Thyroid goiter - yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog xws li ib tug pathological nce nyob rau hauv cov thyroid caj pas vim kev loj hlob ntawm nws cov ntaub so ntswg. Tus mob no tsis suav tias yog ib qho kab mob sib cais, nws hais txog cov tsos mob ntawm ntau yam mob. Qhov sib koom ua ke tag nrho cov tsos mob no yog tias lawv cuam tshuam nrog cov thyroid caj pas. Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntxiv, cov thyroid caj pas yuav loj, uas provokes squeezing ntawm cov khoom nruab nrog cev, nrog rau cov ntaub so ntswg. Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm tus mob no, kev ua haujlwm hormonal ntawm cov thyroid caj pas cuam tshuam. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem zoo li no, nws yuav tsum nkag siab ntau ntxiv txog qhov ua rau goiter, cov txheej txheem ntawm nws txoj kev kho.
Thyroid goiter - yog dab tsi?
Diffuse toxic goiter (autoimmune hyperthyroidism) yog ib yam kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev tso tawm ntau dhau ntawm cov thyroid hormones los ntawm cov thyroid caj pas loj, ua rau cov kab mob metabolic thiabkev loj hlob ntawm pathological kev hloov nyob rau hauv txawv nruab nrog cev, systems. Hais txog qhov tseeb tias qhov no yog goiter ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov no yog ib qho mob heev, tshwm sim los ntawm thyrotoxicosis syndrome. Nws suav txog li ntawm 80% ntawm txhua kis.
Diffuse thyroid goiter - yog dab tsi?
Diffuse toxic goiter (Graves' disease, Graves' disease, Parry's disease, diffuse thyrotoxic goiter, Flayani's disease) yog kab mob autoimmune, thiab nws yog raws li qhov tsis xws luag hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, vim tias cov hlwb pib ua haujlwm. tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov thyroid caj pas.
Peb tseem xav txog qhov nws yog - diffuse goiter ntawm thyroid caj pas. Nws muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw. Feem ntau tus kab mob no tshwm sim rau cov neeg mob hnub nyoog 20 txog 50 xyoo, thaum cov poj niam raug kev txom nyem los ntawm nws tsib mus rau kaum npaug ntau dua li cov txiv neej.
Ua rau kab mob
Tam sim no koj paub tias nws yog thyroid goiter. Toxic goiter yog ib yam kab mob autoimmune uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los.
Diffuse toxic goiter is a geneticized autoimmune disease that can be provoked by various mental traumas, mob, chronic infections, insolation loj, noj ntau npaum li cas ntawm iodine npaj.
Goiter tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog ob qho tib si hyperthyroidism thiab hypothyroidism. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov laj thawj hauv cov xwm txheej no yuav yogtxawv kiag li. Hypothyroidism tshwm sim vim qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov tshuaj hormones. Thiab qhov no tau txhawb nqa los ntawm cov hauv qab no:
- Kev ua txhaum cai ntawm kev ua cov tshuaj hormones los ntawm cov qog endocrine.
- Siv cov khoom goitrogenic zoo li cassava.
- Kev noj tshuaj.
Hypothyroidism yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov plaub hau poob, daj ntseg ntawm daim tawv nqaij qhuav, tsis qab los noj mov, rau tes nkig. Cov kab mob sib txawv yog hyperthyroidism. Hauv qhov no, cov thyroid hormones pib tsim tawm ntau dhau lawm. Goiter hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no tshwm sim los ntawm cov laj thawj hauv qab no:
- Thyroid cancer.
- YThyroiditis (inflammatory lesion ntawm caj pas).
- Graves' disease.
Tus kab mob ntawm benign thiab malignant qog ntawm cov thyroid caj pas tseem tsis tau nkag siab tag nrho. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, cov kws tshaj lij txiav txim siab tias vim muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau cov teeb meem tsis zoo, cov hlwb ntawm cov khoom nruab nrog cev no pib faib tsis tau. Vim li no, lawv cov lej nce, thiab cov qog kuj tsim. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog cov thyroid-stimulating hormone, nrog rau cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov noob hloov pauv.
Cov laj thawj rau kev txhim kho ntawm goiter yuav tsum muaj xws li:
- ib puag ncig tsis zoo.
- Hereditary predisposition.
- kab mob chronic.
- Kev tsis zoo ntawm qee yam hauv nruab nrog cev tom qab hnub nyoog 50.
- YPituitary adenoma.
- Cov neeg laus laus.
- Tuberculosis ntawm cov thyroid.
- Hormonaldeviations thaum cev xeeb tub thiab menopause.
