Mis hniav tuaj yeem mob, nrog rau cov kab mob mus tas li. Feem ntau, cov menyuam yaus tsim cov kab mob uas yuav tsum tau kho. Qhov no kuj yuav tsum tau ua yog tias cov incisors tseem tsis tau hloov nrog cov mus tas li. Yuav kho tus hniav li cas rau tus menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos tau piav qhia hauv kab lus.
Vim li cas cov hniav thiaj li kho tau?
Cov kws kho hniav ntseeg tias lawv yuav tsum tau khaws cia ua cov chav nyob ruaj khov kom txog thaum lawv hloov pauv. Feem ntau lawv hloov thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6-7 xyoo, thiab cov txheej txheem no xaus rau thaum muaj hnub nyoog 13-14 xyoos. Puas kho hniav rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos? Tau kawg. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov laj thawj hauv qab no:
- Cov kab mob ntawm tus hniav tas mus li nyob ze ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov hniav mis. Yog li ntawd, tus kab mob kis tau. Vim li ntawd thiaj muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus hniav.
- Yog tus menyuam hniav tsis kho raws sijhawm, nws raug tshem tawm. Nrog nws cov extraction thaum ntxov, cov units uas nyob ib puag ncig nws tuaj yeem hloov mus. Txij li cov hniav mus tas li yuav tawg nyob rau hauv qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm, kab yuav tsis sib xws thiab ib qho overbite yuav tsim.
- Cov kab mob tsis kho yog suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kis kab mob hauv lub qhov ncauj thiab thoob plaws lub cev. Vim nws, cov kab mob ntev ntawm cov kab mob ENT, lub plab zom mov, txo qis hauvtiv thaiv kab mob. Lwm tus menyuam uas muaj caries feem ntau raug mob khaub thuas, mob ua pa nyuaj.
- teeb meem hniav cuam tshuam kev sib tsoo zaub mov. Thiab qhov no ua rau pathologies ntawm lub plab zom mov.
- Flaws phem zuj zus diction. Thaum lub sij hawm pronunciation ntawm consonants, tus nplaig rests ntawm cov hniav. Vim lawv tsis tuaj, tus nplaig rests tawm tsam palate. Tom qab ntawd, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus hniav mus tas li, cov lus hais ntawm lub suab yuav tsum tau rov hais dua. Thiab cov txheej txheem no nyuaj thiab ntev.
- Ib tug me nyuam, zoo li ib tug neeg laus, xav tau kev zoo nkauj ntawm kev luag. Cov hniav tsis zoo lossis tsis muaj lawv tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsej muag tsis zoo. Nws kuj ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog ib tus zoo li.
Txoj kev kho mob
Yuav ua li cas kho hniav rau tus menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos? Txij li thaum lub hnub nyoog no lawv yog cov mis nyuj, txoj kev kho yuav tsum maj mam thiab tsis mob. Muaj 5 txoj cai rau kev kho menyuam yaus:
- tshuaj loog ob theem. Ua ntej, tshuaj loog ntawm cov pos hniav yog ua nrog gel lossis tshuaj tsuag nrog lidocaine, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd txhaj tshuaj. Rau cov menyuam yaus, siv rab koob nyias.
- Cov tshuaj loog hauv cov tshuaj yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb - 2% lidocaine lossis 4% articaine. 1/6 mus rau 1/2 ntawm cov tshuaj "tus neeg laus" yog siv raws li qhov hnyav ntawm tus menyuam. Kev tshuaj loog nrog adrenaline raug txwv kom txog thaum muaj hnub nyoog 4 xyoos.
- Kev tshem tawm cov kab mob yog ua tiav nrog cov cuab yeej tes - excavator, curette, scaler.
- Cov ntaub ntawv sau yog siv, uas yog siv rau ib lub sijhawm. Lawv muaj fluoride thiab lwm yam minerals muaj txiaj ntsig.
- Lub sijhawm ntawm txoj kev tsis pub dhau ib nrab teev, txwv tsis pub cov menyuam yaus nkees thiab ua haujlwm.
Qhov twg yuav kho tus menyuam cov hniav 3 xyoos? Koj tuaj yeem tiv tauj lub tsev kho hniav hauv nroog ntawm qhov chaw sau npe. Tseem muaj cov chaw kho mob ntiag tug, tab sis tus nqi kho mob yuav siab dua hauv lawv.
Diagnosis
Kev kho hniav rau tus menyuam thaum muaj hnub nyoog 3 xyoos pib tom qab ntsuas ntsuas. Lawv caries loj hlob sai thiab aggressively, txawm piv rau cov neeg laus. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov enamel ntawm cov mis nyuj cov hniav tsis muaj zog thiab muaj xws li micropores uas cov kab mob nkag tau yooj yim. Tom qab kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem carious, cov hniav raug rhuav tshem hauv ob peb lub hlis. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus ntsib kws kho hniav txhua 3-4 lub hlis.
