Tus neeg laus muaj 32 tus hniav, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus tshwm sim thaum yau. Plaub ntawm lawv tau tawg tsis pub dhau 17 xyoo. Feem ntau cov txheej txheem no yog nrog los ntawm qhov mob hnyav. Tab sis muaj coob tus tsis pom nws thiab tsis txawm paub qhov twg cov hniav txhab. Cov molars kawg, uas zoo li cov hniav nyob sib ze, yeej muaj qee yam nta.
Npe piav qhia
Txawm yog cov neeg uas paub zoo qhov twg cov hniav txawj ntse feem ntau tsis to taub yog vim li cas nws thiaj li hu ua. Nws ntseeg tau tias qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias nws tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog thaum ib tus neeg twb muaj qee qhov kev txawj ntse hauv ntiaj teb. Lawv raug txiav txawv rau txhua tus neeg, uas lees paub qhov kev xav no. Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog 17-20 xyoo, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm 30 lossis 40 xyoo.
Nyob thaum ub, nws ntseeg tias cov hniav no tsuas yog loj hlob hauv cov neeg uas twb pom lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub neej thiab tau mus txog kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv pej xeem tshuaj, nws tau ntseeg hais tias lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tshem tawm.
Qhov twghuman txawj ntse tooth
Daim duab ntawm lub puab tsaig noj qab haus huv ntawm tus neeg laus qhia tias cov molars zoo li tsis txawv ntawm cov hniav nyob sib ze. Lawv nyob ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kev kho hniav thiab feem ntau hu ua "yim" ntawm cov kws kho hniav. Cov no yog tib cov molars uas muaj qhov zom zom loj, zoo li lub thib rau thiab xya.
Ntawm no yog li cas txhua tus hniav raug suav: ntawm txhua lub puab tsaig ntawm nruab nrab muaj 8 cov hniav. Nws hloov tawm tias koj tuaj yeem yooj yim nrhiav seb muaj pes tsawg tus hniav uas tus neeg laus yuav tsum muaj. Ib qho ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv thiab sab qis ntawm txhua sab - tag nrho ntawm plaub. Yog tias ib qho ntawm lawv ploj lawm, nws txhais tau tias nws tseem tsis tau tawg lossis muaj qee qhov teeb meem hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob. Qee lub sij hawm ib tug neeg tsis txawm muaj rudiments ntawm ib los yog ntau tshaj ntawm cov molars. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog vim muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los lossis kev loj hlob ntawm lub puab tsaig.
Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los txiav txim siab qhov twg cov hniav ntse nyob ntawm koj tus kheej. Cov duab ntawm lub puab tsaig uas tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus qhia tias nws nyob ntawm ntug heev. Tab sis nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau pom nws nyob rau hauv daim iav, thiab nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom hnov nws nrog koj tus nplaig. Yog li ntawd, cov teeb meem tuaj yeem zam tau tsuas yog nrog kev mus ntsib kws kho hniav tsis tu ncua.
Tus qauv ntawm tus hniav ntse
Txhua tus tib neeg cov hniav sib txawv ntawm ib leeg hauv cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej muaj ib tug hauv paus hniav - incisors thiab canines. Lawv yog tsim los rau tom cov zaub mov. Nyob rau sab - premolars thiab molars nrog dav zom qhov chaw. Lawv feem ntau yog multi-rooted. Yog li ntawd yog tus ntse hniav. Nws hais txogmolars, thiab nws cov qauv tsis txawv ntawm lwm cov hniav zoo sib xws.
Qhov sib txawv yog nyob rau hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Lawv tuaj yeem yog los ntawm 2 mus rau 5, uas tsis zoo rau lwm cov molars. Yog tias ib lub hauv paus ntawm cov hniav ntse pom thaum tshem tawm, ces lawv tau loj hlob ua ke, uas tshwm sim ntau zaus.
Nws nta
Yav tag los tib neeg yeej tsis xav txog qhov twg tus neeg ntse hniav nyob qhov twg. Nws yog ib qho ntawm 32 tus hniav thiab ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li lwm tus. Tom qab ntawd kev zom zaub mov yuav tsum tau siv zog ntau, yog li nws nquag koom nrog cov txheej txheem ntawd. Tab sis dhau sij hawm, cov zaub mov tau softer, thiab lub yim molars pib suav hais tias relics ntawm yav dhau los. Yog li ntawd, lawv feem ntau ua teeb meem loj, vim lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
Tab sis ntau tus kws kho hniav nco ntsoov tias pathologies tshwm sim vim qhov tseeb tias lub puab tsaig ntawm tus neeg niaj hnub no tau txo qis, vim nws yuav tsum zom zaub mov tsawg dua, uas tau ua softer vim kev kho cua sov. Thiab paub qhov twg cov hniav ntse nyob, koj tuaj yeem nkag siab tias nws feem ntau tsuas yog tsis muaj chaw rau cov hniav.
