas yog, nyob rau theem no tus kab mob tuaj yeem kuaj pom los ntawm kev tiv thaiv fluorography lossis kev kuaj x-ray.
  3. theem thib peb yog qhov tshwm sim sai ntawm cov tsos mob kho mob. Nyob rau theem no, kev kuaj mob, raws li txoj cai, tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem tsis yog rau cov kws kho mob oncologist, tab sis kuj rau cov kws kho mob, thiab, hmoov tsis, nws yog ib qho teeb meem heev los kho tus mob ntsws cancer ntawm theem ntawm kev loj hlob. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tus kabmob. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau kev kho raws sijhawm, raug thiab tsim nyog.
txiv neej lub ntsws cancer tsev kho mob
txiv neej lub ntsws cancer tsev kho mob

Symptoms

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog cov txheej txheem kho mob rau mob ntsws cancer. Kev tshuaj xyuas tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm txhua tus neeg txhua xyoo, yam tsis muaj kev zam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hnub nyoog tshaj 45 xyoo. Kev kuaj tsis tu ncuasuav nrog qhov yuav tsum tau ua fluorography, thiab yog tias xav tias muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lub ntsws, kev kuaj x-ray kom ntxaws thiab kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob oncologist. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias mob qog noj ntshav tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb, thiab yog tias ib tus neeg muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm oncology, nws yuav tsum hu rau nws tus kws kho mob hauv zos.

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob:

  1. Ua tsis taus pa uas hnyav zuj zus. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov qog occupies ib tug loj ib feem ntawm lub ntsws thiab txo qhov ntim ntawm qhov chaw ua pa. Nrog kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasm nyob rau hauv lub bronchi, ib feem ntawm lub cev, thiab qee zaum tag nrho lub ntsws, raug tua los ntawm kev ua pa.
  2. Lwm cov tsos mob yog mob uas nyob hauv lub hauv siab. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau sab laug, sab xis, hauv thaj tsam interscapular, qab lub sternum.

Thaum mob tshwm sim, yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog kws kho mob yuav tsum tau txiav txim seb qhov ua rau tus tsos mob.

kev kho mob ntsws cancer hauv tsev kho mob
kev kho mob ntsws cancer hauv tsev kho mob

Txhua xyoo ntau tshaj li ib lab tus neeg mob ntawm tus kabmob no tau sau npe nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, uas yog ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tag nrho cov kabmob neoplasms. Lub ntsiab ua rau mob qog noj ntshav yog: carcinogens, kab mob ntev ntawm lub ntsws, ib puag ncig, kev ua haujlwm ailments. Carcinogens yog cov tshuaj uas, thaum khaws cia, tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Lub ntsiab carcinogen yog haus luam yeeb, uas muaj benzopyrenes thiab nitrosemines, uas nyob rau hauv lub cev, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev loj hlob.kab mob.

Nyob rau hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb muaj pes tsawg tus neeg haus luam yeeb ib hnub twg thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev haus luam yeeb nws tus kheej. Kev txiav tus cwj pwm tag nrho tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub sijhawm. Qhov xwm txheej ib puag ncig cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev mob, vim tias cov plua plav loj tsis tuaj yeem tawm hauv lub cev ntawm lawv tus kheej. Cov caj ces predisposition kuj tseem ceeb rau tus kab mob no - muaj cov txheeb ze nrog kev kuaj mob tam sim ntawd qhia tias tus neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo thiab nws yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kev tiv thaiv tas li. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qog, nrog rau theem ntawm oncology. Los ntawm localization, mob ntsws cancer yog nruab nrab thiab peripheral.

Central

Central lung cancer clinic tom ntej. Nws tsim nyob rau hauv loj bronchi thiab manifests nws tus kheej heev thaum ntxov. Tus neeg mob yuav hnov mob tsis xis nyob, nws ua rau hnoos tsis muaj zog, poob phaus. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, cov tsos mob yuav ci ntsa iab: hnoos hnyav zuj zus, tom qab ntawd cov hnoos qeev tshwm, uas tuaj yeem ua tsis muaj xim lossis streaked nrog ntshav, hnov ntxhiab hauv lub suab, mob hauv siab.

mob ntsws cancer hauv tsev kho mob diagnosis kho kev tiv thaiv
mob ntsws cancer hauv tsev kho mob diagnosis kho kev tiv thaiv

Nyob zoo

Raws li lub tsev kho mob ntawm peripheral ntsws cancer, nyob rau hauv thawj theem nws tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tiav, yog li nws yooj yim rau confuse nrog lwm cov kab mob ntsws. Txhawm rau tshawb pom lub sijhawm ntawm oncology, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau mus kawm tshuaj ntsuam xyuas.

Diagnosis

Txoj kev kuaj mob ntsws cancer tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: kuaj thiab ntsuas. Kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, vim tias thaum ntxov, oncology tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog lwm cov kab mob ntsws.

Instrumental Methods

Yog tias koj xav tias muaj kab mob thiab chaw kho mob ntsws cancer ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam, thawj qhov uas yuav tsum tau ua yog x-ray, uas nyob rau hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob tso cai rau koj pom qhov chaw ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav.

Computed tomography yog siv los qhia qhov loj ntawm neoplasm. Hauv cov teb chaws tsim kho, txoj kev kuaj mob no tau hloov mus ntev txawm tias kev kuaj X-ray thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas.

