mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau, mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau, lossis mob leukemia, yog ib yam kab mob loj thiab tsis txaus ntseeg uas nyuaj heev kom paub txog thaum ntxov. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov hlwb ntawm lub hematopoietic system. Cov kab mob pathology tsis muaj qhov chaw tshwj xeeb hauv cheeb tsam, cov hlwb cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob tau txav mus los thoob plaws lub cev, uas ua rau muaj ntau yam metastases. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob tsuas yog tuaj yeem ua tiav yog tias tus kab mob tau kuaj pom thaum ntxov thiab kev kho kom raug raug muab tshuaj tam sim.
hom mob qog noj ntshav
Kev kuaj mob ntawm "ntshav qog noj ntshav" hauv cov menyuam yaus lossis cov neeg laus tuaj yeem suav tias tsis yog tag nrho rau kev xa mus rau oncology uas cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntshav. Muaj ntau hom mob:
- Leukemia, lossis leukemia. Nrog rau daim ntawv no, neoplasm tshwm sim los ntawm leukocytes - pob txha pob txha hlwb. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem mob ntev lossis mob hnyav. Cov kab mob leukemia ntev yog tsim los ntawm cov leukocytes uas twb muaj lawm thiab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev mob me me. Mob pathology yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb uas tseem tsis tau matured thiab nws cov chav kawm yog nruj heev.
- Hematosarcomas los yogsarcomas. Lawv txawv los ntawm kev txhoj puab heev thiab tsim los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav.
Cov tib neeg nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qog nqaij hlav hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus txhais tau hais tias cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm cov ntshav, lymphosarcoma lossis leukemia. Hais lus ntawm cov kws kho mob, nws yuav yog qhov tseeb dua hu tus kab mob - hemoblastosis.
Yog vim li cas
Rau npe raws nraim qhov ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov menyuam yaus, qhov ua rau thiab qhov xwm txheej ua rau nws txoj kev loj hlob, txog tam sim no, tsis muaj ib tus kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem ua tau. Qhov ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv menyuam yaus yog qhov sib txawv:
- genetic predisposition;
- noj ib yam tshuaj;
- txhoj puab heev ntawm hluav taws xob;
- khaws cov carcinogens hauv lub cev;
- qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev puas tsuaj ib puag ncig.
Raws li kev soj ntsuam pom, feem ntau cov kab mob tshwm sim hauv lub cev uas muaj ntau yam sib koom ua ke ib zaug. Cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem pib los ntawm ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm tes, uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis pom, thiab nws nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Cov menyuam yug tshiab uas mob qog ntshav ntshav tuag ntau dua, vim tias lawv cov kab mob loj hlob sai, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tseem tsis zoo thiab tsis tuaj yeem tua cov hlwb uas cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kabmob.
Nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev fab tshuaj, tus kab mob tsis tshwm sim ntau zaus, tab sis tag nrho vim tias lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ib txwm ua haujlwm thiab tam sim ntawd pib tawm tsam cov hlwb hloov pauv. Tab sis txawm tias kev ua xua tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tus menyuam los ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav, yog li nws yog qhov zoo dua los mus kuaj mob tsis tu ncua.
Ntse thiab kho daim duab
As twbNws tau hais tias rau tus kab mob pib tsim nyob rau hauv lub cev, tsuas yog ib tug mutated cell yog txaus, uas lub cev tsis muaj peev xwm paub. Nws pib faib sai, uas yog vim li cas thawj cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav qog ntshav hauv cov menyuam yaus tshwm sim ntxov. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus me nyuam yau, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob kis tau sai.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas yog qhov zoo sib xws thiab tshwm sim tib yam li cov neeg laus. Thaum pib, tus kab mob no nyuaj rau kuaj pom, tab sis tseem muaj qee cov tsos mob uas yuav tsum yuam cov niam txiv kom ceev lawv tus menyuam mus rau kws kho mob tshwj xeeb:
- somatic manifestations muaj xws li qaug zog, tsaug zog los yog, conversely, insomnia;
- qhov txhab thiab qhov txhab ntawm daim tawv nqaij kho qeeb dhau;
- xiav lub voj voog raug pom nyob ib puag ncig lub qhov muag, daim tawv nqaij tig daj ntseg;
- cov pos hniav los ntshav, ntshav ntswg ntau;
- tus me nyuam feem ntau raug kab mob thiab kis kab mob.
Tag nrho cov no yog thawj cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav qog ntshav hauv menyuam yaus, thiab yog tias tsawg kawg ib ntawm lawv tau pom hauv tus menyuam mos, ces nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab kuaj xyuas kom paub meej. yog vim li cas thiab pib kho sai.