Feem ntau, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 12, ib tug neeg twb muaj tag nrho 28 molars. Thiab yim ntawm lub hnub nyoog no tsuas yog tsim. Lawv pib tawg tsis pub dhau 17 xyoo. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev heev, hloov pauv qeeb, tom qab ntawd nrawm. Txawm tias tom qab tus hniav no tau tawg tag, nws cov hauv paus hniav tseem tsim tau ntau xyoo ntxiv. Nws hloov tawm tias nws loj hlob li 10 xyoo, thiab qee zaum ntxiv.
Lwm yam ntawm daim duab yim yog tias nws tshwm sim yam tsis muaj cov hniav mis yav dhau los. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau rhuav tshem cov pob txha ntawm lub puab tsaig ntawm nws tus kheej. Vim li no, feem ntau ntawm qhov chaw uas cov hniav txhab hniav tawg, muaj mob hnyav thiab mob.
Ntxhais hniav eruption
Yuav luag txhua cov hniav tshwm nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg thaum yau. Cov niam txiv ntawm cov menyuam yaus paub tias cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem ua nrog cov teeb meem dab tsi. Thiab paub qhov twg cov hniav hniav nyob rau hauv, ib tug neeg muaj peev xwm ua tau thaum liab thiab khaus ntawm cov pos hniav tshwm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no. Nws yog qhov zoo dua mus ntsib kws kho hniav nyob rau lub sijhawm thiab tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem. Thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm eruption ntawm cov molars feem ntau nrog mob. Thaum mob hnyav, mob hnyav tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Teeb meem nrog teething
Yog ib tug neeg tau tsim tag nrho plaub qhov ntawm yim molars, qhov no tsis txhais hais tias lawv yuav tawg tag nrho. Lawv tuaj yeem nyob hauv qhov tuab ntawm lub puab tsaig rau ntau yam laj thawj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kws kho hniav paub qhov txawv ntau yam ntawm cov kab mob no.
Txoj kev txawj ntse cov hniav yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum nws tsis tshwm sim tag nrho, ib feem ntawm nws yog npog los ntawm lub puab tsaig pob txha los yog cov pos hniav. Cov laj thawj rau qhov pathology no yuav yog nws txoj haujlwm tsis raug, thaum cov kev taw qhia ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau ntawm cov hniav uas nyob ib sab lossis sab plhu. Qee lub sij hawm nws kuj tsis muaj qhov chaw txaus hauv qhov chaw kho hniav. Txawm tsis pom los los tseem yog ib tug hniav uas puv nkaus, raug cov kab mob tib yam li tus so.
Nrog kev tawg mus ntev, thaum rau ob pebLub hlis, lossis txawm xyoo, cov pos hniav raug mob, pericoronitis tsim - mob ntawm mucosa.
Yog daim duab yim pib loj hlob, tab sis tsis nce raws li nws yuav tsum, tab sis rau sab, cov kab mob hauv qab no yuav tshwm sim:
- thaum nws so tawm tsam tus hniav uas nyob ib sab, nws ua rau nws puas tsuaj, kev loj hlob ntawm caries los yog periodontitis;
- yog tias daim duab yim loj hlob mus rau sab plhu, ib daim ntawv foob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas tuaj yeem loj hlob mus rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer;
- thaum loj hlob tuaj, cov hniav yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, txwv tsis pub muaj teeb meem loj tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog tsim lub hood ntawm cov pos hniav thiab nws qhov o;
- yog nws kov tus nplaig, nws ua rau raug mob thiab mob.
Kab mob ntawm cov hniav no
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm yim, tsis muaj qhov chaw hauv cov hniav, nrog rau cov calcium tsis txaus, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub no, ua rau pom ntau yam pathologies hauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov hniav no. Lawv feem ntau raug rau cov kab mob no:
- vim qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tu lawv, tartar tsim ntau zaus;
- rau qhov tib yam, lawv nquag mus rau caries, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim tam sim tom qab tawg;
- yog tias kab mob tsis kho raws sijhawm, pulpitis lossis periodontitis tshwm sim;
- vim qhov tseeb tias cov hniav ntse yuav tsum tau tawg los ntawm cov pos hniav uas muaj zog, mob hnyav heev tshwm sim, nrog rau kev qaug cawv, qaug zog, kub taub hau;
- yog tias cov hniav sab sauv raug rhuav tshem, nws tuaj yeem kis tau rau hauv maxillary kab noj hniav, uasyuav ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm sinusitis;
- pericoronitis yog cov txheej txheem muaj zog ntawm cov nqaij mos ntawm cov mucosa.