Yog xav tias mob ntsws cancer, bronchoscopy kuj tau sau tseg. Nws tso cai rau koj pom cov txheej txheem qog, nrog rau nqa cov ntaub so ntswg rau kev kuaj morphological.

Yog tias tsis muaj bronchoscopy tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, raug txiav txim siab - puncture ntawm lub hauv siab nyob rau hauv kev tswj ntawm kev suav tomography los sau cov khoom rau kev kuaj morphological, uas yog, rau kev kuaj ntshav.

PET CT (positron emission computed tomography) yog ib txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov kabmob sab hauv ntawm tus neeg. Thaum kuaj mob, tus neeg mob tau txhaj tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj radioactive raws li cov piam thaj. Cov tom kawg accumulates nyob rau hauv cov qog hlwb, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm mus pom neoplasms txawm mus txog 1 centimeter.

Lab txoj kev

Yog tias peb tham txog txoj hauv kev kuaj, ces tus qauv kub rau kev kuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem qog nqaij hlav yog biopsy. Tom qab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv rau kev tshawb fawb, nws tau kawm los ntawm kev kuaj genetic tests thiab immunohistochemistry. Txoj kev no tso cai rau koj xaiv txoj kev kho tus kheej raws li cov qauv ntawm cov qog. Ib txoj hauv kev niaj hnub tshaj plaws ntawm kev kuaj mob ntawm cov txheej txheem oncological yog CTC txoj kev.

Yuav ua txoj kev tshawb no, tsuas yog kaum milliliters ntawm tib neeg cov ntshav xav tau. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm STS yog cov qog hlwb tas li nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab tuaj yeem kuaj tau siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. STS tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas ib lub qog nqaij hlav hauv ntau lab ntawm cov qe ntshav noj qab haus huv. Tsis tas li, txoj kev no tso cai rau txoj hauv kev zoo dua rau cov kev kho mob qog noj ntshav ib leeg.

Type of cancer

Kev tuag los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav malignant hauv lub ntsws ntau dua 85-90%. Raws li kev faib tawm histological, hom kab mob ntsws hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:

  • xovtooj me - txog 20% ntawm tus neeg mob;
  • xov loj - txog 80%.

Kuv yuav tsum tshem tawm ib feem ntawm lub cev?

Nws tsim nyog paub txog cov txheej txheem kho mob rau lub ntsws cancer, uas yuav qhia koj seb puas yuav tshem tawm ib feem ntawm lub cev.

Lub ntsws yog ib lub cev loj heev, cov qog loj hlob qeeb thiab kom txog thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv lub pleura, cov neeg mob tsis hnov dab tsi. Muaj ib txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntsws los ntawm intercostal qhib lub hauv siab thiab niaj hnub siv lub koob yees duab yees duab. Cov yav tas kuj yuav tsum tau qhib lub hauv siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tshem tawm lub pulmonary lobe, uas nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg laus txawm tsis muaj cua.mus txog qhov loj ntawm txiv kab ntxwv.

Kev tshem tawm ib feem lossis ua tiav ntawm lub cev yog kev ua haujlwm hnyav thiab pheej hmoo uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj, yog li nws tau ua tiav nrog kev saib xyuas tag nrho ntawm tus neeg mob. Tom qab ua tiav ntawm kev phais mob thiab kev tsaug zog los ntawm kev siv tshuaj loog, tus neeg mob raug xa mus rau chav saib xyuas mob hnyav rau ib hnub kom rov ua pa ntawm tus kheej. Tom qab ntawd nws muab tso rau hauv kev phais li ib lub lim tiam. Thawj hnub tom qab kev ua haujlwm, tus neeg tau txuas nrog cov kav dej thiab lub catheter. Tom qab tso tawm, cov neeg mob raug txhawb kom taug kev tsis tu ncua hauv huab cua ntshiab.

Stages

Hauv daim duab kho mob ntawm lub ntsws cancer, nws tau txiav txim siab ntawm 4 theem:

  • 1 - qog me lossis me me;
  • 2 thiab 3 - neoplasm tau kis mus rau thaj chaw nyob ze;
  • 4 - Cov qog tau metastasized mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

Yog hais tias tus kab mob oncology kis mus rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev, mob qog noj ntshav hu ua theem nrab lossis metastatic.

pab pawg kho mob

Txhua tus neeg mob qog noj ntshav tau muab faib ua 4 pawg kho mob ntawm lub ntsws cancer:

  • 1 pab. Qhov no suav nrog cov neeg mob uas nws daim duab kho mob tsis meej, uas tsuas muaj kev xav tias mob qog noj ntshav. Hauv 10 hnub, cov neeg mob no tau kuaj xyuas kom ntxaws.
  • 2 pawg yog cov neeg mob qog nqaij hlav uas tuaj yeem kho tau tag nrho tom qab siv cov kev kho niaj hnub no.
  • 3 pab pawg yog cov neeg mob uas tau txais kev kho mob radical thiab tsis muaj cov tsos mob rov tshwm sim dua.
  • 4 pab pawg - cov no yog cov neeg mob qog nqaij hlav, thaum kho radical tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau, lawv xav tau kev saib xyuas palliative - ib txoj hauv kev uas txhim kho lub neej zoo ntawm tus neeg mob nrog cov kab mob txaus ntshai uas ua rau tuag taus.

Pom zoo: