Kev kis kab mob helminths, lossis helminthiasis, yog kab mob kis los ntawm tib neeg kab mob. Niaj hnub no, cov kws tshaj lij muaj ntau dua 350 hom helminths uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob cab hauv tib neeg lub cev. Qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm lawv cov concentration yog cov hnyuv, tab sis muaj qee yam kab mob uas nyob hauv lwm yam kabmob - lub plawv, siab, ntsws, hlwb, thiab lwm yam.
yam ntxwv dav dav
Nyob ntawm cov kab mob cab dab tsi hauv tib neeg lub cev, muab lub npe ntawm tus kab mob sib kis. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam tau pom tias muaj cov kab mob roundworms, tom qab ntawd cov kab mob yuav hu ua "ascariasis", thiab lwm yam. Lub npe ntawm txhua tus kab mob kab mob hu ua helminthiasis. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg mob yuav tsum paub seb hom kab mob twg yuav tsum tau kov yeej. Txoj kev kho mob txawv nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob cab, vim li cas cov tshuaj siv ntau yam.
Helminths mus txog qee theem ntawm lub neej - lub qe hloov mus ua larva, nws loj hlob mus rau hauv tus neeg laus, uas, dhau los, nteg qe thiab, ua tiav lub voj voog. Lub neej, tuag, thaum cov kab mob tuag, co toxins, cov khoom pov tseg ntawm lawv cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tshuaj lom hauv ib puag ncig ntawm lub cev thiab maj mam tso tawm.
Muaj qee yam ntawm cov kab mob parasites - qee qhov ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub voj voog ntawm cov larvae lossis qe tsim hauv av, dej lossis hauv lub cev ntawm tsiaj, ntses. Thiab qhov kawg theem nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev. Muaj lwm hom helminths uas nteg qe hauv tib neeg txoj hnyuv, tab sis lub sijhawm kawg ntawm lub neej dhau mus sab nraum tib neeg lub cev. Vim li no, ntau hom kab mob helminth tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv kev kuaj mob.
Kab mob, nyob ntawm qhov chaw, hom kab mob cab, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev kawm - los ntawm latent thiab sluggish mus rau tuag. Kev kis kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev, piv txwv li, los ntawm kev ntxuav tsis zoo ntawm cov zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tes qias neeg, khawb ntawm daim tawv nqaij lossis los ntawm kab tom. Raws li WHO, cov neeg mob kis tus kab mob helminths muaj ntau zaus raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm txhua lub teb chaws uas muaj tus mob khaub thuas, SARS. Qib ntawm kev kis tus kab mob tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua neej nyob, cov txheeb cais rau txhua lub tebchaws yog kwv yees li qub.
Symptoms
Nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm cov cim pom tseeb tias helminths tau nyob hauv lub cev. Cov tsos mob feem ntau tsis tuaj lossis lawv qhov tshwm sim tau qeeb rau ob peb lub hlis, qee hom kab mob tshwm sim yuav luag tam sim tom qab kev ntxeem tau. Piv txwv li, ascariasis tau kuaj pom nyob rau hnub thib ob lossis thib peb, thiab filariasis tsuas yog kuaj tau tom qab 6 lub hlis lossis tom qab 1.5 xyoo.
Cov cim qhia ntawm helminthiasis:
- daim tawv nqaij ua pob khaus nrog khaus.
- Zoo los yog qhov o hauv zos.
- Fever.
- Nyob rau hauv ib pawg ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav.
- mob tsis tu ncua lossis rov tshwm sim hauv cov leeg, pob qij txha.
- hnoos tsis mob khaub thuas, mob hauv siab, ua rau tsis taus pa.
- mob plab, xeev siab, quav quav, ntuav.
Ib tus kab mob uas tsis muaj kev kho mob kom raug mus rau theem mob, qhov txhab kis tsis tau rau hauv nruab nrog cev, tab sis kuj rau lub cev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov kws kho mob tau sau ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas rau helminths.
Cov tsos mob ntawm lub cev puas tsuaj loj:
- Impaired hemostasis.
- Meningoencephalitis.
- Pneumonia.
- Myocarditis ntawm kev tsis haum xeeb.
- Hepatitis.
Tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho ntawm tus neeg mob helminthiasis, pom qhov nce ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau daim siab, tus po (hepatosplenomegaly), kev kuaj ntshav yuav pom eosinophils siab, thiab qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov protein (dysproteinemia.) yuav tshwm sim.
Kev tshwm sim ntawm hom kab mob helminthiasis
Cov kab mob ntev muaj nws tus kheej cov tsos mob, daim duab kho mob txawv nyob ntawm seb lub cev uas cov helminths tau kis. Kev kho mob yog sau tseg tom qab txiav txim seb hom kab mob cab twg yog tus kab mob. Ib qho kev kis tus kab mob me me yuav tsis pom cov tsos mob, thaum cov qauv loj yuav qhia tag nrho cov cim thaum lawv loj tuaj.
MuajFeem ntau kuaj mob helminthiasis yog raws li nram no:
- Tshuaj plab. Cov tsos mob yog xeev siab, mob plab. Yog tias cov hnyuv raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob roundworms, tom qab ntawd thaum cov pej xeem loj hlob tuaj, kev cuam tshuam, obstructive jaundice yuav raug pom, tus kab mob pancreatitis kuj raug kuaj pom. Enterobiasis ntawm kev ntxeem tau loj yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov khaus perianal hnyav thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj.
- kab mob siab (opisthorchiasis, fascioliasis, thiab lwm yam) yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob ntev ntawm kab mob siab, mob pancreatitis, mob paj hlwb.
- Cov kab mob ntshav (ankylostomiasis) feem ntau qhia tau tias muaj hlau tsis txaus anemia. Nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv siab heev, vascular los ntshav tau pom, tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
- YCestodoses (hymenolipedosis, teniarinhoz, teniasis, thiab lwm yam). Cov cim qhia meej ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog qhov tsis muaj vitamin B 12 (ib hom kab mob ntshav qab zib). Cov neeg mob tuaj yeem soj ntsuam cov kab mob hauv cov quav los yog cov kab mob uas txav mus los ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Toxocariasis yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm pulmonary thiab plab syndromes, CNS tsis meej pom, nce eosinophils hauv kev kuaj ntshav, qhov muag raug cuam tshuam.
- Qee yam kab mob helminthiasis mus ntev tsis muaj tsos mob. Kev yug me nyuam, kab mob ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog, foci ntawm suppuration yog tsim, worms nteg cysts nrog qe, rupture ntawm abscess los yog masonry yuav ua rau pleurisy, anaphylactic shock thiab lwm yam loj txim rau lub cev.
Diagnosis
Kev tshawb fawb rau cov kab mob helminth yog qhov nyuaj heev thiab muab faib ua pawg:
- Morphological - tshawb fawbcov ntaub so ntswg biopsies. Cov txheej txheem tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas cov kab mob uas nyob hauv cov ntaub so ntswg.
- Kev soj ntsuam dav dav, serological, kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau helminths (ntshav, quav, zis, ultrasound ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv nrog xav tias muaj kev cuam tshuam, ELISA, tomography, thiab lwm yam). Kev tshawb fawb yog siv los kuaj helminthiasis hauv cov ntaub so ntswg.
- Txoj kev tshawb fawb Parasitological muab cov duab qhia ntau tshaj plaws ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob, tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas cov kab mob, qe thiab larvae hauv cov kua dej lom (siv, zis, ntshav, ntuav, kua txiv plab, thiab lwm yam). Hom kev tshawb fawb no yog siv ntau zaus thiab tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab yam kab mob sai sai.
Yog tias thaum thawj zaug kev tshuaj xyuas tus kws tshaj lij tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov kab mob cab, tom qab ntawd cov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv tau raug xaiv raws li qee lub tswv yim. Tus neeg mob tau sau cov kua dej lom (tsis suav nrog cov kua tsib, cov ntsiab lus ntawm duodenum 12) peb zaug hauv peb lossis plaub hnub. Kev tawg ntawm kev tshawb fawb rov qab yog vim qhov xav tau los nrhiav cov qe helminth, uas cov neeg laus cab kab mob nteg nrog qee zaus.
Thaum muab tshuaj rau qhov no lossis qhov kev tshuaj xyuas kab mob parasitological, tus kws kho mob raug coj los ntawm kev ua xyem xyav. Yog tias cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob qhia tau tias muaj kab mob hauv plab, tom qab ntawd cov quav yuav raug coj mus rau kev tshawb fawb, yog tias xav tias muaj kev cuam tshuam rau daim siab, tom qab ntawd rau kev tshawb fawb nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los pub cov kua tsib, cov ntsiab lus ntawm duodenum 12. Maj mam, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev cais tawm qhia txog lub cev cuam tshuam thiab hom helminth.
kuaj ntshav
Kev kuaj ntshav tau sau rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj cov kab mob hauv cov quavtsis pom muaj kab mob parasites, tab sis lwm cov cim qhia tau meej meej tias muaj helminthic ntxeem tau. Kev kuaj ntshav qhia raws li kev kuaj helminth yog qhov tseeb heev thiab qhia tias muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsim los ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam cov khoom txawv teb chaws, uas yog kab mob.
Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob nws tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov kab mob, lawv loj, tab sis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm helminthiasis. Txog niaj hnub no, cov kab mob hauv qab no tau kuaj pom hauv cov chaw sim:
- Ascaris, Trichinella.
- Toxocars, opisthorchis.
- Echinococcus, muaj zogyloids.
Txhawm rau kom tau txais qhov tseeb kuaj rau helminths, koj yuav tsum ua raws li qee txoj cai rau kev pub ntshav:
- Ntshav plab khoob, zoo dua thaum sawv ntxov.
- Tus neeg mob tau tso cai haus cov dej tsis muaj carbonated nkaus xwb (ib hnub ua ntej kev tshuaj ntsuam thiab hnub xa khoom).
- Cov rog, ntsev, kib, ntsim thiab zaub mov yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm cov ntawv qhia 4-5 hnub ua ntej txheej txheem.
- Tsis suav tag nrho noj tshuaj (yog tias tsis muaj kev hem thawj rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub neej).
Muaj peb txoj kev xaiv hauv qhov xaus ntawm chav kuaj:
- Negative (tsis muaj helminthiasis).
- Zoo (muaj kev ntxeem tau, hom kab mob yog qhia).
- Adjacent (yuav tsum rov ua dua tom qab 14 hnub).
Fecal tsom xam
hom kev kawm no yog qhov xaj ntau tshaj plaws. Nws yog nqa tawm peb zaug nrog lub sijhawm ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm 3 lossis 4 hnub. Txoj hauv kev no muab cov ntaub ntawv raug thiab txheeb xyuas cov kab mob helminths hauv lub neej sib txawv. Cov quav rau helminths raug coj mus rau qhov tshwj xeeblab.
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb kom tau txais qhov tseeb yog tias cov khoom siv biomaterial yuav tsum tshiab, lub neej txee tsis pub dhau 24 teev. Ua ntej sau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam, cov txheej txheem tu cev tsis suav nrog.
Txoj Cai Kho Mob
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob yog kev puas tsuaj tag nrho ntawm cov kab mob cab thiab tiv thaiv kev rov kis kab mob. Cov tshuaj rau helminths muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob ntawm txhua theem ntawm lawv lub neej voj voog. Ntxiv nrog rau cov kev kho mob tseem ceeb, tus kws kho mob tau sau ntau cov tshuaj, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho cov hnyuv microflora, txhim kho qhov chaw sab hauv ntawm lub cev, kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab lwm yam.
Feem ntau cov teeb meem ntawm helminthiasis yog kev tsis haum tshuaj. Rau lawv cov kev pab, cov tshuaj antihistamines raug tshuaj ("Suprastin", "Parlazin", "Erius", "Tsetrin", thiab lwm yam). Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev lom nrog cov khoom khib nyiab ntawm cov kab mob, tus neeg mob tau muab cov piam thaj tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha kom tshem tawm cov co toxins, nrog rau kev noj cov ascorbic acid, vitamins, thiab lwm yam. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb ua txoj kev kho nyuaj, tshem tawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxeem tau thiab helminths lawv tus kheej..
Kev kho mob txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kab mob parasites suav nrog kev siv tshuaj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Nws raug nquahu kom noj lawv ib txhij nrog cov tshuaj sorbents thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cov tshuaj no tau pib 3 lossis 5 hnub ua ntej pib kho thiab txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv 5 hnub tom qab qhov kawg ntawm kev noj tshuaj anthelmintic.
Txoj kev npaj kho mob kuj suav nrog probiotics. Lawv raug sau ua ke nrog sorbents thiab antihistamines. Thaum lub sijhawm kho, tus neeg mob tau hloov mus rau kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, cov ntawv qhia zaub mov suav nrog cov khoom uas tau yooj yim nqus los ntawm lub cev - mis nyuj, kua zaub dej, cereals, tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj yej thiab infusions.
Ua ntej pib kev kho mob, nws yuav tsum tau ua ib qho kev tu kom huv - ntxuav cov tsev neeg thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev kom huv si nrog dej xab npum. Cov ris tsho hauv qab thiab cov ntaub pua chaw pw yuav tsum tau ironed nrog cov hlau kub thiab hloov txhua hnub kom tshiab rau tag nrho lub sijhawm kho.
Kev kho mob
Kev rhuav tshem cov kab mob hauv ib puag ncig sab hauv ntawm tus neeg yog ua nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj tshuaj lom ntau. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm txhua yam ntawm cov tshuaj siv yog tsom rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm ib hom kab mob xwb. Kev npaj rau helminths raug cais nyob ntawm hom kab mob uas lawv tsim:
- Tawm tsam nematodes hauv txoj hnyuv - "Piperazine", "Albendazole", "Levamisole", thiab lwm yam.
- Tawm tsam tsis yog plab hnyuv nematodes - Ivermectin, Albendazole, thiab lwm yam.
- tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov chav kawm cestodes (rau lub plab zom mov) - "Niclosamide".
- Anthelminthics ntawm chav kawm cestodes (tsis plab hnyuv) - "Albendazole".
- Tawm tsam plab hnyuv trematodes - "Perchlorethylene".
- Tawm tsam trematodes ntawm lwm qhov chaw - "Bithionol" thiab "Chloxide".
Nyob rau hauv ntxeem tau los ntawm ntau homworms yog cov tshuaj npaj rau broad-spectrum helminths, cov khoom xyaw nquag uas yog:
- "Mebendazole" - capillariasis, ascariasis, taeniasis, trichuriasis, ntau yam nematoses, taeniasis, echinococcosis, thiab lwm yam
- "Albendazole" - enterobiasis, cysticercosis, necatoriasis, ascariasis, capillariasis, toxocariasis, echinococcosis, strongyloidiasis, thiab lwm yam.
- "Praziquantel" - opisthorchiasis, schistosomiasis, metagonimiasis, cestodosis, hymenolepiasis, clonorchiasis, thiab lwm yam.
- "Levamisole" - necatorosis, enterobiasis, trichostrongylosis, ascariasis, trichuriasis, thiab lwm yam.
Cov tuam txhab kws tshuaj tsim ntau yam kev kho mob helminth nyob rau hauv ntau lub npe. Tus kws kho mob sau ntawv sau tshuaj nyob ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob hauv txoj kev kho mob. Cov kws tshaj lij tsis pom zoo kom noj tshuaj rau tus kheej. Tag nrho cov tshuaj rau helminths yog tshuaj lom heev, lawv yuav tsum tau noj nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob uas saib xyuas lub cev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
tuam txhab tshuaj tshuaj tsim cov tshuaj no rau helminths:
- "Gelmordol-VM", "Sanoxan" (active ingredient albendazole).
- "Decaris" (active tshuaj levamisole).
- "Vermox", "Vormin" (cov tshuaj nquag mebendazole).
- "Biltricid", "Azinox" (cov khoom xyaw nquag praziquantel).
Helminth ntsiav tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab, ob leeg hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Rau tus kws kho mob txoj haujlwmsuav nrog kev sau cov ntaub ntawv tiav txog tus kab mob, comorbidities, qib ntawm kev ntxeem tau thiab kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig los tiv thaiv kab mob. Rau txhua tus neeg, ib qho kev kho mob ib tus neeg raug xaiv raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem.
tshuaj ntsuab
Tau ntau pua xyoo, cov tshuaj ib txwm tau daws qhov teeb meem ntawm yuav ua li cas tshem tawm helminths, ntau cov zaub mov txawv tau tsim. Txhawm rau siv lawv yam tsis muaj kev phom sij tsawg dua li cov tshuaj, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob ua ntej pib kho.
Helminths hauv cov neeg laus tuaj yeem kho nrog cov txheej txheem pej xeem:
- Pumpkin Seeds - Noj ib txhais tes ntawm cov noob tshiab, tsis muaj roasted ntawm lub plab khoob. Tom qab 2-3 teev, koj yuav tsum tau muab ib qho enema.
- Pumpkin noob muab tshuaj txhuam - 100 grams ntawm peeled noob yog av nrog 100 milliliters ntawm boiled dej, ces koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv 2 tbsp. l ntuj zib mu. Lub resulting muab tshuaj txhuam yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub hub, khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub tub yees. Daim ntawv thov - noj ntawm lub plab khoob 3 tablespoons nrog lub sijhawm ntawm 1 teev rau 3 teev. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog noj ib tug laxative, tom qab 2 teev lawv muab ib tug enema.
- Raw beetroot kua txiv qaug rau ntawm lub plab khoob (1 tablespoon) tshem tawm helminths hauv tib neeg. Kev kho mob nrog hom no kav ntev li 7 hnub.
- Grated carrots los yog kua txiv kab ntxwv, noj rau ntawm lub plab khoob, kuj ua rau cov kab mob helminths. Kev kho mob yog ua tiav hauv 7-14 hnub.
Tsis txhob siv tag nrho cov zaub mov tib lub sijhawm. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau mus kuaj mob, thiab tsuas yog tom qab nrhiav pom hom kab mob cab, koj tuaj yeem xaiv kev kho mob, suav nrog los ntawmtshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Helminthiasis yog kab mob parasitic, kho los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Kev xa mus rau tus kws tshaj lij no tau txais los ntawm tus kws kho mob dav dav ntawm qhov chaw nyob. Yog hais tias tus kab mob no nyob rau hauv ntau yam hauv nruab nrog cev, ces nws yog tsim nyog mus ntsib kws kho mob ntawm tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb - kws kho mob plawv, ophthalmologist, neurologist, thiab lwm yam.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm helminths yog ua raws li kev ua raws cai ntawm kev nyiam huv. Ib qho ntawm cov kev xav tau tseem ceeb yog kev siv dej huv hauv lub neej txhua hnub, kev ntxuav tes ntau zaus, ua tib zoo ua zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias muaj cov tsiaj hauv tsev, kev tiv thaiv ib ntus yuav tsum tau nqa tawm rau lawv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj, deworming.
Thaum ua noj ua haus, nws yuav tsum ua raws li qee qhov kev ntsuas kub rau kev npaj cov nqaij thiab ntses. Cov zaub mov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog suav tias yog ntau hom sushi ua los ntawm cov ntses nyoos, uas tuaj yeem muaj helminths. Kev kho thiab tiv thaiv kab mob helminthiasis rau cov neeg nyiam ntawm cov khoom nyoos tsiaj yuav tsum tau ua tsis tu ncua.
Kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav tsum tau qhia nyob rau hauv xws li:
- Nquag lossis tsis tu ncua nrog tsiaj.
- Mus ncig txawv tebchaws.
- Ua haujlwm nrog lub ntiaj teb.
- Nyob ntawm tus menyuam hauv pab pawg menyuam.
- Nuv ntses, yos hav zoov.
Cov tswv cuab hauv tsev neeg raug pom zoo ob zaug hauv ib xyoos los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kom tshem tawm cov kab mob. Kev kho mob yog nrog broad spectrumspectrum ntawm kev ua, uas suav nrog albendazole. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog, lub cev qhov hnyav, rhiab heev rau cov tshuaj, muaj contraindications, concomitant kab mob, thiab lwm yam.