Kuv yuav tsum tshem lawv
Cov neeg niaj hnub puas xav tau cov hniav ntse? Cov lus nug no txaus siab rau ntau tus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg uas ntsib nrog lawv cov pathologies. Lawv ntseeg hais tias nws tsim nyog tshem cov molars sai li sai tau thaum lawv tawg, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem yooj yim dispensed nrog. Tib lub tswv yim muaj nyob ntawm cov kws kho hniav txawv teb chaws. Lawv sim tshem cov hniav ntse kom sai li sai tau thaum muaj teeb meem tshwm sim. Tab sis muaj lwm qhov kev xav. Cov kws kho mob Lavxias tab tom sim kho cov kab mob ntawm cov hniav no, tshem lawv tsuas yog tias tsim nyog:
- yog tias lawv tso tsis raug thiab loj tuaj rau sab;
- yog tias lawv ua rau mob lossis puas rau cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig;
- thaum nws tsis tuaj yeem kho kab mob vim yog cov hauv paus hniav nkhaus lossis nyuaj rau kev nkag mus;
- yog fistula, abscess lossis cyst tau tshwm sim;
- thaum pericoronitis lossis osteomyelitis tshwm sim.
Yuav ua li cas cov hniav tshem tawm
Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau nyuaj dua li tshem lwm cov hniav. Lub xeev no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov chaw sib sib zog nqus ntawm daim duab yim. Nws kuj yog ib qho nyuaj rau rub rau ntawm molar feem ntau vim qhov tseeb tias nws muaj ntau lub hauv paus thiab lawv tuaj yeem nkhaus, feem ntau txawm hooked. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus ntshai thaum daim duab yim nyob rau hauv lub puab tsaig sab sauv. Cov hauv paus hniav tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob maxillary puas thaum tshem tawm.
Kev txawj ntse hniav rho tawm yog yuav tsum tautshuaj loog. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub ua rau cov txheej txheem no tsis muaj mob. Mob yuav tshwm sim tom qab, tom qab cov tshuaj hnav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov txheej txheem nyuaj. Nws tuaj yeem kav ntev li ob peb hnub, thiab txawm tias muaj qhov kub thiab txias. Kev kho kom tiav ntawm lub qhov (socket) feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab ob peb lub hlis, txawm hais tias qhov chaw no mob tsis pub dhau 2 lub lis piam.
Thaum tsis rho tawm lawv
Tab sis tsis yog ib txwm tsim nyog los daws cov teeb meem uas tau tshwm sim hauv txoj kev no. Cov kws kho mob sim kho cov molar no yog tias tsis muaj cov hniav nyob ib sab ntawm nws. Tom qab ntawd ib tug dawb-standing ntse hniav yuav yog lub hauv paus rau prosthetics. Yog tias nws tsuas yog tawg, nws tuaj yeem maj mam txav mus rau qhov chaw ntawm cov hniav uas ploj lawm.
Tseem muaj cov contraindications uas nws tsim nyog tsis kam tshem tawm tag nrho lossis ib ntus:
- txheej txheem inflammatory hauv qhov ncauj;
- mob kis kab mob;
- pathology ntawm lub plawv;
- mob hlwb.
Yuav ua li cas txo qhov mob
Qhov mob ntawm teething kev txawj ntse cov hniav feem ntau muaj zog heev. Qhov mob tuaj yeem kis mus rau tag nrho lub puab tsaig, raws li nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob nws hloov cov hniav uas nyob ib sab, ua rau compression ntawm cov hlab ntsha xaus. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias daim duab yim tsis muaj qhov chaw txaus, nws raug yuam kom tawg los ntawm kev hloov cov hniav uas nyob ib sab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws rhuav tshem cov pob txha ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab cov pos hniav tuab. Nrog mob hnyav, nws raug nquahu kom noj ib ntsiav tshuaj ntawm "Analgin" lossis "Ketorol". Ua tsis tau sovib qho chaw mob los yog muab ntau yam tshuaj rau ntawm cov pos hniav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias muaj cov txheej txheem inflammatory.
Koj tuaj yeem yaug koj lub qhov ncauj nrog tshuaj ntsev thiab dej qab zib, tab sis nws yuav tsum txias. Koj tuaj yeem siv decoctions ntawm sage, chamomile, txiv qaub balm los yog ntoo qhib tawv rau qhov no. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm o, cov pos hniav yuav lubricated nrog hiav txwv buckthorn roj. Txhawm rau txo cov tsos mob ntawm cov hniav, yog tias cov txheej txheem no tsis tuaj nrog cov teeb meem, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj hauv qab no: ntxiv ib tablespoon ntawm hiav txwv ntsev, 10 g ntawm camphor cawv thiab 100 ml ntawm ammonia mus rau ib liter ntawm txias. dej. Lub paj rwb swab dipped nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj no yog siv rau cov pos hniav rau 10 feeb.
Yog ib tug neeg yuav tsum paub tias cov hniav txhab nyob qhov twg, raws li cov tsos mob ntawm cov hniav, nws yog qhov zoo dua mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Ces cov teeb meem yuav zam tau.