Cov tsos mob ntawm caries nyob ntawm theem:
- pib. Ua ntej, cov pob dawb tshwm ntawm cov enamel. Tom qab ntawd lawv ua yellowish, thiab saum npoo yuav ntxhib. Tus menyuam tsis hnov mob, tab sis qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov khoom noj kub thiab txias yog qhov zoo. Cov theem no yog kho yam tsis muaj qhov drilling nrog lub laum. Hauv qhov no, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj qhov txhaws.
- Cov kab mob nruab nrab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov txheej txheej enamel tshwm sim, "qhov" tshwm. Muaj qhov mob hnyav thaum raug cov neeg kho tshuab lossis tshuaj lom neeg. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub kab noj hniav muaj ib tug tsub zuj zuj ntawm softened dentin thiab zaub mov residues. Sparing txoj kev thiab kev tiv thaiv tsis pab - nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau nruab ib lub foob. Cov kab noj hniav yuav qhib, nws yuav tsum tau muab ntim nrog cov khoom ntim.
- Ntxub. Lub "qhov" ua loj thiab pom. Enamel thiab dentin puas lawm. Thaum soj ntsuam hauv qab ntawm kab noj hniav, ntau cov ntaub so ntswg uas ploj lawm yog pom tau. Sib sib zog nqus caries yog kho nrog ib tug txhaws. Tab sis feem ntaucov enamel raug rhuav tshem kom nws tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov txhaws, cov hniav tshem tawm.
Yuav kho hniav li cas rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 xyoos nyob ntawm theem ntawm caries. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog qhov txaus los ua qhov kev kuaj pom thiab ua suab nrov. Tab sis feem ntau carious tsom xam yog nyob rau hauv ib qho nyuaj-mus cuag qhov chaw. Tom qab ntawd koj xav tau X-ray lossis lub koob yees duab sab hauv.
Yog tias nws nyuaj rau txiav txim siab thawj kab mob caries, tus kws kho mob siv lub tshuab kuaj kab mob caries. Cov kua dej no hloov cov ntaub so ntswg xiav lossis liab dawb. Cov tshuaj no muaj kev nyab xeeb rau menyuam yaus.
Kev npaj kho mob
Cov menyuam yaus muaj kev ntshai ntawm cov neeg laus thiab ntshai tsam kws kho hniav ua ntej lawv mus ntsib thawj zaug. Yuav kom kev kho tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos mus tau zoo, nws yuav tsum tau npaj rau qhov no:
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nrhiav tau tus kws kho hniav uas ntseeg siab uas tuaj yeem txuas nrog koj tus menyuam.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum coj tus menyuam mus tiv thaiv, tsis txhob tos qhov mob. Tab sis qhov no txhawb nqa menyuam txoj kev ntshai.
- Thaum txais tos, niam yuav tsum ua siab mos siab muag. Kev ntshai feem ntau kis mus rau menyuam yaus.
- Nyob hauv tsev koj tuaj yeem rov xyaum mus ntsib kws kho hniav nrog cov khoom ua si.
- Koj yuav tsum qhia koj tus menyuam tias txhua tus mus ntsib kws kho hniav - niam, txiv, pog thiab yawg.
- Lub sijhawm tuaj xyuas yuav tsum xaiv thaum cov menyuam yaus muaj kev zoo siab thiab zoo siab. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas tus me nyuam puv thaum mus ntsib kws kho mob.
- Yog qhov mob tseem tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tau yaum tus menyuam tias tus kws kho mob yuav pab tshem tawm qhov tsis xis nyob.
Thiab kom cov me nyuam kawm txhuam hniav txij thaum yau,yuav zoo pasta. Tam sim no ntau yam khoom siv tau zoo rau qhov tsawg tshaj plaws yog muag. Xws li pastes ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov hniav thiab cov pos hniav, tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab mob hauv lub qhov ncauj. Cov txheej txheem ntxuav yuav yooj yim thiab qab ntxiag.
Methods
Yuav ua li cas kho hniav rau tus menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos? Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev zoo:
- Nyiaj plating. Qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev dhau los uas tseem siv tau hauv ntau txoj kev kho hniav. Tus kws kho mob siv ib qho kev daws ntawm silver nitrate (30%) rau qhov chaw carious. Cov tshuaj muaj cov kab mob bactericidal thiab rhuav tshem cariogenic microflora. Txhua yam ua tiav sai thiab tsis mob, tsis xav tau tshuaj loog. Tom qab kev kho mob nrog nyiaj, cov hniav ua dub, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws nyuaj. Txoj kev siv mus txog 3 xyoos.
- Fluoridation. Lwm cov txheej txheem hu ua remineralization. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv ntxiv dag zog rau thiab kho cov enamel, saturating tsis muaj zog cov cheeb tsam nrog pab minerals. Tus kws kho hniav ua kev kho mob ntawm cov hniav nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb nrog calcium, fluorine, phosphorus thiab lwm yam kab mob. Cov txheej txheem muaj peev xwm nres kev loj hlob ntawm caries nyob rau hauv lub stain theem thiab suav hais tias yog kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob. Cov nyhuv tshwm sim rau 6 lub hlis. Txoj kev no haum rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 6 xyoos.
- Kev kho Ozone. Qhov no yog txoj kev tsis sib cuag thiab tsis mob, haum rau cov hnub nyoog sib txawv. Ozone yog lub zog oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev uas tshem tawm cov kab mob microflora ntawm cov hniav. Qhov kev tshwm sim kav 10-20 vib nas this. Yuav kho hniav li cas rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos? Gaseous ozone yog xa nyob rau hauv kev kub siab los ntawm ib tug nyias nyias tsom rau qhov mobqhov chaw. Tom qab ntawd, cov txheej txheem carious nres.
- Icon (infiltration). Yuav ua li cas kho hniav rau tus menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos nrog txoj kev no? Tus kws kho mob ua ib qho kev kho mob etching, thiab tom qab ntawd cov ntaub so ntswg uas muaj kab mob yog softened. Lawv ntxuav nrog lub dav hlau ntawm abrasive sib tov. Tom qab ntawd saum npoo yog qhuav nrog cua sov thiab ib qho infiltrate yog siv - Icon kua filling. Cov khoom hardens nyob rau hauv cov nyhuv ntawm lub teeb ntawm lub polymerization teeb. Cov txheej txheem siv sijhawm 15–20 feeb.
Cov no yog txoj hauv kev zoo uas kho hniav rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 xyoos. Caries yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm sai li sai tau. Txwv tsis pub, nws maj mam hloov mus rau lwm yam kab mob hniav uas ua rau mob.
Cov hniav zoo li cas rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos hauv tsev kho mob? Txoj kev filling yog siv. Tus kws kho hniav ua kev ntxuav ntawm carious, cov ntaub so ntswg tuag nrog cov cuab yeej siv tes los yog ib qho kev xyaum ntawm qhov ceev ceev. Tom qab ntawd cov kab noj hniav yog ntxuav nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab sau cov khoom ntim. Thaum kawg ntawm txoj kev, kev sib tsoo thiab polishing yog nqa tawm.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov khoom ntim tsis yog qhov nyuaj tshaj li cov enamel ntawm koj cov hniav, vim nws hnav sai sai. Qhov no yog txheej txheem ntuj tsim, yog li koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txhawj. Tab sis yog hais tias lub filling yog heev nyuaj, nws protrudes ntawm ntug.
iav ionomer cements yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev kho hniav ib ntus. Daim ntawv thov yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv 1 lub sij hawm, thiab tsis nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg piv rau photocomposites. Cov cement muaj cov tshuaj calcium thiab fluorine, uas ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntxiv dag zog. Cov khoom hnav tawm sib npaug nrog cov hniav enamel.
BCov chaw kho mob niaj hnub siv cov menyuam yaus cov xim pleev xim Twinky Star. Lawv saib muaj yeeb yuj, yog li menyuam yaus nyiam lawv. Muaj kev xaiv xim. Lub filling muaj xws li ib tug compomer - ib tug ua ke ntawm cov khoom ntawm iav ionomer cement thiab photopolymer. Cov khoom siv muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab suav nrog cov fluorine ions muaj txiaj ntsig.
tshuaj loog hauv zos
Cov hniav zoo li cas rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 xyoos? Qee zaum tus kws kho mob siv tshuaj loog hauv zos, uas tau muab faib ua:
- daim ntawv thov - tsis txhaj tshuaj;
- infiltration - nrog txhaj tshuaj.
thawj txoj kev yog siv rau kev tshuaj loog superficial. Qhov txaus ntshai yog tias tus menyuam muaj peev xwm nqos tau cov tshuaj uas muaj lidocaine siab.
Kev txhaj tshuaj loog yog ib txoj kev txhim khu kev qha. Cov txheej txheem muab kev thaiv qhov mob ntawm qhov chaw receptor, uas ua rau kev kho hniav yooj yim dua.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws
Yuav ua li cas lwm tus kho hniav rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos? Kev siv tshuaj loog yog siv tau yog tias tus menyuam tsis xis nyob heev thiab tsis muaj zog. Thiab ib txhia yuav ntshai cov kws kho hniav. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai txoj kev no, nws tau nquag siv nyob rau sab hnub poob hauv kev kho mob txij li 1 xyoos.