- tus cwj pwm phem.
- Stagnation of blood or lymph.
- Kev puas siab puas ntsws overload.
Symptoms
Thiab cov tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid goiter hauv poj niam thiab txiv neej yog dab tsi? Lub peculiarity ntawm pathology nyob rau hauv lub fact tias nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob nws yog kiag li asymptomatic. Tab sis tom qab ntawd thaj tsam sab hauv ntawm lub caj dab pib bulge, thiab kuj swells nyob rau hauv Adas lub txiv apple cheeb tsam. Qhov no yog pom thaum lub pob tau mus txog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1-2 cm. Thaum lub sij hawm palpation ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, cov cheeb tsam ntawm compaction yog hnov nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub caj dab. Feem ntau, lub cev yuav tsum elastic thiab homogeneous. Raws li cov qog loj zuj zus tuaj, nws pib ua rau lub siab nyob ze ntawm lub cev. Koj tuaj yeem pom tag nrho cov no hauv daim duab ntawm cov thyroid goiter.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob goiter yws rau tus kws kho mob txog qhov tsis muaj zog, khaus khaus heev, ntxhov siab, tsis xis nyob, pw tsaug zog, tsis tshua pw tsaug zog, tawm hws, tsis kam mus rau qhov kub siab, palpitations, mob hauv plawv cheeb tsam. stabbing los yog squeezing xwm, muaj zog qab los noj mov, tab sis txawm qhov no, poob phaus, raws plab.
Koj tuaj yeem hais dab tsi ntxiv txog cov tsos mob ntawm nodular thyroid goiter? Lub caj pas yog diffusely loj, tab sis lub degree ntawm o feem ntau tsis sib haum mus rau qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob. Raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj ib tug pronounced soj ntsuam hom diffuse toxic goiter, cov thyroid caj pas yog me ntsis loj, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau palpate, vim hais tias qhov nce tshwm sim vim lub lateral lobes ntawm lub cev, uas nyob ze ze. raulub ntsws. Feem ntau, lub caj pas diffusely nthuav mus rau II-III degree, nws yog tuab ntawm palpation, thiab qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xav ntawm cov kab mob goiter, tshwj xeeb, nrog kev nce asymmetric.
Cov tsos mob ntawm diffuse toxic goiter yog txuam nrog kev tso tawm ntau dhau ntawm cov tshuaj hormones, nrog rau lawv cov kev cuam tshuam rau ntau yam hauv nruab nrog cev, cov ntaub so ntswg, tshwj xeeb, nrog rau kev nce hauv tshav kub, nce hauv tib neeg oxygen noj, uas yog rau Qee qhov cuam tshuam nrog kev tsis sib txuas ntawm oxidative phosphorylation.
Kev cuam tshuam txog cov kab mob plawv tshwm sim lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tachycardia, tawm tsam ntawm atrial fibrillation, tsim ntawm nws daim ntawv mus tas li, thaum nrog kev loj hlob ntawm insufficiency.
Hauv cov neeg laus, thyrotoxicosis tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej nkaus xwb nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm atrial fibrillation, thiab qhov no nthuav tawm qee qhov teeb meem rau kev kuaj mob.
Muaj zog qab los noj mov (tab sis kuj tuaj yeem txo qis hauv cov neeg laus), nqhis dej, ua rau plab zom mov, raws plab, mob plab me me, qee zaum mob daj ntseg.
Kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxhov siab heev, ntxhov siab, kev xav, kev xav hloov, tsis muaj peev xwm mloog, pw tsis tsaug zog, tsis tshua muaj kev nyuaj siab, kev puas siab puas ntsws. Kev puas siab puas ntsws tiag yog tsawg.
Nrog diffuse toxic goiter, feem ntau cov yam ntxwv txawv txav ntawm lub qhov muag. Lub palpebral fissure yog dilated, uas ua rau tus neeg mob lub tswv yim ntawm kev npau taws, xav tsis thoob, lossis ntshai saib. Dilated palpebral fissures muab lub tswv yim ntawm exophthalmos. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm ophthalmopathy, uas feem ntau ua ke nrog diffuse goiter. Tsis tshua muaj blinking kuj yog tus yam ntxwv, pigmentation ntawm daim tawv muag, raws li txoj cai, nrog rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab hnyav ntawm tus kab mob.