Symptomatics
Yog thawj cov cim qhia tsis tau hais thiab cov niam txiv tsis tuaj yeem paub txog tus kab mob loj hauv lawv, ces cov tsos mob hnyav dua tshwm sim nyob rau theem tom ntej ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav. Lawv kuj tsis tuaj yeem khi rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm leukemia. Clinical daim duab ntawm tus kab mobyam ntxwv raws li hauv qab no:
- kub nce me ntsis yam tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim;
- mob hauv lub hauv caug thiab lub luj tshib;
- Ntau pob txha fragility;
- ua kom tsis qab los noj mov, tus menyuam tseem tsis tau nyiam nws txoj kev nyiam;
- kiv taub hau, nquag migraines;
- fainting;
- poob kev txaus siab hauv ntiaj teb ib puag ncig, kev xav tsis tu ncua.
Hauv qee cov menyuam yaus, ntshav qog ntshav tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov qog ntshav hauv lub siab thiab tus po, vim qhov no, lub plab loj dua, muaj qhov o ntawm peritoneum. Nyob rau theem tom ntej, pom pob liab liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab qhov ncauj mucosa los ntshav. Yog tias muaj qhov txhab ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, ces cov tsos mob no tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej, vim tias cov qog ua tuab, tab sis tsis mob. Nrog cov tsos mob zoo li no, lawv maj nrawm nrhiav kev pab los ntawm kws kho mob thiab ua ultrasound ntawm thaj chaw uas xav tau.
ntsuas ntsuas
Ntshav qog nqaij hlav cancer yog ib yam kab mob uas nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob, yog li, txhawm rau kuaj mob, xav tau kev sib koom ua ke, uas suav nrog cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
- Tau tshuaj xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho mob oncologist uas yuav tshuaj xyuas cov lus tsis txaus siab, nrog rau tus kws kho mob hematologist.
- Kev kawm txog cov khoom siv roj ntsha tseem yuav pab tshawb xyuas cov ntshav qog ntshav hauv cov menyuam yaus. Kev kuaj ntshav thiab biochemistry yog txoj kev kuaj mob tseem ceeb.
- pob txha pob txha yog kuaj los ntawm sternal puncture los yogtrepanobiopsy.
- Immunophenotyping pab txiav txim qhov subtype ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav thiab yuav tso cai rau koj xaiv txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws.
- Cytology tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj rau chromosomes, txiav txim siab qib ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav.
- Molecular genetic diagnostics qhia qhov txawv txav ntawm qib molecular.
- Kev kuaj ntxiv muab lub sijhawm los kuaj xyuas cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cov kua hauv lub hlwb.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho cov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog los txiav txim qhov xwm txheej ntawm neoplasm, theem ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, qib ntawm aggressiveness thiab tsim kom muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov pob txha pob txha. Tsuas yog tom qab tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau txais, yog ib qho kev kho mob ib tus neeg xaiv rau txhua tus menyuam yaus, suav nrog hom mob qog noj ntshav, txhua tus yuav tsum tau noj qee yam tshuaj thiab ua cov kev ntsuas dav.
theem mob qog noj ntshav
Nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav kev kho kom zoo yog tias koj tsis tsim cov theem ntawm cov qog ntshav hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov cim qhia yuav tsis yog ib txwm qhia tus kab mob no, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li tag nrho cov kev tshawb fawb pom zoo. Kev faib ua theem tso cai rau tus kws kho mob oncologist los txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm neoplasm, ntau npaum li cas nws cuam tshuam rau lub cev, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov muaj metastases thiab cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kabmob. Cancer muab faib ua cov theem hauv qab no:
- Thawj yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum cov hlwb hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv lub cev, uas muaj cov qauv sib txawv thiab cov tsos mob, dhau li ntawd, lawv sib faib tas li. Nyob rau theem no, mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem kho tau yooj yim thiab kho sai yam tsis muajua phem rau tus menyuam.
- Qhov thib ob yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov hlwb cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob pib ua pawg thiab cov qog nqaij hlav. Tab sis lub sijhawm no, kev kho mob tuaj yeem muab txoj hauv kev zoo rau lub neej tag nrho, vim tias tsis tau pom cov metastases.
- Qhov thib peb yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov qog nqaij hlav cancer tau loj dua ntau zaus, lawv twb tau tsoo cov kab mob lymphatic thiab pib kis mus rau lwm yam kabmob thiab lub cev, metastases tshwm nyob rau ntau qhov chaw.
Qhov thib plaub txaus ntshai tshaj plaws thiab tsis zoo rau tus neeg mob, vim tias cov kab mob metastases tau kis mus rau yuav luag txhua lub cev. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj khomob txo qis ntau zaus, thiab tag nrho vim cov qog, thiab muaj ntau ntawm lawv, hnov mob txawv rau nws. Tsis muaj leej twg muab kev kwv yees nyob rau theem no
Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov menyuam yaus
Tau ntau tshaj li kaum xyoo, cov kws tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb tau nrhiav tshuaj uas tuaj yeem kho mob qog noj ntshav hauv menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Tab sis txog tam sim no lawv tseem nrhiav tsis tau cov tshuaj li no, yog li ntawd txoj kev kho mob yog raws li kev kho mob thiab hloov cov pob txha pob txha.
Tshuaj khomob yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob, uas cov tshuaj lom tau txhaj rau hauv tus neeg mob cov ntshav ntau ntau. Lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog ua kom puas tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Tab sis txoj kev no muaj ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb - qhov tsis xaiv ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj. Tom qab tag nrho, cov hlwb noj qab haus huv tuag nrog rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Cov ntaub so ntswg loj hlob sai yog thawj zaug raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev kho mob:
- cov plaub hau;
- pob txha pob txha;
- cells ntawm digestive system.
Tib lub sijhawm, cov menyuam yaus, zoo li cov neeg laus, muaj kev xeev siab, raws plab thiab plaub hau poob. Nrog rau cov teebmeem ntawm kev siv tshuaj khomob, lwm yam tshwm sim: poob qab los noj mov, anemia thiab leukopenia.
Tom qab siv tshuaj khomob, cov menyuam yaus feem ntau tau muab cov ntshav los hloov cov qe ntshav liab thiab cov platelets uas ploj lawm. Raws li ntau tus kws tshaj lij tau pom, kev kho mob zoo li no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau menyuam yaus dua li cov neeg laus. Cov ntawv txheeb cais hais tias xya ntawm kaum tus menyuam yaus tom qab siv tshuaj khomob muaj sia nyob thiab ua neej nyob puv npo.
Surgery
Kev hloov pob txha pob txha tau ua rau qee qhov tsis tshua muaj, vim nws tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tus neeg pub dawb tas li. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov kev ua haujlwm no tsis tuaj yeem hu ua kev hloov pauv, thiab tag nrho vim tias cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog kev qhia cov pob txha pob txha los ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv pub dawb rau tus neeg mob.
Tab sis ua ntej qhov txheej txheem no, tag nrho nws cov hlwb "neeg" uas tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav tau raug rhuav tshem hauv tus menyuam mob uas siv tshuaj khomob. Thaum lub sij hawm no manipulation, cov qog nqaij hlav cancer thiab noj qab nyob zoo tuag. Txoj kev no tsuas yog siv rau cov menyuam yaus yog tias qhov mob qog noj ntshav hnyav dhau lawm thiab lwm txoj hauv kev tsis tau muab kev pab. Cov txheeb ze feem ntau yog pub dawb rau ib tug me nyuam.
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm thiab ua ntej cov pob txha hloov pauv pibua haujlwm tau zoo, cov neeg mob muaj peev xwm kis tau tus kab mob ntau dhau, yog li lawv tau mus rau lub chaw kho mob lub sijhawm no.
Cov neeg mob qog ntshav ntshav nyob ntev npaum li cas?
Txawm tias cov kws tshaj lij tsis tuaj yeem sau cov tsos mob thiab ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv menyuam yaus. Tom qab tag nrho, feem ntau nws tsis yooj yim sua kom paub tias yog vim li cas tus me nyuam ntawm cov niam txiv noj qab haus huv poob mob. Nws kuj tseem tsis tuaj yeem hu ua qhov pom tseeb ntawm tus kab mob no, vim hais tias txog thaum lub sijhawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua asymptomatic. Muaj ntau yam laj thawj, qhov tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau kuaj tus kab mob hauv lub sijhawm thiab pib kho.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais meej tias tus menyuam mob qog noj ntshav yuav nyob ntev npaum li cas. Tseeb, raws li kev xyaum qhia, ntau tus neeg uas kws kho mob twb tsis kam kho, hais txog qhov tseeb tias tsis muaj dab tsi yuav pab tau lawv, tseem nyob tau ntau xyoo tom qab ntawd. Txhua yam, ntawm chav kawm, nyob ntawm theem uas tau kuaj pom tus kab mob thiab xaiv kev kho mob dab tsi. Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj leej twg yuav muab cov lus qhia tseeb.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Vim qhov tseeb tias qhov mob qog noj ntshav tseem tsis tau kawm tiav, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob no. Koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob yog tias koj txo qis kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam:
- Nyob deb ntawm qhov chaw muaj xov tooj cua.
- Kev tiv thaiv menyuam yaus yuav tsum muaj zog.
- Ua tawv tawv.
- Qhia ntau cov zaub mov cog thiab tsis muaj carcinogens rau hauv kev noj haus.
- Txhawb txoj kev ua neej nyob.
- Nyob ib ntus, tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug, raug kuaj xyuas.
Zoo kawg
Raws li tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv kab lus, ntshav qog ntshav hauv cov menyuam yaus yog ib yam kab mob loj thiab tsis zoo,leej twg nrhiav tau. Tias yog vim li cas koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tig qhov muag tsis pom kev rau thawj cov cim qhia uas tsis ib txwm qhia tias nws yog mob qog noj ntshav. Txhua tus tsos mob yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas, tib txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv tus menyuam los ntawm kev mob hnyav. Cov niam txiv yuav tsum nyob ib puag ncig lawv tus menyuam nrog kev saib xyuas thiab muab nws txoj kev ua neej zoo.