Qee tus niam txiv txhawj tias kev tshuaj loog cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam txoj kev nco lossis cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov lus. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no tau tso cai, tab sis hauv kev xyaum nws tsis tshua pom. Qhov teeb meem tsis tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj loog nws tus kheej, tab sis vim yog kev ntxhov siab ntawm tus menyuam hauv kev kho hniav lossis kab mob ntev ua ke nrog kev siv tshuaj loog. Nrog lub raj mis caries, tshuaj loog yog suav tias yog tib txoj kevua manipulations hauv 1 txheej txheem.
Cov hniav zoo li cas rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 xyoos hauv qhov tshuaj loog? Yuav tsum hloov pauv ua ntej:
- kuaj ntshav thiab zis;
- ntshav chemistry;
- ntshav qab zib kuaj;
- electrocardiography.
Koj tsis tuaj yeem noj tau 6 teev ua ntej tshuaj loog, thiab tseem txwv tsis pub haus 4 teev. Tus me nyuam mus pw tsaug zog. Koj tuaj yeem tsa nws txhua lub sijhawm, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau nce cov pa oxygen. Tsis pub dhau 15 feeb, txhua qhov kev xav rov qab mus rau qhov qub.
Cov Teeb Meem thiab qhov tshwm sim
Kab lus nthuav tawm txhua txoj hauv kev uas tso cai rau koj kho cov hniav ntawm tus menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos, yog tias mob thiab tsis xis nyob tsis tso cai rau koj ua neej nyob. Qee cov niam txiv ntseeg hais tias cov mis nyuj tuaj yeem raug kho tsis tau vim lawv yuav poob sai sai. Qhov no yog qhov kev txiav txim tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Lub xeev ntawm cov chav nyob ib ntus cuam tshuam qhov tsim ntawm ib txwm tom. Yog tias muaj kab mob carious tshwm sim, nws nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg sib sib zog nqus thiab cov rudiments ntawm cov hniav mus tas li raug puas tsuaj.
Kev tshem tawm ntxov ntawm cov hniav mis, uas yog cov kab mob puas tsuaj, ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo. Muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub puab tsaig, cov hniav tshiab tshwm sim tawm ntawm qhov chaw, muaj neeg coob coob thiab lwm yam teeb meem. Tus me nyuam yuav raug yuam kom hnav braces.
Los ntawm tsis saib xyuas caries, pulpitis tshwm - o ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hniav, periodontitis lossis cov cyst ntawm cov pos hniav ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Kev kho mob ntawm cov txiaj ntsig no yog qhov nyuaj heev; cov hauv paus kwj dej yog xav tau. Thiab periodontitis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauvosteomyelitis lossis abscess, uas ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab hem lub neej.
Nyob zoo
Tom qab cov txheej txheem kho hniav, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias muaj kev kho kom rov zoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los saib xyuas nws txawm tias tus neeg mob me me nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm cov neeg laus. Rov qab tau raws li hauv qab no:
- Tom qab txhua txoj kev, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj thiab haus li 1-2 teev.
- Yog muab tso rau ib ntus, koj tsis tuaj yeem noj zaub mov thiab khoom qab zib. Noj cov pos hniav kuj raug txwv.
Nyob ntawm cov kab mob pathology, tus kws kho hniav yuav qhia kom noj cov vitamins. Feem ntau nws yuav siv li ob peb lub hlis los ua kom tiav cov chav kawm.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Cov menyuam yaus, zoo li cov neeg laus, yuav tsum ua raws li txoj cai tiv thaiv. Tom qab ntawd koj tsis tas yuav mus rau tus kws kho hniav sai sai nrog qhov mob hnyav. Cov niam txiv yuav tsum saib xyuas kev ua raws li txoj cai tiv thaiv:
- Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom huv thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem huv hauv qhov ncauj. Tus menyuam yuav tsum tau yuav nws tus kheej txhuam hniav nrog cov txhuam hniav. Txoj kev txhuam hniav yog tswj tau zoo dua.
- Cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tsis txhob noj khoom qab zib ntau dhau. Kev txwv cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab cov khoom noj uas ua mob rau cov enamel kuj yuav tsum tau.
- Koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho hniav kom raws sijhawm. Tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau mus ntsib tsawg kawg 2 zaug hauv ib xyoos. Koj kuj yuav tsum tiv tauj nws ntawm thawj cov tsos mob ntawm caries lossis lwm yam kab mob.
Yog li ntawd, kev kho hniav rau cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau ua ib yam nkaus thaum muaj caries lossis lwm yamkab mob ntawm qhov ncauj. Kev mus ntsib kws kho hniav tsis tu ncua yuav tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj ntau yam kab mob.