Kev tsis txaus siab:
- faus;
- Khiachim siab, rhuav tshem, tsis sib haum xeeb, cuam tshuam;
- pw tsis tsaug zog;
- tawm hws, tsis zoo rau qhov kub;
- ntiv tes tshee;
- muscle tsis muaj zog;
- subfebrile lub cev kub;
- protrusion ntawm lub qhov muag (exophthalmos);
- lub plawv dhia, tsawg lub cev tsis ua haujlwm;
- dyspepsia, poob ceeb thawj, nce qab los;
- kev tawm tsam mob plab hauv plab;
- kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem (hauv poj niam) thiab impotence (hauv txiv neej).
Kev mob nkeeg
Rau daim ntawv me me ntawm cov kab mob toxic goiter, cov tsos mob hauv qab no yog tus yam ntxwv:
- txo qis hauv lub cev hnyav hauv tus neeg mob los ntawm 10-15% ntawm qhov qub;
- tachycardia 90-100 bpm.
Nrog thyrotoxicosis nruab nrab, cov tsos mob hauv qab no yuav raug pom:
- lub cev hnyav poob li 20%;
- tachycardia txog 120 bpm.
Nyob rau hauv tus kab mob hnyav - cov cim hauv qab no:
- muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm poob tag;
- tachycardia tshaj 120 bpm;
- kab mob kis tau nyuaj: atrial fibrillation, plawv tsis ua haujlwm, swblub siab.
Cov teeb meem ntawm diffuse toxic goiter
Yog tias kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav hauv cov thyroid caj pas lossis lwm yam tsis tau pib ua haujlwm raws sijhawm, cov teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb, muaj teeb meem thyrotoxic. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no: kev ntxhov siab hnyav nrog kev xav thiab hnov qab, ntuav ntuav, raws plab, ua npaws, leeg nqaij hypotension, tachycardia txog li 150-200 ib feeb, atrial fibrillation.
Kev kuaj ntshav qhia qhov txo qis ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no: potassium, sodium, chloride hauv ntshav. Metabolic alkalosis tshwm.
Qib kawg ntawm kev kub ntxhov yog kev loj hlob ntawm coma, uas ua rau tus neeg mob tuag.
Yog vim li cas koj yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog tus kab mob yog tias koj muaj kev xav tias nws txoj kev loj hlob. Thaum thawj tus tsos mob, nco ntsoov sab laj nrog kws kho mob uas yuav muab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab kho yog tias kuaj pom tseeb.
Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob toxic goiter
Yuav ua li cas kho cov thyroid goiter? Kev kho cov kab mob toxic goiter tuaj yeem ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas.
Hais txog yuav ua li cas kho goiter ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias txoj kev kho yog complex. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau txais, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, kev noj haus zoo, nyob rau hauv kev noj haus uas yuav muaj ib tug txaus cov vitamins, microelements. Cov qauv pw tsaug zog ib txwm yuav tsum tau rov qab los, thiab ntau yam tshuaj sedatives yuav tsum tau siv rau lub hom phiaj no.
Tshem tawm cov thyroid goiter yog qhia rau mob thyrotoxicosis,nce loj hauv cov thyroid caj pas, thaum muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj antithyroid, thaum tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tom qab kev kho mob.
Cov ntaub ntawv hnyav ntawm cov kab mob toxic goiter thiab thyrotoxic ntsoog tau kho hauv tsev kho mob uas tus neeg mob tau so lub hlwb thiab lub cev. Kev noj zaub mov nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov kab mob metabolic, yuav tsum muaj calorie ntau ntau thiab yooj yim digestible.
Kev kho mob
Nyob ntawm qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb, nrog rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov kab mob, cov tshuaj los ntawm ntau pawg tau sau tseg. Thaum lub sij hawm txais tos, cov thyroid caj pas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas nyob rau hauv dynamics. Nrog hypofunction, tshuaj yog siv los ua kom cov tshuaj hormones. Cov no suav nrog "Tireotom", "Levothyroxine". Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hyperthyroidism, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, cov tshuaj siv los thaiv qhov kev tso tawm ntau dhau ntawm cov tshuaj hormones. Cov no suav nrog Mercazolil, Propylthiouracil.
Ua ib qho ntxiv, cov nyiaj tau sau tseg uas muaj iodine hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Ua ntej siv qee yam tshuaj, nco ntsoov nyeem cov lus qhia rau kev siv. Nco ntsoov tias koj yuav tsum noj tshuaj yam tsis muaj kws kho mob sau ntawv.
Yog tias kho tsis tau, kev phais raug qhia. Cov thyroid goiter nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no raug tshem tawm phais.
Khoom noj khoom haus
Ib yam yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm thyrotoxicosis, kev noj haus yog qhia kom rov zooimpaired metabolism thiab them nqi zog. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg muaj ib tug diffuse goiter, ces nws xav tau ib tug ntxiv calorie cov ntsiab lus vim qhov nce ntawm cov protein, rog thiab carbohydrates. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau kev siv cov zaub mov noj qab haus huv, nrog rau kev tshem tawm cov teeb meem. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov txuj lom, ntsev, dej cawv, carbohydrates yooj yim, nrog rau zib ntab, pasta, khoom qab zib, jam, hmoov nplej dawb, thiab khoom qab zib yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm koj cov khoom noj. Cov kws tshaj lij kuj tseem qhia kom tshem tawm cov tsiaj rog ntawm lawv cov zaub mov, xws li nqaij ib nrab tiav, cov khoom noj siv mis, pates, thiab hnyuv ntxwm. Ua ke nrog qhov no, yuav tsum tso kas fes.
Yog tias cov thyroid ua haujlwm txo qis, ces cov zaub mov yuav tsum muaj cov rog tsawg thiab calories. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog thiaj li yuav txo tau qhov hnyav, txij li hauv cov neeg uas muaj hypothyroidism nws nce.
Raws li rau hyperthyroidism, qhov no, cov neeg mob tau muab cov khoom noj uas muaj calorie ntau ntau, tab sis tsis pom zoo noj zaub mov thaum noj su. Feem ntau, kev noj haus yuav tsum noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub ntau dua, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom suav nrog figs hauv koj cov zaub mov. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los hloov cov nqaij nruab deg, cov ntawv qhia zaub mov suav nrog salmon, hiav txwv bass, tuna, saury, cws thiab mussels. Seaweed yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj, raws li nws yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv iodine. Koj yuav tsum nquag noj nqaij nyug nqaij nyug thiab qe, nce cov khoom noj siv mis hauv koj cov zaub mov. Kuj nco ntsoov tias cov kws tshaj lijpom zoo kom noj cov ntses rog ntau dua.
tshuaj ntsuab
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm nodular goiter ntawm cov thyroid caj pas tshwm sim, koj tuaj yeem mus rau cov tshuaj ib txwm siv, tab sis tsuas yog tau tso cai los ntawm kws kho mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li kev kho mob yog siv ua ke nrog lub ntsiab. Kev kho cov thyroid goiter nrog cov tshuaj pej xeem suav nrog kev siv cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- 30 g ntawm muv tuag yuav tsum tau crushed rau hauv gruel. Ncuav 500 ml dej, coj mus rau ib tug boil. Simmer tshaj qis cua sov rau ib nrab ib teev. Txias, lim thiab khaws cia rau hauv lub tub yees. Rau kev txais tos, noj ib tablespoon ntawm cov nyiaj txhua hnub. Noj ua ntej pw. Lub sijhawm kho yog 21 hnub.
- 30g valerian, 50g hawthorn txiv hmab txiv ntoo, 20g mint, 25g motherwort. Sib tov tag nrho cov zaub raw cov ntaub ntawv, grind mus rau ib homogeneous gruel. Sib tov, muab tso rau hauv ib lub thawv. Ncuav dej npau npau tshaj 25 g ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv, tawm rau ib nrab ib teev, qhwv nrog ib tug phuam. Cov cuab yeej lim. Faib cov dej tiav tiav rau hauv ob qho kev noj, haus txhua hnub.
- Sau ib lub hub uas tsis muaj menyuam ib nrab nrog cov nyom celandine. Sau rau saum nrog vodka. Infuse rau ob lub lis piam, ib ntus co lub thawv. Noj thawj hnub, ob tee, diluted nyob rau hauv 50 ml ntawm dej dawb. Tom qab ntawd ntxiv plaub tee. Txhua hnub nce tus nqi los ntawm ob tee kom txog thaum koj ncav cuag 16. Noj cov tshuaj zaum kawg rau ib hlis. Tom qab ntawd so 10 hnub. Rov ua cov txheej txheem kho mob, pib tam sim nrog 16 tee.
Kev kho mob goiter pej xeem tshuajthyroid caj pas yuav tsum tau pom zoo nrog tus kws kho mob. Txwv tsis pub, koj tsuas tuaj yeem ua mob rau koj tus kheej xwb. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev kho mob ntawm nodular goiter ntawm cov thyroid caj pas qhia tias txoj kev kho yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev nyuaj. Ces nws yuav siv tau ntau dua.
Yog li, peb tau saib cov tsos mob thiab kho cov thyroid goiter sab hauv. Yog tias xav tias, tsis txhob quav ntsej tus kab mob. Txwv tsis pub, yuav muaj teeb meem.
